Solving nonlinear equations with the convex combination of two positive spectral coefficients

We present a spectral algorithm based on the convex combination of two modified spectral coefficients for solving systems of nonlinear equations. The proposed algorithm does not require the exact or approximated directional derivative for its implementation. By employing a derivative-free line search, the global convergence of the sequence generated by the algorithm is supported. Numerical experiments are given to demonstrate the performance of the algorithm compared with a similar algorithm in the literature for solving nonlinear equations problems.     

两两NQD随机变量序列的完全收敛性

利用两两NQD列的Kolmogorov型不等式,在更广泛的条件下,讨论了两两NQD列的完全收敛性,获得了完全收敛性的一系列等价条件,推广和改进了一些文献中相应的结果,同时还得到了任意随机变量序列的完全收敛速度.     

A first-order system approach for diffusion equation. II: Unification of advection and diffusion

In this paper, we unify advection and diffusion into a single hyperbolic system by extending the first-order system approach introduced for the diffusion equation [J. Comput. Phys., 227 (2007) 315–352] to the advection–diffusion equation. Specifically, we construct a unified hyperbolic advection–diffusion system by expressing the diffusion term as a first-order hyperbolic system and simply adding the advection term to it. Naturally then, we develop upwind schemes for this entire   system; there is thus no need to develop two different schemes, i.e., advection and diffusion schemes. We show that numerical schemes constructed in this way can be automatically uniformly accurate, allow O(h)$O(h)$ time step, and compute the solution gradients (viscous stresses/heat fluxes for the Navier–Stokes equations) simultaneously to the same order of accuracy as the main variable, for all Reynolds numbers. We present numerical results for boundary-layer type problems on non-uniform grids in one dimension and irregular triangular grids in two dimensions to demonstrate various remarkable advantages of the proposed approach. In particular, we show that the schemes solving the first-order advection–diffusion system give a tremendous speed-up in CPU time over traditional scalar schemes despite the additional cost of carrying extra variables and solving equations for them. We conclude the paper with discussions on further developments to come.     

A meshless method for the nonlinear generalized regularized long wave equation

This paper presents a meshless method for the nonlinear generalized regularized long wave(GRLW) equation based on the moving least-squares approximation.The nonlinear discrete scheme of the GRLW equation is obtained and is solved using the iteration method.A theorem on the convergence of the iterative process is presented and proved using theorems of the infinity norm.Compared with numerical methods based on mesh,the meshless method for the GRLW equation only requires the scattered nodes instead of meshing the domain of the problem.Some examples,such as the propagation of single soliton and the interaction of two solitary waves,are given to show the effectiveness of the meshless method.     

间断问题的并行多重网格预条件共轭梯度法求解

首先比较了四种串行多重网格预条件共轭梯度法求解四类典型间断问题时,数值收敛因子与间断类型、间断程度、网格步长的关系;然后,在算法中引入Schwarz并行,探讨了并行算法收敛因子与子区域个数的关系,以及Schwarz并行的获益。给出了详细的性能比较结果。     

Visual Acuity Depends on Perceived Size

Increasing (or decreasing) the convergence angle can shrink (or expand) the perceived size of an object without changing its retinal size. The present report deals with the question of whether such a change in perceived size affects visual acuity. We investigated the effects of perceived size on the legibility of letters, using a telestereoscope which can control the observer’s convergence angle while keeping the size of the retinal image constant. We demonstrated that letters do become more legible (illegible) as perceived size expands (shrinks), although their retinal size stays constant. Then, we measured the ‘threshold’ size of the convergence angle, at which letters became legible from illegible, for several retinal sizes (0.1 to 0.2 deg) of letters. The result shows that the threshold decreases as the retinal size of letters decreases, so that the minimum retinal size of legible letters depends on the convergence angle. This implicates contributions from the size perception at higher levels of the visual system to the determination of visual acuity.     

强一致收敛下的初值敏感性与等度连续性

首先,举例指出了《Nonlinear Anglgsis》文中定理3.2的条件下并不能使函数序列的初值敏感性遗传至极限函数,并证明了若函数序列的敏感常数的上极限为某一正数,则在强一致收敛下,函数序列的极限函数也具有初值敏感性.其次,证明了在强一致收敛下,序列系统的等度连续性和一致几乎周期性能被极限系统所继承.     

The mean spherical model in a random external field and the replica method

We provide a quick elementary solution of the mean spherical model in a random external field. This also allows an immediate proof of the self-averaging property of the free energy. We calculate the free energy by means of the replica method, i.e., for any (not necessarily integer) replica numbern, and show that when a phase transition occurs the limits andn 0 are not interchangeable.     

q-Stancu算子的保形性及收敛定理

给出了基于q-整数的Stancu算子Ln（·,q）,同时研究了该算子的一些基本性质．首先,利用q-Stancu算子作用于某一函数f（x）以后Ln（f,q;x）与f（x）变号数的关系,得到了该算子的保形性定理．其次,通过精细的不等式放缩,该算子作用于一般的连续函数后收敛于一极限算子,而不像一般算子那样收敛于函数本身,并用光滑模刻画了其收敛速度．     

关于全实轴上的Lagrange插值

本文估计了以Hermite多项式的零点为节点的Lagrange插值多项式对全实轴上非一致连续函数的逼近阶.