Experimental Investigation of the Transverse Self-Oscillations of Circular Cylinders Mounted with a Narrow Clearance in a Plane Channel

The results of an investigation of the flow past and the behavior of free bluff bodies mounted in pipes and channels with a narrow clearance, conducted in the Institute of Mechanics of Moscow State University, are presented. The drag of circular cylinders of different size and mass in a circulation-free water flow in a plane channel of rectangular cross-section was studied in the transverse self-oscillation regime. The experiments were conducted for Reynolds numbers based on the cylinder diameter 1.7 ? 10⁴ ≤ Re ≤ 7.2 ? 10⁴, relative clearances \(\bar S\) based on a cross-sectional area ranging from 0.76 to 0.9, and cylinder-to-water density ratios ρ _c /ρ ranging from 1.29 to 8.2. Only the case of intense transverse self-oscillations accompanied by impact interaction with the channel wall was considered. The dependence of the period-average cylinder drag coefficient C _x on the basic dimensionless relevant parameters is obtained. The dependence of the dimensionless self-oscillation frequency determined in [1] is refined. The kinematic and dynamic features of the flows past spheres in cylindrical pipes and cylinders in plane channels are compared in the transverse self-oscillation regime.     

Bifurcation analysis for a modified Jeffcott rotor with bearing clearances

A HB (Harmonic Balance)/AFT (Alternating Frequency/Time) technique is developed to obtain synchronous and subsynchronous whirling motions of a horizontal Jeffcott rotor with bearing clearances. The method utilizes an explicit Jacobian form for the iterative process which guarantees convergence at all parameter values. The method is shown to constitute a robust and accurate numerical scheme for the analysis of two dimensional nonlinear rotor problems. The stability analysis of the steady-state motions is obtained using perturbed equations about the periodic motions. The Floquet multipliers of the associated Monodromy matrix are determined using a new discrete HB/AFT method. Flip bifurcation boundaries were obtained which facilitated detection of possible rotor chaotic (irregular) motion as parameters of the system are changed. Quasi-periodic motion is also shown to occur as a result of a secondary Hopf bifurcation due to increase of the destabilizing cross-coupling stiffness coefficients in the rotor model.     

TOPOLOGY AND VORTEX STRUCTURES OF A CURVING TURBINE CASCADE WITH TIP CLEARANCE (Ⅱ)- TOPOLOGICAL FLOW PATTERN AND VORTEX STRUCTURE IN THE TRANSVERSE SECTION OF A BLADE CASCADE

By means of ink trace visualization of the flows in conventional straight, positively curved and negatively curved cascades with tip clearance, and measurement of the aerodynamic parameters in transverse section, and by appling topology theory, the topological structures and vortex structure in the transverse section of a blade cascade were analyzed. Compared with conventional straight cascade, blade positive curving eliminates the separation line of the upper passage vortex, and leads the secondary vortex to change from close separation to open separation, while blade negative curving effects merely the positions of singular points and the intensities and scales of vortex. Foundation items: 973 Project of China; the Doctoral Foundation of Education Ministry of China (EDAF24403003) Biography: YANG Qing-hai (1969−)     

利用 Laplace 变换确定双层厚壁长圆筒的轴对称界面碰撞压力

利用Ｌａｐｌａｃｅ变换，考虑轴对称弹性波的影响，采用特征函数展开法求解双层厚壁长圆筒受爆炸载荷作用下的轴对称弹性碰撞冲击问题，着重研究前几次碰撞冲击引起的轴对称界面碰撞压力。并对轴对称界面碰撞压力与间隙量、爆炸载荷幅值、爆炸载荷衰减系数之间的关系以及相关的动力响应作了初步的分析。     

多柔体系统碰撞动力学研究综述

多柔体系统碰撞动力学研究具有重要的研究价值和工程实际意义,本文针对多柔体系统碰撞动力学研究中的几个基本问题进行了全面的分析和评述,其中包括多柔体系统动力学方程的描述、碰撞模型的建立、铰接间隙引起的碰撞问题、数值算法、实验研究、控制等几个方面,并根据目前的发展现状和研究中存在的问题,指出了今后多柔体系统动力学碰撞研究中的发展方向      

Measurements of Tip Vortex Characteristics and the Effect of an Anti-Cavitation Lip on a Model Kaplan Turbine Blade

Motivated by the problem of cavitation erosion, the position and strength of the roll-up vortex on the suction side of a Kaplan-type turbine blade with various endings is investigated. Measurements are made on different models with simplified two-dimensional geometries using mainly particle image velocimetry. It is found that the greatest danger of cavitation erosion exists when the casing of the turbine is of the “semi-spherical” type, so that there is a large and closing clearance gap at the leading edge of the blade. Furthermore, the anti-cavitation lip used in this study is shown to be ineffective at increasing the distance of the vortex from the blade, although it does reduce the circulation of the vortex and presumably the danger of cavitation. Our measurements are found to be in good agreement with existing models for the position of the vortex when appropriately interpreted. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

多孔状挤压油膜润滑铰机构动态特性研究

对多孔状挤压油膜阻尼器控制机构间隙效应的能力进行了探索性研究。采用算例分析了多孔状挤压油膜铰对机构的动态特性的影响,同时对比分析了传统挤压油膜铰与多孔状挤压油膜铰的控制性能。结果表明,多孔状挤压油膜铰可以有效地控制机构的间隙效应,而且对控制工作条件变化较大的机构更具有可行性。     

离心叶轮机械内部流动的研究进展

随着测量技术及数值算法的不断进步,叶轮机械内部流动研究有了很多新的进展.本文就半个世纪以来离心叶轮机械内部流动的实验及数值模拟研究进行了评述,根据作者掌握的文献,着重在以下几方面展开综述:叶轮内部流动、叶顶间隙泄漏流动、扩压器内部流动及叶轮与扩压器相互作用的非稳态流动等等.文中分别阐述了国内外学者在上述流动研究方面的主要成果,指出了这些研究的特点及其不足,分析了我国在这些领域与国际水平的差距,并结合作者自己的研究工作对离心叶轮机械内流研究提出了建议.