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排序方式: 共有331条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
31.
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Spiess HW 《Journal of magnetic resonance (San Diego, Calif. : 1997)》2011,(2):326-328
The development of four-pulse DEER as described, which has been published in the Journal of Magnetic Resonance more than 10 years ago. The corresponding paper is an example where a slight advance, such as adding a refocusing pulse, which in retrospect looks so simple, can have a remarkable impact on an entire field of science. In our case it offered a simple way to exact measurements of distances between defined species in the nanometer range. The current applications are mainly in determining structures of proteins and nucleic acids. 相似文献
33.
Petrova MV Doktorov AB Lukzen NN 《Journal of magnetic resonance (San Diego, Calif. : 1997)》2011,212(2):330-343
Exact explicit analytical expression for echoes in the Carr–Purcell–Meiboom–Gill sequence with arbitrary excitation and refocusing angles and resonance offset of RF pulses was obtained, employing the generating functions formalism developed earlier by authors. Asymptotic form and analytical approximation for echoes were derived in an elegant way and analyzed in details. In particular, it was shown that depending on T1, T2 and parameters of the pulse sequence, oscillatory behavior of echoes can take place. Accuracy of asymptotic forms and approximations were tested by comparison with exactly calculated echo amplitudes. Besides, it was shown, that the generating function approach can be applied to the consideration of terminated pulse sequences, when after-pulses echoes are registered. 相似文献
34.
扩频雷达探测一阶海洋回波 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
利用扩频通信良好的抗干扰性和低功率谱密度下工作的特点,本文把扩频技术引入高频海洋探测雷达来探测海洋一阶回波,研究结果表明,该技术对回波质量无不良影响,同时可降低雷达发射功率,增加雷达探测距离. 相似文献
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36.
Balibanu F Hailu K Eymael R Demco DE Blumich B 《Journal of magnetic resonance (San Diego, Calif. : 1997)》2000,145(2):246-258
The response of the spin system has been investigated by numerical simulations in the case of a nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) experiment performed in inhomogeneous static and radiofrequency fields. The particular case of the NMR-MOUSE was considered. The static field and the component of the radiofrequency field perpendicular to the static field were evaluated as well as the spatial distribution of the maximum NMR signal detected by the surface coil. The NMR response to various pulse sequences was evaluated numerically for the case of an ensemble of isolated spins (1/2). The behavior of the echo train in Carr-Purcell-like pulse sequences used for measurements of transverse relaxation and self-diffusion was simulated and compared with the experiment. The echo train is shown to behave qualitatively differently depending on the particular phase schemes used in these pulse sequences. Different echo trains are obtained, because of the different superposition of Hahn and stimulated echoes forming mixed echoes as a result of the spatial distribution of pulse flip angles. The superposition of Hahn and stimulated echoes originating from different spatial regions leads to distortions of the mixed echoes in intensity, shape, and phase. The volume selection produced by Carr-Purcell-like pulse sequences is also investigated for the NMR-MOUSE. The developed numerical simulation procedure is useful for understanding a variety of experiments performed with the NMR-MOUSE and for improving its performance. Copyright 2000 Academic Press. 相似文献
37.
Linqing Li Hui Han Bruce J. Balcom 《Journal of magnetic resonance (San Diego, Calif. : 1997)》2009,198(2):252-260
Fluid density imaging is highly desirable in a wide variety of porous media measurements. The SPRITE class of MRI methods has proven to be robust and general in their ability to generate density images in porous media, however the short encoding times required, with correspondingly high magnetic field gradient strengths and filter widths, and low flip angle RF pulses, yield sub-optimal S/N images, especially at low static field strength. This paper explores two implementations of pure phase encode spin echo 1D imaging, with application to a proposed new petroleum reservoir core analysis measurement.In the first implementation of the pulse sequence, we modify the spin echo single point imaging (SE-SPI) technique to acquire the k-space origin data point, with a near zero evolution time, from the free induction decay (FID) following a 90° excitation pulse. Subsequent k-space data points are acquired by separately phase encoding individual echoes in a multi-echo acquisition. T2 attenuation of the echo train yields an image convolution which causes blurring. The T2 blur effect is moderate for porous media with T2 lifetime distributions longer than 5 ms. As a robust, high S/N, and fast 1D imaging method, this method will be highly complementary to SPRITE techniques for the quantitative analysis of fluid content in porous media.In the second implementation of the SE-SPI pulse sequence, modification of the basic measurement permits fast determination of spatially resolved T2 distributions in porous media through separately phase encoding each echo in a multi-echo CPMG pulse train. An individual T2 weighted image may be acquired from each echo. The echo time (TE) of each T2 weighted image may be reduced to 500 μs or less. These profiles can be fit to extract a T2 distribution from each pixel employing a variety of standard inverse Laplace transform methods. Fluid content 1D images are produced as an essential by product of determining the spatially resolved T2 distribution. These 1D images do not suffer from a T2 related blurring.The above SE-SPI measurements are combined to generate 1D images of the local saturation and T2 distribution as a function of saturation, upon centrifugation of petroleum reservoir core samples. The logarithm mean T2 is observed to shift linearly with water saturation. This new reservoir core analysis measurement may provide a valuable calibration of the Coates equation for irreducible water saturation, which has been widely implemented in NMR well logging measurements. 相似文献
38.
Pannier M Veit S Godt A Jeschke G Spiess HW 《Journal of magnetic resonance (San Diego, Calif. : 1997)》2000,142(2):331-340
A four-pulse version of the pulse double electron-electron resonance (DEER) experiment is presented, which is designed for the determination of interradical distances on a nanoscopic length-scale. With the new pulse sequence electron-electron couplings can be studied without dead-time artifacts, so that even broad distributions of electron-electron distances can be characterized. A version of the experiment that uses a pulse train in the detection period exhibits improved signal-to-noise ratio. Tests on two nitroxide biradicals with known length indicate that the accessible range of distances extends from about 1.5 to 8 nm. The four-pulse DEER spectra of an ionic spin probe in an ionomer exhibit features due to probe molecules situated both on the same and on different ion clusters. The former feature provides information on the cluster size and is inaccessible with previous methods. 相似文献
39.
40.
Coherent spectroscopy of semiconductor quantum dots, such as photon echo, accumulated photon echo, interferometric coherency measurement, quantum beat and coherent phonon measurement, are reviewed in relation to the historical progress in the coherent spectroscopy of semiconductors. 相似文献