全文获取类型
收费全文 | 815篇 |
免费 | 25篇 |
国内免费 | 59篇 |
专业分类
化学 | 236篇 |
晶体学 | 3篇 |
力学 | 91篇 |
数学 | 357篇 |
物理学 | 212篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 2篇 |
2023年 | 13篇 |
2022年 | 9篇 |
2021年 | 12篇 |
2020年 | 17篇 |
2019年 | 11篇 |
2018年 | 14篇 |
2017年 | 15篇 |
2016年 | 12篇 |
2015年 | 25篇 |
2014年 | 36篇 |
2013年 | 70篇 |
2012年 | 25篇 |
2011年 | 39篇 |
2010年 | 41篇 |
2009年 | 63篇 |
2008年 | 55篇 |
2007年 | 63篇 |
2006年 | 50篇 |
2005年 | 39篇 |
2004年 | 42篇 |
2003年 | 30篇 |
2002年 | 23篇 |
2001年 | 19篇 |
2000年 | 20篇 |
1999年 | 33篇 |
1998年 | 17篇 |
1997年 | 17篇 |
1996年 | 11篇 |
1995年 | 8篇 |
1994年 | 7篇 |
1993年 | 6篇 |
1992年 | 7篇 |
1991年 | 4篇 |
1990年 | 5篇 |
1989年 | 3篇 |
1988年 | 7篇 |
1987年 | 8篇 |
1986年 | 7篇 |
1985年 | 2篇 |
1984年 | 5篇 |
1983年 | 3篇 |
1982年 | 1篇 |
1981年 | 1篇 |
1979年 | 1篇 |
1970年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有899条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
121.
122.
Abstract Queueing systems with catastrophes and state-dependent arrival and service rates are considered. For two types of queueing systems namely, queues with discouraged arrivals and infinite server queue, explicit expressions for the transient probabilities of system size are obtained by using continued fractions technique. Some system performance measures and steady-state probabilities are studied. The effect of system parameters on system size probabilities are also illustrated numerically. It is observed that the steady-state probabilities differ when catastrophes are present, while they are identical in the absence of catastrophes. 相似文献
123.
P. R. Parthasarathy 《随机分析与应用》2013,31(2):185-196
Associated with an ordered sequence of an even number 2N of positive real numbers is a birth and death process (BDP) on {0, 1, 2,…, N} having these real numbers as its birth and death rates. We generate another birth and death process from this BDP on {0, 1, 2,…, 2N}. This can be further iterated. We illustrate with an example from tan(kz). In BDP, the decay parameter, viz., the largest non-zero eigenvalue is important in the study of convergence to stationarity. In this article, the smallest eigenvalue is found to be useful. 相似文献
124.
Purpose
The purpose of this study was to compare histologically determined cellularity and extracellular space to dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE MRI)-based maps of a two-compartment model's parameters describing tumor contrast agent extravasation, specifically tumor extravascular extracellular space (EES) volume fraction (ve), tumor plasma volume fraction (vp) and volume-normalized contrast agent transfer rate between tumor plasma and interstitium (KTRANS/VT).Materials and Methods
Obtained ve, vp and KTRANS/VT maps were estimated from gadolinium diethylenetriamine penta-acetic acid DCE T1-weighted gradient-echo images at resolutions of 469, 938 and 2500 μm. These parameter maps were compared at each resolution to histologically determined tumor type, and the high-resolution 469-μm maps were compared with automated cell counting using Otsu's method and a color-thresholding method for estimated intracellular (Vintracellular) and extracellular (Vextracellular) space fractions.Results
The top five KTRANS/VT values obtained from each tumor at 469 and 938 μm resolutions are significantly different from those obtained at 2500 μm (P<.0001) and from one another (P=.0014). Using these top five KTRANS/VT values and the corresponding tumor EES volume fractions ve, we can statistically differentiate invasive ductal carcinomas from noninvasive papillary carcinomas for the 469- and 938-μm resolutions (P=.0017 and P=.0047, respectively), but not for the 2500-μm resolution (P=.9008). The color-thresholding method demonstrated that ve measured by DCE MRI is statistically similar to histologically determined EES. The Vextracellular obtained from the color-thresholding method was statistically similar to the ve measured with DCE MRI for the top 10 KTRANS/VT values (P>.05). DCE MRI-based KTRANS/VT estimates are not statistically correlated with histologically determined cellularity.Conclusion
DCE MRI estimates of tumor physiology are a limited representation of tumor histological features. Extracellular spaces measured by both DCE MRI and microscopic analysis are statistically similar. Tumor typing by DCE MRI is spatial resolution dependent, as lower resolutions average out contributions to voxel-based estimates of KTRANS/VT. Thus, an appropriate resolution window is essential for DCE MRI tumor diagnosis. Within this resolution window, the top KTRANS/VT values with corresponding ve are diagnostic for the tumor types analyzed in this study. 相似文献125.
We study the mean square of the error term of the mean value for binary Egyptian fractions.We get an asymptotic formula under the Riemann Hypothesis. 相似文献
126.
《Journal of Pure and Applied Algebra》2019,223(12):5147-5162
We establish conditions giving the existence of bipullbacks in bicategories of fractions. We apply our results to construct a - exact sequence associated with a fractor between groupoids internal to a pointed exact category. 相似文献
127.
《International Journal of Solids and Structures》2014,51(21-22):3633-3641
This paper focuses on the development of an algorithm capable of generating morphologically-representative foam structures using the Representative Volume Element (RVE) approach. Stereology, a sampling method based on direct observations of the foam cross-sections, is used to characterize the pore size and shape distributions. Using the morphology generation algorithm, the smallest RVEs corresponding to the numerically-convergent foam morphologies are calculated for different foam porosities. To validate the foam generation algorithm, the pore size and shape distributions of the numerically-generated foams are compared to those of the titanium foams manufactured by the space holder method. 相似文献
128.
ABSTRACTWe consider a certain family of CIFSs of the generalized complex continued fractions with a complex parameter space. We show that for each CIFS of the family, the Hausdorff measure of the limit set of the CIFS with respect to the Hausdorff dimension is zero and the packing measure of the limit set of the CIFS with respect to the Hausdorff dimension is positive (main result). This is a new phenomenon of infinite CIFSs which cannot hold in finite CIFSs. We prove the main result by showing some estimates for the unique conformal measure of each CIFS of the family and by using some geometric observations. 相似文献
129.
A higher‐order unsplit 2D direct Eulerian finite volume method for two‐material compressible flows based on the MOOD paradigms
下载免费PDF全文
![点击此处可从《国际流体数值方法杂志》网站下载免费的PDF全文](/ch/ext_images/free.gif)
A higher‐order unsplit multi‐dimensional discretization of the diffuse interface model for two‐material compressible flows proposed by R. Saurel, F. Petitpas and R. A. Berry in 2009 is developed. The proposed higher‐order method is based on the concepts of the Multidimensional Optimal Order Detection (MOOD) method introduced in three recent papers for single‐material flows. The first‐order unsplit multi‐dimensional Finite Volume discretization presented by SPB serves as foundation for the development of the higher‐order unlimited schemes. Specific detection criteria along with a novel decrementing algorithm for the MOOD method are designed in order to deal with the complexity of multi‐material flows. Numerically, we compare errors and computational times on several 1D problems (stringent shock tube and cavitation problems) computed on 2D meshes with the second‐ and fourth‐order MOOD methods using a classical MUSCL method as reference. Several simulations of a 2D shocked R22 bubble in the air are also presented on Cartesian and unstructured meshes with the second‐ and fourth‐order MOOD methods, and qualitative comparisons confirm the conclusions obtained with 1D problems. These numerical results demonstrate the robustness of the MOOD approach and the interest of using more than second‐order methods even for locally singular solutions of complex physics models. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
130.
《Surface and interface analysis : SIA》2018,50(2):212-219
We study the H and H− survival probabilities during collisions with Cu(100) and Cu(111) surfaces, at energies ranging from 0.5 to 5 keV and exit angles ranging from 20° to 90°. Calculations are performed with the Wave‐Packet Propagation method adapted to ion‐surface interactions. The projectile survival probability depends on the perpendicular velocity and the copper face being investigated. Projectile's interaction time with the surface and the distance of closest approach are important factors that influence the survival. The H− survival on Cu(100) is much smaller than on Cu(111) but only at low velocities, while becoming higher or comparable to Cu(111) for higher velocities. For very fast collisions, the copper surface behaves like a jellium, and the electron involved in charge transfer does not “feel” the particularities of the surface band structure anymore. While the H survival on Cu(100) seems to not depend on energy and exit angle, the H survival on Cu(111) is both energy and angle dependent, and it is smaller. The study of partial density of states indicates that strong atom‐surface interactions at short distances and the role played by surface states are important factors in determining the neutral fractions obtained after scattering. 相似文献