Imprints of molecular orbitals using photoelectron angular distribution by strong laser pulses of circular polarization

We theoretically investigate the strong-field ionization of H+2 molecules in four different electronic states by calculating photoelectron angular distributions in circularly polarized fields. We find that the structure of photoelectron angular distribution depends on the molecular orbital as well as the energy of the photoelectron. The location of main lobes changes with the symmetric property of the molecular orbital. Generally, for molecules with bonding electronic states, the photoelectron's angular distribution shows a rotation of π/2 with respect to the molecular axis, while for molecules with antibonding electronic states, no rotation occurs. We use an interference scenario to interpret these phenomena. We also find that, due to the interference effect, a new pair of jets appears in the waist of the main lobes, and the main lobes or jets of the photoelectron's angular distribution are split into two parts if the photoelectron energy is sufficiently high.     

用频域法实现圆环形目标物的计数

研究了用频域法实现圆环形目标物计数的方法。对空域中含有圆环形目标物的二值图像，经傅里叶变换后在频域内进行滤波，再经傅里叶反变换后取一阈值进行处理，则对应于圆环形目标物即变为一个实心体，然后对实心体进行计数即可实现对圆环形目标物的计数。对该方法进行了数学描述，并分别用模拟图像和实际图像进行了实验。结果表明，该方法消除噪声的效果好，对部分封闭圆的检测同样有效，且可用于目标物有粘连的情况。该方法对圆环形目标物的尺寸相差不大的情况更为有效。     

柚皮素7-O-葡萄糖苷非对映异构体的NMR波谱分析

二氢黄酮糖苷化后产生的R与S构型非对映异构体在¹H NMR谱上会呈现一些差别,但文献对其差别描述非常有限.为便于利用¹H NMR谱图判断二氢黄酮糖苷的R与S构型非对映异构体,本文首先在植物药皂荚提取物中分离得到一种二氢黄酮苷-柚皮素7-O-葡萄糖苷R与S构型混合物,分析其氘代二甲亚砜（DMSO-d₆）溶液的¹H NMR、¹³C NMR、¹H-¹H COSY、¹H-¹³C HSQC和¹H-¹³C HMBC谱,对其¹H和¹³C NMR谱峰进行了归属;然后,采用手性色谱柱对该混合物进行分离,结合圆二色光谱（CD）技术确定构型;最后,为鉴别R与S构型柚皮素7-O-葡萄糖苷在¹H NMR谱中特征差别谱峰,避免葡萄糖残基质子对二氢黄酮苷元质子化学位移的影响,采集了R与S构型柚皮素7-O-葡萄糖苷及其混合物氘代乙腈（CD₃CN）溶液的NMR谱,结果显示葡萄糖残基端基质子H-1″化学位移差别最为明显,为9.4 Hz;5-位酚羟基质子化学位移差别为5.8 Hz,C环上3个质子化学位移差也较明显．     

低过模高功率微波方圆模式转换器设计

设计了一种结构简单的高功率微波方圆模式转换器,可以实现圆波导TM01模式与矩形波导TE10模式之间的相互转换。转换器工作在C波段,中心频率4.1 GHz,其输入端口和输出端口相互垂直。计算和仿真结果表明:中心频率处该模式转换器的转换效率可达99%,回波损耗小于-20 dB,转换效率大于90%的带宽大于0.2 GHz。转换器整体3维尺寸都只有10 cm左右。     

光自旋霍尔效应中横移的影响因素研究

研究了光束在空气与电介质分界面传输产生的自旋霍尔效应,揭示了光束重心横移分别与偏振态、折射率差以及入射角三者之间的定性关系.研究发现各光场横移都随偏振参量增大而增大,左、右旋椭圆偏振光的横移等值反向,圆偏振态下的横移比椭圆偏振态下的横移大.改变折射率差的大小,反射光横移随折射率差的增大而减小,但当折射率差接近零时,反射...     

多功能向心力测量转台

多功能向心力测量转台应用控制变量法,实现对向心力规律的全面定量探究;也可用于"弯道受力分析、滚桶脱水、柱形墙内的水平圆周运动、法拉第电磁感应定律"等典型物理问题的教学.装置采用变频电源驱动同步电动机的方式来实现匀速转动,调速和计速一步到位,无需电磁或光电门测速装置;利用手持电子秤代替弹簧秤或拉力传感器,从而免去了DIS...     

Galactic Metrics

The paths of stars in galaxies have circular velocity independent of their distance from the centre of the galaxy. Newtonian mechanics with a logarithmic potential has such paths. In relativity these paths can be taken to be geodesics and this requirement places a restricting equation on the spacetime metric. This equation has a non-unique spherically symmetric solution that in the Newtonian limit has a logarithmic potential. It also can be solved in terms of a conformal factor. In particular it has solutions which are conformal to the vacuum-Einstein solutions and such spacetimes are solutions to the vacuum-Bach equations. Therefore it is suggested that the Bach equations describe dynamics on galactic length scales.     

振动系统的模态分析实验设计

利用模态分析原理和简单试验仪器，得到了直观的悬臂梁和圆盘前4阶模态振型，使学生熟悉了模态分析原理和测试方法，有利于学生对振动规律的理解．     

Spin-polarization and x-ray magnetic circular dichroism in GaAs

The combination of angular spin momentum with electronics is a promising successor to charge-based electronics. The conduction bands in GaAs may become spin-polarized via optical spin pumping, doping with magnetic ions, or induction of a moment with an external magnetic field. We investigated the spin populations in GaAs with x-ray magnetic circular dichroism for each of these three cases. We find strong anti-symmetric lineshapes at the Ga L₃ edge indicating conduction band spin splitting, with differences in line width and amplitude depending on the source of spin polarization.     

极紫外波段微通道板光子计数探测器

研究了一种极紫外波段微通道板（MCP）光子计数探测器,用于探测地球等离子体层中极微弱的30.4 nm辐射。通过改变电压、温度等参数对比了该微通道板光子计数探测器的暗噪声和分辨率的变化。结果表明：微通道板探测器的暗噪声主要来源于残余气体离子反馈和热噪声,因此要降低探测器暗噪声,应对微通道进行彻底的预处理除气,并尽量避免探测器在高温状态下工作,常温下经过预处理的微通道板光子探测系统的暗计数率仅为0.34 count/（s.cm2）。系统的分辨率主要受电压和计数率的影响,受温度影响不明显。由于不同的微通道板有不同的耐压范围,过小或过大的电压或计数率都会造成系统分辨率的降低。