含浸P204胶囊的芯材缓释与功能性研究

对于含浸10个碳以上双链型表面活性剂的微胶囊体系,已得到了受温度、电场、pH值、化学反应及光控制的功能性胶囊~[1～3].功能性胶囊对芯材的缓释及控制释放作用,在医药、生化等方面的应用具有广阔的前景.但是一般认为对于含浸的双键型表面活性剂的较短链链长不能小于10个碳,对含浸链长小于10个碳的表面活性剂的功能性微胶囊体系未见报道.     

A hexagonal columnar packing structure of C7 symmetric supramolecules: a superstructure of a 2:3 complex of heptakis‐(6‐O‐tert‐butyldimethylsilyl)‐β‐cyclodextrin and ethyl acetate

The recrystallization of Heptakis[6‐O‐tert ‐butyldimethylsilyl)]‐β ‐cyclodextrin ( 1 ) from ethyl acetate gave single crystals of 1 ₂·(ethyl acetate)₃ complex. The superstructure of 1₂·(ethyl acetate)₃ complex was investigated by ¹H NMR spectroscopy, molecular modeling, and single crystal/powder X‐ray diffractions. Encapsulation of ethyl acetate molecules with 1 and a unique hexagonal columnar superstructure in its crystal were found. (© 2006 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)     

Identification of absorbed constituents and metabolites in rat plasma after oral administration of Shen‐Song‐Yang‐Xin using ultra‐performance liquid chromatography combined with quadrupole time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry

In this study, a rapid and sensitive method by ultra‐performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry, and Metabolynx^TM software with mass defect filter technique was developed for screening and identification of the metabolites in rat plasma after oral administration of Shen‐Song‐Yang‐Xin capsule (SSYX). A total of 92 SSYX‐related xenobiotics were identified or characterized, including 45 prototypes and 47 metabolites. The results indicated that the absorbed constituents and metabolites mainly came from benzocyclooctadiene lignans, tanshinones, isoquinoline alkaloids and triterpenic acids, while phase I reactions (e.g. hydrogenation, hydroxylation, demethylation) and phase II reaction (glucuronidation) were the main metabolic pathways of these ingredients in SSYX. This is the first study on metabolic profiling of SSYX in rat plasma after oral administration. Furthermore, these findings provide useful information on the potential bioactive compounds, and enhance our understanding of the action mechanism of SSYX. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

毛细管X光透镜共聚焦微束X射线荧光技术在胶囊类药品分析中的应用

为了对胶囊类药品进行无损分析鉴别,利用两个多毛细管X光透镜搭建了共聚焦微束X射线荧光谱仪,两个处在共聚焦状态的透镜形成共聚焦微元,探测器只能探测到来自该共聚焦微元中的X射线信号,这有利于分别对胶囊壳和其内部药物进行原位无损元素分析,从而辨别它们的种类。分析了4种胶囊类药品对应的X射线荧光谱特征,从荧光谱图上可以看出不同胶囊类药品有不同的X射线荧光谱,对应不同的元素组成,所以可以利用胶囊内部药物对应的X射线荧光谱鉴别胶囊类药品的种类。实验证明,利用共聚焦微束X射线荧光技术可以在不破坏胶囊壳的情况下对胶囊类样品进行无损原位分析,该技术在胶囊类药品种类和真伪鉴别中具有潜在应用价值。     

PAMS微球制备过程中电解质的影响

为调控固化过程中双重乳液内径的变化和降低聚-α-甲基苯乙烯(PAMS)微球的表面粗糙度,研究了双重乳液固化过程中内外水相中电解质浓度对水在油相液膜中迁移和分相行为的影响。结果表明:仅在外水相中添加电解质时,内水相的渗透压高于外水相,使得内相水向外水相迁移,导致固化后的微球表面起皱。当在内外水相同时添加电解质时,由于平衡了三相之间水的化学势,抑制了水在油相液膜中的迁移和分相,导致PAMS微球壳壁内气泡体积和数量显著降低。同时,在内外水相中同时添加不同浓度的电解质,还可显著改善双重乳液三相之间的密度匹配度,从而提高微球的球形度和壁厚均匀性。     

Morphology and Phase Composition ofGelatin-Starch Blends简

Morphology and phase compositions of different starch-gelatin blends were investigated by various microscopes: optical, SEM and synchrotron FTIR microscopy. A high amylose(80%) corn starch, grafted with hydroxypropyl to enhance flexibilty and hydrophilicity, and plasticized by poly(ethylene glycol)(PEG), was used in this work. SEM revealed that the surface became smoother after adding PEG. Optical microscopy observation revealed that compatibility between gelatin and starch was improved by adding PEG. An FTIR beam focused on a 5 μm× 5 μm detection area by the micro-spectroscope was used to map chemical composition. The ratio of areas of the saccharide bands(1180–953 cm 1) and the amide I and II bands(1750–1483 cm 1) was used to monitor the relative distributions of the two components in the blends. The FTIR maps indicated that gelatin constituted the continuous phase up to 80% of starch content. All of the FTIR spectra showed contributions from both starch and gelatin absorptions, therefore indicating that complete demixing with pure starch and gelatin domains did not occur. The PEG improved the compatibility of the gelatin-starch blends.     

Impact of vacuum degree on the aerodynamics of a high-speed train capsule running in a tube

Motivated by the growing scientific and engineering interest in evacuated tube railway transportation systems, in this paper we numerically study the influence of the vacuum degree on the flow field around a train capsule running in an evacuated tube with circular section. The vacuum degree is increased by lowering the nominal pressure inside the tube. The numerical simulations are fully verified by wind-tunnel experimental data of supersonic flows around a blunt body and in a scramjet combustion chamber, as well as by several numerical results in other related studies. The flow around the train capsule is characterized by a compression region in front of the train, a chocked flow near the train, and a complex highly unsteady region behind the train, where expansions waves and reflecting oblique shock waves exist. The total aerodynamic drag and the vacuum degree are found to be linearly related, revealing that lowering the nominal pressure can have a significantly beneficial effect on the aerodynamic performance of the train capsule. The aerodynamic heating due to compressibility effects and the increased pressure are more prominent along the centreline of the tube than on the tube wall. As the vacuum degree increases, the temperature and pressure differences between the front and the tail of the train and the intensity of the reflected shock waves become less significant, so that the extension of the expansion region in the train wake shortens.     

低压载人试验舱复压系统的气动特性计算和声学设计

随着我国高山医学和航空航天生物学研究的发展，低压舱的设计与建造已提到了议事日程。低压载人试验舱要为科学家提供合适的低压条件，同时又要为乘员创造必要的工作生活环境包括声学环境，本文介绍低压舱舱内气动状态的计算方法和复压系统的声学设计，并给出计算实例。     

Adsorptive stripping voltammetric determination of the anti-inflammatory drug tolmetin in bulk form, pharmaceutical formulation and human serum

The electro-reduction of tolmetin at the hanging mercury drop electrode was studied in different supporting electrolytes using cyclic voltammetry and square-wave stripping voltammetry techniques. Voltammograms of tolmetin exhibited a single well-defined 2-electron irreversible cathodic peak in media of pH < 4, which may be attributed to reduction of the >C=O double bond of the analyte molecule. Adsorption of tolmetin onto the surface of the hanging mercury electrode was identified and each adsorbed tolmetin molecule was found to occupy an area of 0.23 nm². A square-wave adsorptive cathodic stripping voltammetric procedure was described for the direct determination of tolmetin in bulk form and pharmaceutical formulation (Rumatol® capsules) with a limit of quantitation of 2 × 10^?9 M and a mean percentage recovery of 98.35 ± 1.21% to 99.57 ± 1.23. Moreover, the described procedure was successfully applied for the direct assay of tolmetin in spiked human serum without pretreatment or extraction prior to the analysis while a quantitation limit of 5 × 10^?9 M tolmetin was achieved.