A survey on HHL algorithm: From theory to application in quantum machine learning

The Harrow-Hassidim-Lloyd (HHL) algorithm is a method to solve the quantum linear system of equations that may be found at the core of various scientific applications and quantum machine learning models including the linear regression, support vector machines and recommender systems etc. After reviewing the necessary background on elementary quantum algorithms, we provide detailed account of how HHL is exploited in different quantum machine learning (QML) models, and how it provides the desired quantum speedup in all these models. At the end, we briefly discuss some of the remaining challenges ahead for HHL-based QML models and related methods.     

复合材料失效判据有效性验证方法研究

为系统地验证复合材料失效判据计算精度和有效性范围,给出了4种材料体系、6种铺层形式的层合板在单轴、双轴载荷下的失效试验数据,用以评估复合材料失效判据在单向层合板失效包线、多向层合板初始失效包线、多向层合板最终失效包线、层合板变形及层合板的破坏特性等五个方面的预测能力。并根据验证方法和有效性评估策略对失效判据计算精度进行量化考核,给出了失效判据在五个层面上的计算精度。     

A Probabilistic Re-Intepretation of Confidence Scores in Multi-Exit Models

In this paper, we propose a new approach to train a deep neural network with multiple intermediate auxiliary classifiers, branching from it. These ‘multi-exits’ models can be used to reduce the inference time by performing early exit on the intermediate branches, if the confidence of the prediction is higher than a threshold. They rely on the assumption that not all the samples require the same amount of processing to yield a good prediction. In this paper, we propose a way to train jointly all the branches of a multi-exit model without hyper-parameters, by weighting the predictions from each branch with a trained confidence score. Each confidence score is an approximation of the real one produced by the branch, and it is calculated and regularized while training the rest of the model. We evaluate our proposal on a set of image classification benchmarks, using different neural models and early-exit stopping criteria.     

分子逻辑器件研究进展

分子器件具有尺寸小、设计合成可控、存储量大、反应速度快、人工智能等诸多优点,是当今化学、物理和材料等领域研究最为重要的一个交叉领域.综述了近些年来分子逻辑器件领域的研究进展.介绍了各种类型的分子逻辑门、半(加)减法器、分子逻辑线路以及DNA分子和固态分子计算.最后提出了分子器件存在的问题并展望了其应用前景.     

将密度泛函理论计算纳入高等化学教学初探——对乙酸乙酯碱性水解机理的理论研究

使用Gaussian 09软件对乙酸乙酯碱性水解反应的机理进行了研究。本研究融合了本科教学中有机化学、物理化学和结构化学的相关知识,以乙酸乙酯水解机理为问题导向,阐述了研究和解决问题的思路和方法,探索了将第一性原理计算引入高等教育的方式。     

纳米力学进展(续)

概述2002年度在纳米力学方面的若干新进展.在纳观计算力学方面,讨论了在微结构质流演化算法、纳米结构中应变的量子效应算法、LMPM并行算法等方面的进展.在纳观实验力学范畴,着重介绍了立体刻蚀的微加载系统.然后,我们展述了在纳米晶体力学、纳米管力学和纳米压痕力学等方面的新进展.      

3D HYBRID DEPTH MIGRATION AND FOUR-WAY SPLITTING SCHEMES

The alternately directional implicit （ADI） scheme is usually used in 3D depth migration. It splits the 3D square-root operator along crossline and inline directions alternately. In this paper, based on the ideal of data line, the four-way splitting schemes and their splitting errors for the finite-difference （FD） method and the hybrid method are investigated. The wavefield extrapolation of four-way splitting scheme is accomplished on a data line and is stable unconditionally. Numerical analysis of splitting errors show that the two-way FD migration have visible numerical anisotropic errors, and that four-way FD migration has much less splitting errors than two-way FD migration has. For the hybrid method, the differences of numerical anisotropic errors between two-way scheme and four-way scheme are small in the case of lower lateral velocity variations. The schemes presented in this paper can be used in 3D post-stack or prestack depth migration. Two numerical calculations of 3D depth migration are completed. One is the four-way FD and hybrid 3D post-stack depth migration for an impulse response, which shows that the anisotropic errors can be eliminated effectively in the cases of constant and variable velocity variations. The other is the 3D shot-profile prestack depth migration for SEG/EAEG benchmark model with two-way hybrid splitting scheme, which presents good imaging results. The Message Passing Interface （MPI） programme based on shot number is adopted.     

TWO-SCALE FINITE ELEMENT DISCRETIZATIONS FOR PARTIAL DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS

Some two-scale finite element discretizations are introduced for a class of linear partialdifferential equations. Both boundary value and eigenvalue problems are studied. Basedon the two-scale error resolution techniques, several two-scale finite element algorithmsare proposed and analyzed. It is shown that this type of two-scale algorithms not onlysignificantly reduces the number of degrees of freedom but also produces very accurateapproximations.     

线性互补问题的并行多分裂松弛迭代算法

运用矩阵多重分裂理论,同时考虑并行计算与松弛迭代法,得到一类求解线性互补问题的高效数值算法．当问题的系数矩阵为对角元为正的H-矩阵或对称半正定矩阵时,证明了算法的全局收敛性；该算法与已有算法相比,具有计算量小、计算速度快等特点,因而特别适于求解大规模问题．数值试验的结果说明了算法的有效性．     

信息论教学实践的探究

分析了当前信息论教学现状,提出应对策略,论述了信息论教学实践,在教学中取得了很好效果.