全文获取类型
收费全文 | 8176篇 |
免费 | 1010篇 |
国内免费 | 623篇 |
专业分类
化学 | 2699篇 |
晶体学 | 1160篇 |
力学 | 1974篇 |
综合类 | 118篇 |
数学 | 1565篇 |
物理学 | 2293篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 7篇 |
2023年 | 70篇 |
2022年 | 149篇 |
2021年 | 203篇 |
2020年 | 224篇 |
2019年 | 175篇 |
2018年 | 142篇 |
2017年 | 226篇 |
2016年 | 340篇 |
2015年 | 265篇 |
2014年 | 408篇 |
2013年 | 532篇 |
2012年 | 406篇 |
2011年 | 557篇 |
2010年 | 500篇 |
2009年 | 506篇 |
2008年 | 546篇 |
2007年 | 558篇 |
2006年 | 542篇 |
2005年 | 449篇 |
2004年 | 454篇 |
2003年 | 379篇 |
2002年 | 262篇 |
2001年 | 247篇 |
2000年 | 239篇 |
1999年 | 204篇 |
1998年 | 179篇 |
1997年 | 170篇 |
1996年 | 128篇 |
1995年 | 110篇 |
1994年 | 104篇 |
1993年 | 91篇 |
1992年 | 71篇 |
1991年 | 84篇 |
1990年 | 55篇 |
1989年 | 47篇 |
1988年 | 43篇 |
1987年 | 29篇 |
1986年 | 24篇 |
1985年 | 18篇 |
1984年 | 16篇 |
1983年 | 11篇 |
1982年 | 8篇 |
1981年 | 8篇 |
1979年 | 4篇 |
1977年 | 2篇 |
1973年 | 2篇 |
1971年 | 3篇 |
1959年 | 2篇 |
1957年 | 2篇 |
排序方式: 共有9809条查询结果,搜索用时 328 毫秒
101.
贫水电解质体系制备多孔阳极氧化铝模板的研究 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
在有机溶剂为主的含草酸电解质中,研究了大孔径有序度高的阳极氧化铝(AAO)的一步法电化学制备.实验证实,电解质中水含量的降低能够有效抑制铝的电氧化速率和溶解速率,使得其氧化膜孔道的生长能够稳定进行,所得到的六方孔道排列有序度明显高于纯水溶剂制备的电解质体系下的产物.考察了水含量、有机溶剂种类以及电解质浓度对AAO模板孔道形貌的影响.结果表明,有机溶剂贫水电解质体系使得电氧化电压的选取范围比水溶液电解质体系更宽,孔径连续可调,反应条件温和.该方法适合于制备均匀大孔径的AAO模板. 相似文献
102.
Mojumdar S. C. Kozánková J. Chocholoušek J. Majling J. Fábryová D. 《Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry》2004,78(1):73-82
Fluoroapatite containing glass-ceramics were prepared from Li2O-CaO-CaF2-P2O5-SiO2 system. The glass was melted at 1480°C for 1 h. The object of observation was the preparing crystal phase of fluoroapatite
in amorphous glass matrix. The morphology of lithium disilicate glass-ceramics was studied by SEM. The crystal growth and
thermal properties of fluoroapatite were studied by X-ray diffraction and DTA. The more the content of P2O5, the more the presence of fluoroapatite particles. SEM investigation clearly indicated the phase separation and formation
of a primary crystalline phase of fluoroapatite in the studied glass-ceramics. DTA curves of the fluoroapatite samples exhibit
exothermic effects in the temperature range 337-694°C depending on the composition of the materials. The position of exothermic peak for lithium disilicate on DTA curves moves with increasing specific surfacetowards lower temperatures which points on its preferential surface crystallization. As far as physical qualities are concerned,
mainly color and gloss, the best qualities of all observed materials belong to glass-ceramics with 10% P2O5.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
103.
Xuchu Ma Xuebing Li Yi Du Fen Xu Yitai Qian 《Journal of solid state chemistry》2004,177(10):3824-3829
The micro-sized Sb2O3 octahedra can be synthesized on a large scale via a simple PEG-1000 polymer-assisted hydrothermal route (PAHR) in the temperature range of 160-180 °C for 10-14 h. The structures, compositions, and morphologies of the as-synthesized products are derived from X-ray power diffraction pattern, X-ray photoelectron spectra, and field emission scanning electronic microscope. Meanwhile, the optical properties of the micro-sized Sb2O3 octahedra are studied by their photoluminescene spectroscopy and Raman spectrum. Furthermore, the possible growth mechanism of the micro-metered Sb2O3 octahedra is discussed on the basis of a series of supplementary experiments. And it has been found that PEG-1000, sodium tartrate, the reaction temperature, and the reaction time have considerable effects on the final morphology of Sb2O3, while the pH value has an influence on the formation of the Sb2O3 crystals. 相似文献
104.
Ya‐Ping Du Ya‐Wen Zhang Prof. Dr. Zheng‐Guang Yan Dr. Ling‐Dong Sun Prof. Dr. Song Gao Prof. Dr. Chun‐Hua Yan Prof. Dr. 《化学:亚洲杂志》2007,2(8):965-974
We report the synthesis of single‐crystalline and near‐monodispersed NaMF3 (M=Mn, Co, Ni, Mg), LiMAlF6 (M=Ca, Sr), and NaMgF3:Yb,Er nanocrystals (quasisquare nanoplates, nanorods, and nanopolygons) by the cothermolysis of multiple trifluoroacetates in hot combined organic solvents (oleic acid, oleylamine, and 1‐octadecene). The nanocrystals were characterized by XRD, TEM, superconductive quantum interference device (SQUID), and upconversion luminescence spectroscopy. By regulating the polarity of the dispersant, the NaMF3 (M=Mn, Co, Ni) nanoplates were partially aligned to form nanoarrays on copper TEM grids. The sizes of the NaMF3 nanocrystals were easily tuned by the use of proper synthetic conditions such as reaction temperature and time and solvent composition. On the basis of a series of experiments in which the reaction conditions were varied, together with GC–MS and FTIR analysis, the reaction pathways for the formation of these nanocrystals from trifluoroacetate precursors were proposed. The magnetic measurements showed that the differently sized NaMnF3 square plates displayed interesting weak ferromagnetic behavior on the nanometer scale. The strong red upconversion luminescence emitted from the NaMgF3:Yb,Er nanorods under 980‐nm near‐IR laser excitation suggests that NaMgF3 may be a good candidate host material for red upconversion luminescence. 相似文献
105.
早在本世纪初物理化学家们就已观察到,某些物质从其熔融态或溶液中结晶出来时,在某些条件下可形成周期性的宏观结晶条纹[1,2],这就是周期结晶现象,由于这种现象和晶体生长、材料物性以及成矿过程等重要问题紧密相关,很早就引起了人们的重视.近年来有关非平衡非线性系统中自发产生各种时空有序现象(自组织现象)的各种理论(如耗散结构理论)[3]的兴起,重新引起了人们对这类现象的兴趣.八十年代,Iwamoto等先后报道了甲基苄基氨基甲酸酯(MethylMesitylcarbamate)从氯仿溶液[4]和抗坏血酸(AscorbicAcid)从甲醇溶液[5]… 相似文献
106.
神经生长因子的化学发光标记与检测 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
以辣根过氧化物酶(HRP)和吖啶酯(AE)为化学发光标记试剂分别标记神经生长因子(NGF)单克隆抗体,经分离纯化制成标记抗体(HRP-Ab,AE-Ab),采用化学发光免疫分析法(CLIA)对NGF进行检测,其检出限为0.5ng/mL,线性范围为2~128ng/mL.10例样本分别用CLIA和RIA进行检测,其结果无显著性差异. 相似文献
107.
E. Ferrero J. F. Espeso J. G. de la Campa J. de Abajo A. E. Lozano 《Journal of polymer science. Part A, Polymer chemistry》2002,40(21):3711-3724
A series of polyisophthalamides containing pendent phthalimido groups and flexible side spacers were prepared from four novel diacids and three commercial aromatic diamines. These polyamides were prepared in high yields and with high molecular weights by direct polycondensation with triphenyl phosphite and pyridine as condensing agents. The weight‐average and number‐average molecular weights, measured by gel permeation chromatography, were 70,000–137,000 and 47,000–86,000 g/mol, respectively. The novel polyamides were amorphous and readily soluble and showed glass‐transition temperatures of 150–240 °C, as measured by differential scanning calorimetry. Thermogravimetric analysis showed that the 10% weight‐loss temperatures in nitrogen were 355–430 °C, a significant improvement in thermal stability having been observed with the increase in the side‐chain length. A theoretical quantum mechanical study was successfully carried out to explain these results. Flexible and tough films, cast from polymer solutions, showed tensile strengths of 50–125 MPa. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 40: 3711–3724, 2002 相似文献
108.
We present a new formulation of a class of growth models-those which evolve according to an exclusion process. This formulation is based upon a transformation of the probability distribution function which involves Grassmann variables. This method is very general and enables one to derive an exact stochastic differential equation for the model of interest. We describe this method using the traffic model as an example. 相似文献
109.
Nucleation from a metastable state is studied for an anisotropic Ising model at very low temperatures. It turns out that the critical nucleus as well as configurations on a typical path to it differ from the Wulff shape of an equilibrium droplet. 相似文献
110.
利用Bridgman-Stockbarger方法在氩气气氛下生长出KZnF3:Eu^3+单晶,测定了晶体的激发光谱、荧光发射光谱和ESR谱,讨论了Eu离子的取代格位。 相似文献