Pulsatile flows in a lateral aneurysm anchored on a stented and curved parent vessel

We present particle tracking velocimetry measurements and flow visualization of pulsatile flow fields in a stented cerebrovascular lateral aneurysm model with a wide ostium anchored on a curved parent vessel. Among the stent parameters, the blocking ratioC _α ranging from 0% to 75% was selected to study its effect on the changes of intra-aneurysmal hemodynamics for the reference of minimally invasive endovascular aneurysm treatment. The Womersley number was 3.9 and the mean, peak, and minimal Reynolds numbers based on the bulk average velocity and diameter of the parent vessel were 600, 850, and 300, respectively. The results are characterized in terms of velocity vector field, coded streak images, region averaged velocity, vorticity, and wall shear stress. A critical range ofC _α related to the inflow location as well as the shape and number of intra-aneurysmal vortices is identified. The intra-aneurysmal flow activity, vortex strength, and wall shear stress are found to decrease with increasingC _α. Among theC _α examined,C _α=75% is the most favorable in attenuating the risk of aneurysmal rupture and promoting intra-aneurysmal thrombus.     

Spatial Motion of a Rod in a Viscous Fluid Flow

Equations of spatial motion of a curved finitelength rod in a viscous fluid flow are derived. Analytical solutions of problems on the motion of a straight rod under conditions of pure shear, simple shear, and uniaxial extension of the fluid are obtained. Longitudinal stability of the straight rod during its spatial motion is considered. Effective viscosity of a suspension filled by rigid straight rods is evaluated.     

Free-surface flow over curved surfaces: Part I: Perturbation analysis

The standard two-dimensional shallow water equation formulation assumes a mild bed slope and no curvature effect. These assumptions limit the applicability of these equations for some important classes of problems. In particular, flow over a spillway is affected by the bed curvature via a decidedly non-hydrostatic pressure distribution. A detailed derivation of a more general equation set is given here in Part I. The method relies upon a perturbation expansion to simplify a bed-fitted co-ordinate configuration of the three-dimensional Euler equations. The resulting equations are essentially the equivalent of the two-dimensional shallow water equations but with curvature included and without the mild slope assumption. A finite element analysis and flume result are given in Part II. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

椭圆截面曲线管道内二次流动的Galerkin解

推导了任意空间曲线直角坐标系内的张量流体力学方程．采用Galerkin方法和计算机符号运算技术求解了椭圆截面螺旋管道（电括弯管、扭管）内的二次流动．计算结果表明了Galerkin方法的适用和有效性，克服了振动法的小参数局限．对所得结果的分析揭示了椭圆截面螺旋管道内流动的特性，给出了k,r和Re较大情况的研究结论．     

柔性曲梁多体系统的研究现状和展望

本文对近几年来柔性多体系统建模理论的研究进展进行了评述, 详细阐述了曲梁结构多体系统动力学研究的理论背景和工程意义. 结合连续介质力学和多体系统动力学理论, 介绍了平面曲梁、空间曲梁应变位移场的描述以及几何非线性问题研究现状. 通过国内外文献及已有的研究, 综述了现有曲梁的离散化方法, 以及这些方法对于定曲率、变曲率曲梁的适用性. 然后, 总结了曲梁刚柔耦合动力学建模和数值计算中的难点问题, 介绍了平面曲梁、空间曲梁实验研究的现状. 最后, 综合全文, 提出了目前研究存在的难点问题, 以及计划解决这些难点问题的方法.      

密切曲面锥乘波体——-设计方法与性能分析

介绍了密切曲面锥(osculating curvedcone, OCC)乘波体的设计方法, 并对密切曲面锥乘波体的流场结构及气动特性进行了分析. 密切曲面锥方法采用具有直线激波和等熵压缩波系的曲面锥作为基准流场, 在定义乘波体激波型线(inlet capture curve, ICC)和前缘捕获型线(front capture tube, FCT)后, 采用密切轴对称和流线追踪技术, 设计生成密切曲面锥乘波体. 采用数值方法对设计的密切曲面锥乘波体进行了模拟, 理论设计结果和数值模拟结果一致. 对密切曲面锥乘波体和密切锥乘波体进行了比较, 密切曲面锥乘波体克服了密切锥乘波体压缩量不足及容积率偏小的缺点.      

Fluid flow in a rotating curved rectangular duct

The fluid flowing in a rotating curved duct is subjected to both the Coriolis force due to a rotation and the centrifugal force due to a curvature. In this paper, the combined effects of the two forces on the flows in rotating curved rectangular ducts are examined numerically. According to the aspect ratio of the cross-section, the rectangular ducts are divided into three types: η>1, η=1, η<1, where η is the aspect ratio. The variations of the flow structures with the force ratio F (the ratio of the Corislis force to the centrifugal force) are studied in detail and many hitherto unknown flow patterns are found. The effects of the force ratio and the aspect ratio of the cross-section on the friction factor are also examined. Present results show both the characteristics of the secondary flow, axial flow and the natures of the friction factor.     

Numerical study of vortex reconnection for two anti-parallel vortex tubes

By direct numerical simulation of the Navier-Stokes equations we investigate the reconnection of two antiparallel vortex tubes. A new type of perturbation of the initial vorticity field is given which is different from that presented in Refs. [8] and [9]. The formation and the evolution of the “curved vortex belts”, their mutual action with the “bridges” are found. These are important phenomena not studied by others. The project supported by the LNM of Institute of Mechanics, Academia Sinica and The National Natural Science Foundation of China     

大转动曲边柱壳非线性3-D动力学建模及分析

对曲边柱壳受轴向非均匀内压作用下的大转动几何非线性3-D动力学行为进行了研究,给出了一套高效三维动力学建模与数值求解方法.基于结构静动态变形关系,采用Lagrange方程推导建立了曲边柱壳多自由度三维动力学方程,通过线性化和降阶处理获得了曲边柱壳3-D动态膨胀数值解,与LS-DYNA有限元方法求解结果一致.计算结果表明:曲边柱壳动态响应行为与内压载荷轴向分布形式关系紧密,可以通过改变内压轴向分布形式来控制结构的动态变形模式;同时发现时间步是影响论文方法计算精度的重要因素.论文研究为后续含曲边柱壳复杂系统动力学响应研究提供了参考.     

风浪因素对海洋波导雷达回波作用机理的研究

采用文氏谱模型描述近海海洋动力环境海面的粗糙特征, 并运用海浪谱理论得到风速和均方根高度偏差的关系. 进而应用修正的离散混合傅里叶变换方法和改进的雷达散射系数模型分别计算了电磁波传输损耗和雷达散射系数. 在此基础上, 通过数值计算分析了风浪因素对海洋波导环境雷达回波功率值的影响. 结果表明, 风浪因素对不同观测高度处的传输损耗的影响均不大; 风浪因素对雷达回波功率有显著影响, 并且相对于传输损耗, 雷达散射系数项受风浪因素影响较大因而导致较大的雷达回波功率的变化.