全文获取类型
收费全文 | 3069篇 |
免费 | 306篇 |
国内免费 | 138篇 |
专业分类
化学 | 791篇 |
晶体学 | 5篇 |
力学 | 1104篇 |
综合类 | 17篇 |
数学 | 432篇 |
物理学 | 1164篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 2篇 |
2023年 | 15篇 |
2022年 | 45篇 |
2021年 | 41篇 |
2020年 | 57篇 |
2019年 | 64篇 |
2018年 | 66篇 |
2017年 | 69篇 |
2016年 | 70篇 |
2015年 | 59篇 |
2014年 | 115篇 |
2013年 | 221篇 |
2012年 | 118篇 |
2011年 | 164篇 |
2010年 | 142篇 |
2009年 | 205篇 |
2008年 | 213篇 |
2007年 | 219篇 |
2006年 | 178篇 |
2005年 | 168篇 |
2004年 | 157篇 |
2003年 | 150篇 |
2002年 | 126篇 |
2001年 | 94篇 |
2000年 | 76篇 |
1999年 | 68篇 |
1998年 | 71篇 |
1997年 | 75篇 |
1996年 | 77篇 |
1995年 | 52篇 |
1994年 | 52篇 |
1993年 | 43篇 |
1992年 | 51篇 |
1991年 | 32篇 |
1990年 | 28篇 |
1989年 | 19篇 |
1988年 | 25篇 |
1987年 | 23篇 |
1986年 | 12篇 |
1985年 | 13篇 |
1984年 | 13篇 |
1982年 | 11篇 |
1981年 | 4篇 |
1980年 | 2篇 |
1979年 | 2篇 |
1978年 | 1篇 |
1977年 | 1篇 |
1976年 | 1篇 |
1974年 | 1篇 |
1969年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有3513条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
161.
以亚当姆预测 校正系统数值计算方法为基础,在同时考虑光束通过克尔介质后的相位和光束线型变化的情况下,利用惠更斯 菲涅尔衍射积分公式,对高斯光束通过克尔介质后的近场和远场的横向光强分布进行了研究.结果表明:当高斯光束通过“薄”介质的出射面时,不仅仅相位发生了变化,而且光强线型分布也不再呈理想的高斯分布,而是有一系列丝状的近高斯分布.光束通过克尔介质后,无论是在近场还是远场,其光束总能量分布都被发散了.结果同时表明:光束通过正克尔介质后的远场光强分布主要集中在中心附近,并逐渐向边缘减弱,而光束通过负克尔介质后远场光束能量主要集中在边缘. 相似文献
162.
163.
164.
利用强非局域非线性介质中傍轴光束传输的线性模型(Snyder-Mitchell模型)讨论了椭圆坐标系下光束传输过程,通过设立Ince多项式对Gauss函数的调制解得到了强非局域非线性介质中光束稳定传输的Ince-Gauss解.当Ince-Gauss光束的入射功率为临界功率时,光束保持孤子形式传输,否则传输光束的束宽呈现周期性波动,即为呼吸子形式.同时还数值模拟了呼吸子的传输过程.Ince-Gauss光在一定条件下可以连续转换为Hermite-Gauss光或Laguerre-Gauss光,图示展现了几个低阶Ince型光孤子及其转换情况.
关键词:
强非局域非线性介质
Ince-Gauss光
Laguerre-Gauss光
Hermite-Gauss光 相似文献
165.
Mahault Albarracin Daphne Demekas Maxwell J. D. Ramstead Conor Heins 《Entropy (Basel, Switzerland)》2022,24(4)
The spread of ideas is a fundamental concern of today’s news ecology. Understanding the dynamics of the spread of information and its co-option by interested parties is of critical importance. Research on this topic has shown that individuals tend to cluster in echo-chambers and are driven by confirmation bias. In this paper, we leverage the active inference framework to provide an in silico model of confirmation bias and its effect on echo-chamber formation. We build a model based on active inference, where agents tend to sample information in order to justify their own view of reality, which eventually leads to them to have a high degree of certainty about their own beliefs. We show that, once agents have reached a certain level of certainty about their beliefs, it becomes very difficult to get them to change their views. This system of self-confirming beliefs is upheld and reinforced by the evolving relationship between an agent’s beliefs and observations, which over time will continue to provide evidence for their ingrained ideas about the world. The epistemic communities that are consolidated by these shared beliefs, in turn, tend to produce perceptions of reality that reinforce those shared beliefs. We provide an active inference account of this community formation mechanism. We postulate that agents are driven by the epistemic value that they obtain from sampling or observing the behaviours of other agents. Inspired by digital social networks like Twitter, we build a generative model in which agents generate observable social claims or posts (e.g., ‘tweets’) while reading the socially observable claims of other agents that lend support to one of two mutually exclusive abstract topics. Agents can choose which other agent they pay attention to at each timestep, and crucially who they attend to and what they choose to read influences their beliefs about the world. Agents also assess their local network’s perspective, influencing which kinds of posts they expect to see other agents making. The model was built and simulated using the freely available Python package pymdp. The proposed active inference model can reproduce the formation of echo-chambers over social networks, and gives us insight into the cognitive processes that lead to this phenomenon. 相似文献
166.
Various 1,5‐benzodiazepine and quinoxaline derivatives have been synthesized in water with excellent yields using a catalytic amount of indium chloride at room temperature. This synthetic protocol is nontoxic, safe, and environmentally benign. 相似文献
167.
A simple method of electrochemical bromination of a series of cyclic and acyclic enes (styrene and substituted styrenes, stilbene, indene, and cyclooctene) in a biphasic water–chloroform mixture mediated by bromide/bromine redox system is reported. Aqueous 25% NaBr/H2SO4 is used as the electrolyte. Regio- and stereoselective dibromination of enes is achieved. Moderate to excellent yields of the product (83–98%) is obtained depending on the substrate. Electrolyte reuse has also been demonstrated successfully using HBr in the dibromination of styrene. 相似文献
168.
169.
V. S. Gorelik A. A. Esakov A. N. Morozov P. P. Sverbil’ S. D. Tyves 《Journal of Russian Laser Research》2008,29(1):71-89
We developed a method for detecting traces of foreign components in water and analyzing the microstructure of water. The method
is based on studies of the characteristics of secondary emission arising in aqueous media under excitation by radiation of
ultraviolet lasers and light emitting diodes. A new type of cuvette (capillary cuvettes) for studying the secondary emission
in molecular media was elaborated. The cuvettes enable the study of aqueous solutions at small concentrations of the components;
they enable one to recognize the type of molecular compound present in aqueous media, in view of the photoluminescence spectra. 相似文献
170.
Marco Rahm David Schurig Daniel A. Roberts Steven A. Cummer David R. Smith John B. Pendry 《Photonics and Nanostructures》2008,6(1):87-VII
The technique of applying form-invariant, spatial coordinate transformations of Maxwell’s equations can facilitate the design of structures with unique electromagnetic or optical functionality. Here, we illustrate the transformation-optical approach in the designs of a square electromagnetic cloak and an omni-directional electromagnetic field concentrator. The transformation equations are described and the functionality of the devices is numerically confirmed by two-dimensional finite element simulations. The two devices presented demonstrate that the transformation optic approach leads to the specification of complex, anisotropic and inhomogeneous materials with well directed and distinct electromagnetic behavior. 相似文献