Analysis and numerical solution of a piezoelectric frictional contact problem

We consider a mathematical model which describes the frictional contact between an electro-elastic–visco-plastic body and a conductive foundation. The contact is modelled with normal compliance and a version of Coulomb’s law of dry friction, in which the stiffness and the friction coefficients depend on the electric potential. We derive a variational formulation of the problem and we prove an existence and uniqueness result. The proof is based on a recent existence and uniqueness result on history-dependent quasivariational inequalities obtained in [15]. Then we introduce a fully discrete scheme for solving the problem and, under certain solution regularity assumptions, we derive an optimal order error estimate. Finally, we present some numerical results in the study of a two-dimensional test problem which describes the process of contact in a microelectromechanical switch.     

Predicting the Deformability of Expanded Polystyrene in Long-Term Compression

The interval prediction of creep strain on the basis of 15 years is carried out for slabs of expanded polystyrene (EPS) subjected to a compressive load. The expansion of the confidence interval caused by the discounted prediction information is allowed for by an additional factor. The creep compliance _c (t = 15) of the EPS is determined based on empirically estimating the long-term creep of this material subjected to a compressive stress σ _c = 0.3σ_10% for 15 years. A relationship between _c (t = 15) and EPS density in the slabs is established. __________ Translated from Mekhanika Kompozitnykh Materialov, Vol. 41, No. 5, pp. 607–618, September–October, 2005.     

慢性呼吸性酸碱平衡紊乱时肾调节能力的量化研究

在慢性呼吸性酸碱平衡紊乱研究中,引入一新的概念,即顺应性C=Δ[HCO_3^-]/ΔPaCO_2,它的变化范围大小能够描述肾调节能力的大小.为了将肾调节能力进行了量化,以X=PaCO_2为自变量,Y=C=Δ[HCO_3-]/ΔPaCO_2,它的变化范围大小能够描述肾调节能力的大小.为了将肾调节能力进行了量化,以X=PaCO_2为自变量,Y=C=Δ[HCO_3^-]/ΔPaCO_2为因变量,分别绘制出顺应性C=Δ[HCO_3-]/ΔPaCO_2为因变量,分别绘制出顺应性C=Δ[HCO_3^-]/ΔPaCO_2范围中左端点和右端点的散点图,并求出其拟合曲线方程及其变化率,这种定量方法为进一步深入研究肾的调节能力提供依据.     

Some Aspects of Designing Multirim Composite Flywheels

Approximate solutions are given for stresses in a flexible cylindrical interlayer connecting concentric, rigid, cylindrical rims subjected to three loading cases: (i) rotation about the axis of symmetry; (ii) in-plane translation of the rims relative to each other; (iii) out-of-plane rotation of the rims relative to each other. The solutions are important for the multiple filament-wound composite rims used in energy storage flywheels, where the elastomeric interlayer idea has been proposed as a means of preventing high radial tensile stresses, which would otherwise break down the rims at less than optimal speeds. The compliances associated with the second and third loading cases are also given, establishing a simple means of analysis of the critical vibration frequencies of multirim flywheel rotors.     

Adhesion and tack of polymers: Influence of mechanical properties and surface tensions

The adhesion of various polymers used as model adhesives, polyisobutylene, polyacrylates etc. has been investigated by means of an apparatus measuring the adhesive failure energyw in dependence on contact time, contact pressure, rate of separation, and temperature. The adhesive failure energy of adhesive joints formed with low contact pressure during a short contact time is called tack. After a sufficiently long contact time and with a high bonding pressure an adhesive joint exhibits its maximum energy of separationw _m .The viscoelastic properties of the model adhesives were characterized by creep experiments in dependence on time and temperature. The surface tension of the polymer adhesives and adherents could be determined by contact angle measurements. Adhesion measurements of polyisobutylene on a number of adherents were carried out in air and in various liquids in order to obtain information about the influence of surface tension on tack and maximum adhesive failure energy. w _m can be written as the product of two terms: the thermodynamic work of adhesionW _A which is related to the surface and interfacial tensions of adhesive and adherent and a dimensionless function dependent on temperature and rate of separation which describes the viscoeleastic properties of the adhesive and which obeys the rate-temperature superposition principle known from linear viscoelasticity. The tack is related to incomplete bond formation and cannot be described in the same manner. It is, however, strongly dependent on the viscoelastic properties of the adhesive showing a maximum at about 50 to 70 °C above the glass transition temperature. It is, moreover, influenced by the compliance in the plateau range above the glass transition which is determined by the entanglement network of the polymer. Wetting of the adherent by the adhesive is a further important condition for high tack values which is fulfilled if the adherent has a higher surface tension than the adhesive.     

基于扩展多尺度有限元法的含液闭孔材料拓扑优化

基于扩展多尺度有限元方法,提出了含液闭孔结构多尺度拓扑优化方法.该多尺度优化方法旨在研究含液闭孔胞元布局对整体含液闭孔结构力学性能的影响.首先针对含液闭孔结构的整体结构柔顺性问题,采用类似SIMP模型对结构的宏观粗网格等效刚度阵进行插值,建立含液闭孔结构柔顺性的拓扑优化列式;其次,针对含液闭孔材料能够利用胞体内部液体腔体积增量产生变形的特性,提出含液闭孔材料柔性机构的概念,并以结构指定位置方向输出位移为目标,建立液体体积膨胀作用下的含液闭孔柔性机构多尺度拓扑优化数学模型.论文基于自主软件平台SiPESC完成了程序研发,并通过数值算例验证了所提出的拓扑优化方法的有效性.     

下卧刚性基岩的饱和地基上基础的动力分析

采用积分变换与积分方程研究了单层饱和地基上刚性基础的竖向振动问题.首先从饱和土的动力控制方程出发,考虑混合边值条件,获得了一组描述基础振动的对偶积分方程,进而给出了单层饱和地基表面的动力柔度系数.该文的工作可视为对饱和半空间地基上基础振动解答的推广.