On the Decay of Turbulence in the 20-Liter Explosion Sphere

The transient flow field in the standard 20-liter explosion sphere was investigated by means of laser Doppler anemometry. Velocities were measured at various locations within the flow field, and this information was used to quantify the transient behavior of the root-mean-square of the velocity fluctuations and to investigate the spatial homogeneity and the directional isotropy of the turbulence. The investigation involved the transient flow fields generated by the three most widely used dust dispersion systems, namely, the Perforated Dispersion Ring, the Rebound Nozzle, and the Dahoe Nozzle. With all three dispersion dust devices, the decay of turbulence could be correlated by a decay law of the form

Study of the electric capacitance spectra on symmetric quantum-dot pattern

We have calculated the ground-state energy of the symmetric quantum-dot pattern by the ab initio calculation method, i.e. unrestricted Hartree-Fock-Roothaan (UHFR) method based on the Gaussian basis, and studied their electric capacitance spectra, assuming each quantum dot of quantum-dot pattern to be confined in a three-dimensional spherical potential well of finite depth. For the systems in question, our results show that our method and theoretical model not only give the electric capacitance peaks similar to s-shell and p-shell atom-like quantum dot, but also show some new fine-structure of electric capacitance in the symmetric quantum-dot pattern system. This method might be a feasible tool to study few-electron problems on the symmetric quantum-dot pattern system.     

模拟退火算法在波束图设计中的应用

摘要本文提出了基于模拟退火算法的波束设计方法。模拟退火算法模拟了固体缓慢退火从而获得最低内能的物理过程，是一种简单而有效的随机性全局优化算法。为证明该设计方法的可行性和有效性，给出了15元平面阵的设计实例以及仿真结果。结果表明，使用该方法设计的波束与常规方法相比，获得了更低的旁瓣级。     

中等尺寸SiN团簇结构和相对稳定性的研究(21≤N≤50,N=60)

在过去二十年里,对中等尺寸硅团簇的研究一直十分活跃.为阐明低能团簇从中等到大尺寸的生长行为,我们对SiN团簇在21≤N≤50,和N=60的结构和相对稳定性进行论述.对Si21-Si29,除Si27外最低能量结构是扁长形.对N≥30,SiN团簇倾向于形成填充富勒烯结构.随着团簇尺寸的增大(N≥41),内部开始出现四面体结构,可视为金刚石晶格结构形成的初始阶段.当团簇尺寸达到N=60时,其已偏离小团簇的类分子行为,但向块体结构的转变还没完成.中等尺寸硅团簇的填充富勒烯结构可以被看作是从类分子向块体过渡的中间阶段.     

Application of inertia-induced excitation theory for nonlinear acoustic modes in colloidal plasma equilibrium flow

Application of inertia-induced acoustic excitation theory offers a new resonant excitation source channel of acoustic turbulence in the transonic domain of plasma flow. In bi-ion plasmas like colloidal plasma, two well-defined transonic points exist corresponding to the parent ion and the dust grain-associated acoustic modes. As usual, the modified ion acoustic mode (also known as dust ion-acoustic (DIA) wave) dynamics associated with parent ion inertia is excitable for both nanoscale-and micronscale-sized dust grains. It is found that the so-called (ion) acoustic mode (also known as dust-acoustic (DA) wave) associated with nanoscale dust grain inertia is indeed resonantly excitable through the active role of weak but finite parent ion inertia. It is interestingly conjectured that the same excitation physics, as in the case of normal plasma sound mode, operates through the active inertial role of plasma thermal species. Details of the nonlinear acoustic mode analyses of current interest in transonic domains of such impure plasmas in hydrodynamic flow are presented.      

Performance Test of CW 300?GHz Gyrotron FU CW I

A 300 GHz CW gyrotron FU CW I has been developed and installed in the Research Center for Development of Far-Infrared Region, University of Fukui as a power source of a high frequency material processing system. Its performance was tested and the maximum power of 1.75 kW / CW has been attained at the beam voltage of 15 kV and the beam current of 1A. The maximum window power efficiency of 15.5% has been obtained at the cathode voltage slightly lower than 15 kV. This gyrotron is designed to deliver a Gaussian beam after mode conversion from the oscillation mode TE_22,8 in the cavity with a complex of an internal radiator and beam shaping mirrors. The detailed measurement with an infrared camera has confirmed that a Gaussian beam is radiated when the magnetic field strength B _c at the cavity is adjusted at a proper value. However, within a range of B _c , the output power is emerged into multiple directions, which suggests simultaneous oscillation of competing cavity modes.     

Structural complexity of disordered surfaces: Analyzing the porous silicon SFM patterns

This paper introduces a relative structural complexity measure for the characterization of disordered surfaces. Numerical solutions of 2d+1 KPZ equation and scanning force microscopy (SFM) patterns of porous silicon samples are analyzed using this methodology. The results and phenomenological interpretation indicate that the proposed measure is efficient for quantitatively characterize the structural complexity of disordered surfaces (and interfaces) observed and/or simulated in nano, micro and ordinary scales.     

The role of oxygen and hydrogen partial pressures on structural and optical properties of ITO films deposited by reactive rf-magnetron sputtering

Sn doped In₂O₃ films are deposited by rf-magnetron sputtering at 300 °C under Ar, Ar + O₂ and Ar + H₂ gas ambients. For the film prepared under argon ambient, electrical resistivity 6.5 × 10⁻⁴ Ω cm and 95% optical transmission in the visible region have been achieved optimizing the power and chamber pressure during the film deposition. X-ray diffraction spectra of the ITO film reveal (2 2 2) and (4 0 0) crystallographic planes of In₂O₃. With the introduction of 1.33% oxygen in argon, (2 2 2) peak of In₂O₃ decreases and resistivity increases for the deposited film. With further increase of oxygen in the sputtering gas mixture crystallinity in the film deteriorates and both the peaks disappeared. On the other hand, when 1.33% hydrogen is mixed with argon, the resistivity of the deposited film decreases to 5.5 × 10⁻⁴ Ω cm and the crystallinity remains almost unchanged. In case of reactive sputtering, the deposition rate is lower compared to that in case of non-reactive sputtering. HRTEM and first Fourier patterns show the highly crystalline structure of the samples deposited under Ar and Ar + H₂ ambients. Crystallinity of the film becomes lower with the introduction of oxygen in argon but refractive index increases from 1.86 to 1.9. The surface morphology of the ITO films have been studied by high resolution scanning electron microscopy.     

Dynamic instabilities in scalar neural field equations with space-dependent delays

In this paper we consider a class of scalar integral equations with a form of space-dependent delay. These nonlocal models arise naturally when modelling neural tissue with active axons and passive dendrites. Such systems are known to support a dynamic (oscillatory) Turing instability of the homogeneous steady state. In this paper we develop a weakly nonlinear analysis of the travelling and standing waves that form beyond the point of instability. The appropriate amplitude equations are found to be the coupled mean-field Ginzburg-Landau equations describing a Turing-Hopf bifurcation with modulation group velocity of O(1). Importantly we are able to obtain the coefficients of terms in the amplitude equations in terms of integral transforms of the spatio-temporal kernels defining the neural field equation of interest. Indeed our results cover not only models with axonal or dendritic delays but also those which are described by a more general distribution of delayed spatio-temporal interactions. We illustrate the predictive power of this form of analysis with comparison against direct numerical simulations, paying particular attention to the competition between standing and travelling waves and the onset of Benjamin-Feir instabilities.