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961.
962.
963.
Yongbin Zhang 《Theoretical and Computational Fluid Dynamics》2009,23(4):255-269
The present paper is the subsequent research of the first part (Theor Comput Fluid Dyn, 2009). It investigates the boundary
film shear elastic modulus effect in a hydrodynamic contact in different operating conditions. The hydrodynamic contact is
one-dimensional, composed of two parallel plane surfaces, which are respectively rough rigid with rectangular micro projections
in profile periodically distributed on the surface and ideally smooth rigid. The whole contact consists of cavitated area
and hydrodynamic area. The hydrodynamic area consists of many micro Raleigh bearings which are discontinuously and periodically
distributed in the contact. The hydrodynamic contact in a micro Raleigh bearing consists of boundary film area and fluid film
area which, respectively, occur in the outlet and inlet zones. In boundary film area, the film slips at the upper contact
surface due to the limited shear stress capacity of the film–contact interface, while the film does not slip at the lower
contact surface due to the shear stress capacity of the film–contact interface large enough. In boundary film area, the viscosity,
density, and shear elastic modulus of the film are varied across the film thickness due to the film–contact interactions,
and their effective values are used in modeling which depends on the film thickness. In fluid film area, the film does not
slip at either of the contact surfaces, and the shear elastic modulus of the film is neglected. It is found from the simulation
results that the boundary film shear elastic modulus influences are normally negligible on the mass flow through the contact,
the carried load of the contact and the overall film thickness of the contact, and the boundary film shear elastic modulus
would normally influence the local film thickness in an elastic contact when the local film thickness is on the film molecule
diameter scale. It is also found that the boundary film shear elastic modulus effect has the tendency of being increased with
the reduction of the width of a micro contact. It is increased with the reduction of the boundary film–contact interfacial
shear strength or with the increase of the critical boundary film thickness, while it is strongest at certain values of the
contact surface roughness, the width ratio of fluid film area to boundary film area, and the lubricant film shear elastic
modulus.
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964.
Ben Schweizer 《Continuum Mechanics and Thermodynamics》2009,20(8):459-477
We propose a new method for the homogenization of hysteresis models of plasticity. For the one-dimensional wave equation with
an elasto-plastic stress-strain relation we derive averaged equations and perform the homogenization limit for stochastic
material parameters. This generalizes results of the seminal paper by Franců and Krejčí. Our approach rests on energy methods
for partial differential equations and provides short proofs without recurrence to hysteresis operator theory.
相似文献
965.
The incorporation of energy elastic effects in the modeling of flowing polymeric liquids is discussed. Since conformational
energetic effects are determined by structural features much smaller than the end-to-end vector of the polymer chains, commonly
employed single conformation tensor models are insufficient to describe energy elastic effects. The need for a local structural
variable is substantiated by studying a microscopic toy model with energetic effects in the setting of a generalized canonical
ensemble. In order to examine the dynamics of flowing polymeric liquids with energy elastic effects, a thermodynamically admissible
set of evolution equations is presented that accounts for the evolution of the microstructure in terms of a slow tensor, as
well as a fast, local scalar variable. It is demonstrated that the temperature used in the definition of the heat flux is
directly related to the Lagrange multiplier of the microscopic energy in the generalized canonical partition function. The
temperature equation is discussed with respect to, first, the dependence of the heat capacity on the polymer conformation
and, second, the possibility to measure experimentally the effects of the conformational energy.
相似文献
Markus HütterEmail: |
966.
The analysis of kinematics and dynamics of an elastic rod with
circular cross section is studied on the basis of exact Cosserat
model under consideration of the tension and shear deformation of
the rod. The dynamical equations of a rod with arbitrary initial
shape are established in general form. The dynamics of a straight
rod under axial tension and torsion is discussed as an example. In
discussion of static stability in the space domain the Greenhill
criteria of stability and the Euler load are corrected by the
influence of tension and shear strain. In analysis of dynamical
stability in the time domain it is shown that the Lyapunov and Euler
stability conditions of the rod in space domain are the necessary
conditions of Lyapunov's stability in the time domain. The longitudinal,
torsional and lateral vibrations of a straight rod based on exact
model are discussed, and an exact formula of free frequency of
lateral vibration is obtained. The free frequency formulas of
various simplified models, such as the Rayleigh beam, the Kirchhoff
rod, and the Timoshenko beam, can be seen as special cases of the
exact formula under different conditions of simplification. 相似文献
967.
Stability related to theoretical model for catastrophic weather prediction, which includes non-hydrostatic perfect elastic model and anelastic model, is discussed and analyzed in detail. It is proved that non-hydrostatic perfect elastic equations set is stable in the class of infinitely differentiable function. However, for the anelastic equations set, its continuity equation is changed in form because of the particular hypothesis for fluid, so "the matching consisting of both viscosity coefficient and incompressible assumption" appears, thereby the most important equations set of this class in practical prediction shows the same instability in topological property as Navier-Stokes equation, which should be avoided first in practical numerical prediction. In light of this, the referenced suggestions to amend the applied model are finally presented. 相似文献
968.
The anchoring properties of substrate with a grating surface are
investigated analytically. The alignment of nematic liquid
crystal (NLC) in a grating surface originates from two
mechanisms, thus the anchoring energy consists of two parts. One
originates from the interaction potential between NLC molecules
and the molecules on the substrate surface, and the other stems
from the increased elastic strain energy. Based on the two
mechanisms, the expression of anchoring energy per unit area of
a projected plane of this grating surface is deduced and called
the equivalent anchoring energy formula. Both the strength and
the easy direction of equivalent anchoring energy are a function
of the geometrical parameters (amplitude and pitch) of a grating
surface. By using this formula, the grating surface can be
replaced by its projected plane and its anchoring properties can
be described by the equivalent anchoring energy formula. 相似文献
969.
天然流体包裹体中甲烷水合物生成条件原位变温拉曼光谱研究 总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9
准确获取流体包裹体中气体水合物的生成条件一直是传统包裹体分析方法面临的一个难题。文章采用原位拉曼光谱技术分析了天然流体包裹体中甲烷水合物的生成条件。并由常温拉曼光谱分析表明,研究流体包裹体的流体组成为CH4-H2O体系。通过三种方法控制实验温度的变化,在第三种方法实验条件下获得了-170 ℃时甲烷水合物与冰的拉曼光谱,逐渐升温原位观测甲烷水合物的消失温度。原位拉曼光谱检测结果表明,研究包裹体中甲烷水合物的生成温度为7.5 ℃。结合CH4-H2O体系水合物形成条件相平衡计算,得到包裹体中甲烷水合物生成时的压力为5.587 3 MPa。研究结果表明,原位拉曼光谱技术是准确获取流体包裹体种气体水合物生成条件的一种有效方法。 相似文献
970.
The generation of bubble‐inclusions during BaB2O4 (BBO) crystal growth from high temperature solution has been optically observed by an in situ observation technique. It was found that bubbles are formed from the peripheries of some hexagonal defects in the (0001) plane of the growing crystal, which may be caused by the evaporation of the air‐opened interface at the high temperature. In addition, atomic force microscope (AFM) was used to investigate the distribution of bubbles. Results revealed that the bubble generation and distribution depend strongly on the microscopic structure of the interface: on a rough interface, bubbles are easily formed and grow rapidly; however, they are greatly suppressed by step trains on a vicinal interface. In the latter case, the height value of a bubble is close to that of the step, which is in the order of several tens of nanometers. (© 2007 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim) 相似文献