脆性岩石断裂破坏机理的边界配位法分析

针对裂纹表面承受载荷时的应力条件，提出了新的应力函数，该应力函数对于各种裂纹模型、各种边界条件、各种边界形状、裂纹表面自由或承受均布载荷等均适用．并利用边界配位法，计算了在压缩载荷下，岩石内部裂纹的应力强度因子（ＳＩＦ），给出了关于岩石断裂破坏的一些新结论     

岩石材料的一种蠕变损伤方程

通过大量的岩石蠕变试验研究，总结出了以能描述损伤历史的蠕变模量为参数的岩石蠕变损伤方程，由该方程能方便地定出任意蠕变时刻的损伤状态和进行蠕变损伤的测定。     

南沙群岛珊瑚礁灰岩弹性波性质的研究

利用弹性波法对南沙群岛永暑礁南永一井的珊瑚礁灰岩岩芯和其它礁砂土样品进行了弹性波测量,根据测量结果,绘出了礁灰岩弹性波波速随深度变化的关系曲线,并结合永暑礁的发育演化历史、岩石学、地层学、沉积旋回以及古地磁测年,深入研究了弹性波纵波波速的变化规律,以及它与礁灰岩年龄、结构、岩石类型、孔隙度、沉积环境、地质事件的关系。研究结果表明,看似“异常”的弹性波纵波波速值恰是以上诸因素综合作用的结果。弹性波特性的研究在珊瑚礁地质研究中具有重要的意义,并可应用于珊瑚礁结构及稳定性研究之中。     

松软煤层综放面顶底板采动应力分布规律研究

以某矿综放采场为背景,通过现场实测、相似材料模拟等手段,研究了松软煤层综放开采中液压支架受力状态、两巷单体支柱受力特征和顶底板的采动应力分布规律,结果表明液压支架在工作面不同位置受力状态不同,处于中部位置的支架受力最大,同一支架前立柱受力大于后立柱;风巷围岩应力大于机巷围岩应力,两巷的超前采动应力峰值位置在工作面前3～11m;顶板岩层同一层位中采动应力分布随工作面的距离不同而不同;不同层位应力分布也不同,离煤层越近的岩层中应力集中系数越大;底板岩层在工作面前方6m左右处应力达到最大,在工作面处应力为零。该研究结果有效地指导了该矿井同一煤层综放面巷道布置、两巷支护及工作面顶板管理。     

准静态压力作用下岩体爆破成缝方向与机理的研究

本文在讨论了现有的爆破成缝理论以后,首先将岩体在爆生气体作用下的成缝过程分为开裂、扩展和止裂三个阶段,建立了这三个阶段的力学模型。然后,着重分析了爆破成缝方向和机理,提出了相应的断裂判据。最后,结合在大理石试块上进行的爆破成缝试验,通过计算分析,验证了本文提出的成缝机理。     

Two-Phase Flow Properties Prediction from Small-Scale Data Using Pore-Network Modeling

The objective of this work is to evaluate the prediction accuracy of network modeling to calculate transport properties of porous media based on the interpretation of mercury invasion capillary pressure curves only. A pore-scale modeling approach is used to model the multi-phase flow and calculate gas/oil relative permeability curves. The characteristics of the 3-D pore-network are defined with the requirement that the network model satisfactorily reproduces the capillary pressure curve (P_c curve), the porosity and the permeability. A sensitivity study on the effect of the input parameters on the prediction of capillary pressure and gas/oil relative permeability curves is presented. The simulations show that different input parameters can lead to similarly good reproductions of the experimental P_c, although the predicted relative permeabilities K_r are somewhat widespread. This means that the information derived from a mercury invasion P_c curve is not sufficient to characterize transport properties of a porous medium. The simulations indicate that more quantitative information on the wall roughness and the node/bond aspect ratio would be necessary to better constrain the problem. There is also evidence that in narrow pore size distributions pore body volume and pore throat radius are correlated while in broad pore size distributions they would be uncorrelated.     

Fractal characteristics of rocks fractured under tension

Fractal geometry can be useful for explaining the fracture behavior and rock properties. The fractal properties of rock fracture surface developed under tension were examined. Seven different rock samples were selected for the tests. An automated surface scanning device was used to map the fractured surfaces. Variogram analysis (VA) (for 1D self-affine sets) and power spectral density (PSD) measurement (for 2D self-affine sets) were applied to calculate the fractal dimension. On a comparative basis, there exists a trend between the fractal dimension and loading rate. The profiles in the loading direction yield higher fractal dimensions indicating the anisotropic feature of fractal. The fractal dimensions obtained by PSD and VA display a relationship for grain size and porosity. Higher porosity samples give different fractal dimensions for upper and lower fractures surfaces.     

Cumulation of Seismic Waves During Formation of Kimberlite Pipes

A possible mechanism of formation of kimberlite pipes is considered. It is shown that they could have formed upon impact of a large cosmic body on the Earth in the impact's antipode region during focusing of seismic surface waves. It is established that convergence of a surface wave to the antipode region is accompanied by an increase in the wave amplitude and the wave energy density. Focusing of such a wave results in an almost vertical rupture of the Earth's crust and formation of a channel diverging to the surface — a burst pipe. Along this channel, kimberlite magma, additionally heated by deep focusing of the other waves, rises to the Earth's surface to form a kimberlite pipe. The absence of ideal cylindrical symmetry due to the inhomogeneity of the Earth's crust along the path of wave propagation leads to wave defocusing and formation of several centers of convergence, i.e., formation of a pipe field.     

不连续介质力学分析的块体-夹层模型

基于岩体等不连续介质的实际结构特征，利用约束变分原理，建立了可同时用于不连续介质和连续介质力学分析的块体 夹层模型．该方法利用拉格朗日乘子法和罚函数法把单元间的连续条件作为约束条件引入泛函中，把不连续介质问题和连续介质问题统一处理，既能方便地求解连续介质力学问题，更重要的是能方便地处理不连续介质力学问题，如岩体结构．由块体 夹层模型可导出刚性有限元和弹性有限元（常应变元）的列式，而且块体的形状可以是任意多边形     

利用灰色模型预测巷道围岩变形

利用灰色系统理论，用少量的非等时的实测数据，建立非等时的灰色ＧＭ（１，１）模型，同时将实测数据经拉格朗日插值后形成等时时序，建立等时的灰色ＧＭ（１，１）模型，通过模型预测结果的比较，得到了在利用灰色模型进行巷道围岩变形预测时比较理想的模型。