全文获取类型
收费全文 | 988篇 |
免费 | 330篇 |
国内免费 | 182篇 |
专业分类
化学 | 788篇 |
晶体学 | 31篇 |
力学 | 34篇 |
综合类 | 11篇 |
数学 | 9篇 |
物理学 | 627篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 4篇 |
2023年 | 7篇 |
2022年 | 18篇 |
2021年 | 31篇 |
2020年 | 45篇 |
2019年 | 29篇 |
2018年 | 22篇 |
2017年 | 56篇 |
2016年 | 55篇 |
2015年 | 35篇 |
2014年 | 37篇 |
2013年 | 128篇 |
2012年 | 80篇 |
2011年 | 71篇 |
2010年 | 52篇 |
2009年 | 55篇 |
2008年 | 74篇 |
2007年 | 73篇 |
2006年 | 76篇 |
2005年 | 56篇 |
2004年 | 49篇 |
2003年 | 52篇 |
2002年 | 63篇 |
2001年 | 53篇 |
2000年 | 51篇 |
1999年 | 40篇 |
1998年 | 23篇 |
1997年 | 30篇 |
1996年 | 22篇 |
1995年 | 21篇 |
1994年 | 23篇 |
1993年 | 18篇 |
1992年 | 9篇 |
1991年 | 7篇 |
1990年 | 7篇 |
1989年 | 8篇 |
1988年 | 6篇 |
1987年 | 3篇 |
1985年 | 1篇 |
1984年 | 3篇 |
1983年 | 2篇 |
1982年 | 2篇 |
1981年 | 2篇 |
1957年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有1500条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
141.
对熔体急冷法制备的Fe43Co43Hf7B6Cu1非晶合金进行了200,300,400和500 ℃保温30 min的退火处理,用正电子湮没寿命谱、X射线衍射、穆斯堡尔谱等方法研究了退火后试样的结构及结构缺陷变化.结果表明,在非晶合金的制备态,正电子主要在非晶基体相空位尺寸的自由体积中湮没,湮没寿命τ1为158.4 ps,强度I1关键词:
43Co43Hf7B6Cu1非晶')" href="#">Fe43Co43Hf7B6Cu1非晶
退火处理
正电子湮没寿命
结构与结构缺陷 相似文献
142.
研究了过滤阴极真空电弧技术中,不同的磁过滤器电流下(5—13 A),制备的四面体非晶碳(ta-C)薄膜对摩擦学特性的影响.通过对薄膜厚度,薄膜结构以及薄膜表面粗糙度随磁过滤电流的变化结果进行了测试,结果表明,随着磁过滤器电流的增大,薄膜的sp3键含量逐渐减少,表面粗糙度从0.13增大到0.38.磁过滤器电流在5 A时,薄膜的摩擦系数最小约为0.08,当电流增大到7 A时,摩擦系数显著增大,磁过滤器电流从7 A增大到13 A时,薄膜的摩擦系数再次减小约为0.1.
关键词:
四面体非晶碳
过滤阴极真空电弧
磁过滤器电流
摩擦系数 相似文献
143.
Jasmin J. Thevaril 《Solid State Communications》2011,151(9):730-733
We aim to explore the role that conduction band tail states play in shaping the optical response of hydrogenated amorphous silicon. We do so within the framework of an empirical model for the valence band and conduction band density of states functions, one that considers valence band band, valence band tail, conduction band band, and conduction band tail states. We examine the sensitivity of the joint density of states function to variations in the conduction band tail breadth, all other parameters being held fixed at their nominal hydrogenated amorphous silicon values. We find that when the conduction band tail is narrower than the valence band tail, its role in shaping the corresponding spectral dependence of the joint density of states function is relatively minor. This justifies the use of a simplified empirical model for the density of states functions that neglects the presence of the conduction band tail states in the characterization of the optical response of this material. Experimental data corresponding to hydrogenated amorphous silicon, demonstrating that the conduction band tail breadth is always less than the valence band tail breadth for this material, is then presented. Finally, fundamental reasons for the observed asymmetry in the band tail breadths are reviewed. 相似文献
144.
Karger-Kocsis J. Shang P. P. Moskala E. J. 《Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry》1999,55(1):21-28
The tensile loading-induced necking in notched specimens of an amorphous copolyester (aCOP) was studied by modulated differential
scanning calorimetry (MDSC). It was shown that necking occurred by cold drawing since the enthalpy of cold crystallization
and that of the subsequent melting agreed fairly with each other. Increasing deformation in the necking zone and increasing
deformation rate of the specimens shifted the onset of cold crystallization toward lower temperatures and yielded a slightly
higher glass transition temperature (Tg). This was attributed to the molecular orientation caused by mechanical loading. The finding that the melting contained a
non-reversing part was considered as appearance of possible microcrystallinity. The Tg range was strongly influenced by the deformation rate and reflects the thermomechanical history of the samples accordingly.
This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
145.
Analysis of the out-of-phase modulated photocurrent (MPC) signal, the so-called Y signal, is proposed for determining the trapping–detrapping events, recombination processes and gap-state parameters in amorphous silicon. This is demonstrated by analysing experimental Y spectra obtained on this material from different laboratories including our own. Model simulations are also employed in which the amphoteric nature of the dangling bonds and their distribution according to the defect-pool model are taken into account. From the reconstruction of the Y signal, phase shift and MPC amplitude spectra, several contributions resolved from the frequency dependence of the experimental Y spectra are identified. Two electron trapping–detrapping processes are resolved. These are attributed to hydrogen-related positive defects and to transitions involving the D+/0 level of the normal dangling bonds from the defect-pool distribution. At lower frequencies a residual contribution is resolved that is attributed to a term related to recombination through the D+/0 and D0/? levels. Between 300 and 150?K the above recombination contribution is essentially from the D0/? and dominates the Y signal at lower frequencies. In this region a characteristic phase lead appears, which is attributed to the existence of safe hole traps in the valence band tail. Around 150?K, trapping–detrapping events in the conduction band tail dominate. 相似文献
146.
147.
K L Narasimhan 《Pramana》1990,34(6):561-563
In this paper, we show that the Meyer-Neldel rule can be satisfactorily explained by the temperature dependence of the fermi
level. We argue that the universality of the Meyer-Neldel rule can be explained by the fact that the dangling bond is the
dominant defect in amorphous silicon. 相似文献
148.
Jianguo Tang Cynthia K. S. Lee Laurence A. Belfiore 《Journal of Polymer Science.Polymer Physics》2003,41(18):2200-2213
Binary mixtures of poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) with the trichloride hydrates of lanthanum, cerium, europium, terbium, and ytterbium have been studied with calorimetry, polarized optical microscopy, and infrared spectroscopy. Melting‐point depression of the PEO‐rich phase occurs in all cases. At sufficiently high concentrations of the low molecular weight lanthanide complex, crystallization of the polymer is absent. The lighter lanthanides with larger ionic radii, such as lanthanum and cerium, are more effective in suppressing PEO crystallization from solution or the molten state because they are more oxophilic. The spherulitic superstructure of PEO disappears at rather low concentrations of the lanthanide salts, between 2 and 8 mol % Ln3+. Lanthanum and terbium are most efficient at disrupting the formation of PEO spherulites, and europium is least efficient. Infrared spectroscopy identifies twisting and wagging vibrational absorptions of CH2 groups in the polymer that are sensitive to the morphologies of these mixtures. Modifications of the PEO infrared absorbances in the presence of these five lanthanide salts correlate more closely with the presence or absence of major PEO melting, not the formation of a spherulitic superstructure. The phase behavior is rather simple, with no evidence of eutectic solidification upon cooling from the molten state. Multiple melting endotherms are observed in the differential scanning calorimetry heating traces of binary mixtures containing 8 mol % Yb3+ and between 10 and 20 mol % Eu3+, but the concentration dependence of these first‐order endothermic transitions is not characteristic of eutectic phase behavior. The presence of trivalent cations, such as Eu3+ or Yb3+, in these complexes perturbs the crystallization kinetics of PEO upon cooling from the molten state, as well as the melting behavior upon heating. Ion–dipole or electrostatic interactions between the lanthanide cation and the ether oxygen of PEO might alter the surface free energy at the periphery of the crystalline lamellae and perturb the chain‐folding characteristics of PEO. Consequently, coupling between the amorphous matrix and the PEO crystallites is strengthened, and this provides stability for the existence of multiple‐chain‐folded crystals composed of rather thin lamellae that could be responsible for multiple melting behavior. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 41: 2200–2213, 2003 相似文献
150.
The temperature dependence of the mean size of nanoscale free‐volume holes, 〈Vh〉, in polymer blend system consisting of polar and nonpolar polymers has been investigated. The positron lifetime spectra were measured for a series of polymer blends between polyethylene (PE) and nitrile butadiene rubber (NBR) as a function of temperature from 100 to 300 K. The glass transition temperatures (Tg) for blends were determined from the ortho‐positronium (o‐Ps) lifetime τ3 and the mean size of free‐volume holes 〈Vh〉 versus temperature as a function of wt % of NBR. The Tgs estimated from the PALS data agree very well with those estimated from DSC in view of different time scales involved in the two measurements. Both DSC and PALS results for the blends showed two clear Tgs of a two‐phase system. Furthermore, from the variation of thermal expansivity of the nanoscale free‐volume holes, the thermal expansion coefficients of glass and amorphous phases were estimated. Variations of the o‐Ps formation probability I3 versus temperature for pure PE and blends with low wt % of NBR were interpreted on the basis of the spur reaction model of Ps formation with reference to the effects of localized electrons and trapping centers produced by positron irradiation. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 47: 227–238, 2009 相似文献