Symmetry and the golden ratio in the analysis of a regular pentagon

The regular pentagon had a symbolic meaning in the Pythagorean and Platonic philosophies and a subsequent important role in Western thought, appearing also in arts and architecture. A property of regular pentagons, which was probably discovered by the Pythagoreans, is that the ratio between the diagonal and the side of these pentagons is equal to the golden ratio. Here, we will study some relations existing between a regular pentagon and this ratio. First, we will focus on the group of fivefold rotational symmetry, to find the position in the complex plane of the vertices of this geometric figure. Then, we will propose an analytic method to solve the same problem based on the Cartesian coordinates, a method where we find the golden ratio without any specific geometric consideration. This study shows a comparison of the use of complex numbers, symmetries and analytic methods, applied to a subject which can be interesting for general education in mathematics. In fact, the proposed approach can convey and link several concepts, requiring only a general pre-college education, showing at the same time the richness that mathematics can offer in solving geometric problems.     

Dynamic investigation of triangles inscribed in a circle,which tend to an equilateral triangle

We present a geometrical investigation of the process of creating an infinite sequence of triangles inscribed in a circle, whose areas, perimeters and lengths of radii of the inscribed circles tend to a limit in a monotonous manner.

First, using geometrical software, we investigate four theorems that represent interesting geometrical properties, after which we present formal proofs that rest on a combination between different fields of mathematics: trigonometry, algebra and geometry, and the use of the concept of standard deviation that is taken from statistics.     

基于模糊灰色新陈代谢FGM(1,1)模型预测及应用探讨

巷道围岩变形是煤矿开采普遍存在的问题,巷道开挖过程中围岩会出现破裂现象.主要探讨模糊灰色系统的深部巷道围岩变形预测模型及应用,通过分析模糊数学理论、灰色理论,给出模糊灰色系统预测新陈代谢模型.     

非确定结构系统区间分析的泛灰求解方法

工程中的不确定性问题可以用区间分析、概率理论或模糊理论来求解。采用泛灰区间分析法来处理结构静力分析和设计中的不确定性问题。将结构系统中的不确定性参数用区间数来表示，用有限元法建立系统的控制方程。该控制方程是线性区间方程组。然后，在概述泛灰数的概念及其运算规则的基础上，介绍了泛灰数与区间数的转化，利用泛灰数的可扩展性对区间进行分析，研究了泛灰线性方程求解，然后将它应用于结构静力分析和设计中的不确定性问题，泛灰数不仅具有区间分析的功能，而且能解决区间分析所不能解决的问题。文中给出了两个算例，列出了本文算法与其他算法的结果比较。     

求解转子系统突加不平衡响应方法的研究

本文提出并研究了用传递函数分析法求转子系统的突加不平衡响应,讨论了求这一响应的最佳数值积分方法。用本文提出的理论解方法及三种常用的数值积分法:尤拉后差法,纽马克法,及呼伯特法,对一模型转子算例进行了分析计算,结果表明;尤拉后差法最适用于求转子系统的突加不平衡响应。本文提出的传递函数分析法,可以和试验模态分析方法相结合,以求解复杂转子系统的突加不平衡响应。     

现代力学中的现代数学方法

本文简要介绍了力学与数学再次结合趋势的历史背景和现状。根据当代科学技术向力学提出的问题,简要综述了现代力学所涉及的现代数学领域和方法.     

Large deviation theory for a homogenized and “corrected” elliptic ODE

We study a one-dimensional elliptic problem with highly oscillatory random diffusion coefficient. We derive a homogenized solution and a so-called Gaussian corrector. We also prove a “pointwise” large deviation principle (LDP) for the full solution and approximate this LDP with a more tractable form. Applications to uncertainty quantification are considered.     

Reinventing the formal definition of limit: The case of Amy and Mike

Relatively little is known about how students come to reason coherently about the formal definition of limit. While some have conjectured how students might think about limits formally, there is insufficient empirical evidence of students making sense of the conventional ?-δ definition. This paper provides a detailed account of a teaching experiment designed to produce such empirical data. In a ten-week teaching experiment, two students, neither of whom had previously seen the conventional ?-δ definition of limit, reinvented a formal definition of limit capturing the intended meaning of the conventional definition. This paper focuses on the evolution of the students’ definition, and serves not only as an existence proof that students can reinvent a coherent definition of limit, but also as an illustration of how students might reason as they reinvent such a definition.     

高等数学多媒体课堂教学浅议

从使用多媒体讲授高等数学的经验出发,分析高等数学教学中应用多媒体教学手段的优势,同时给出在多媒体教学条件下进一步提高教学效果的几点建议,指出教师必须用现代化的教学思想为指导,综合运用各种教学手段提高高等数学教学效果,适应现代化教学的发展.     

高等数学求极限教学的一些建议

分析极限教学中出现的一些问题,并给出相应建议．