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31.
大型舰船受到水中兵器的巨大威胁,尤其是在水下接触爆炸情况下,船体结构将产生严重的局部毁伤,给舰船的战斗力乃至生命力带来严峻挑战。本文以大型舰船水下防护结构为研究对象,简要概述了各国海军大型舰船水下防护结构形式的发展历程,分析了水下接触爆炸下的毁伤载荷以及对舷侧多舱防护结构的毁伤机理,总结了基于具体结构和不同毁伤元的防护措施;并针对目前的研究现状,提出了有待进一步研究的问题。以期为舰船的水下防护设计提供参考,从而提高我国大型舰船的结构抗毁伤能力
相似文献32.
为深入研究内爆加载下岩土类材料的破坏机理,提出了一种新的爆炸裂纹检测算法,采用数字图像相关方法测量表面位移场和应变场,建立了裂纹扩展和扩张模型,并通过混凝土内爆试验观测裂纹扩展过程,研究了裂纹长度扩展与宽度扩张规律。结果表明,裂纹长度扩展是应力波和爆生气体共同作用的结果,裂纹最大扩展速度为225.95 m/s,平均速度为122.27 m/s,裂纹总长159.92 mm,长度扩展止于1.75 ms;裂纹的张开由气体主导,最大宽度1.59 mm,作用时间长达4.5 ms;拉应变集中区先于裂纹出现,其形状决定了裂纹的走向和趋势,爆炸加载下断裂过程区长度为骨料粒径的8~9倍。
相似文献33.
In Vitro Evaluation of Curcumin Encapsulation in Gum Arabic Dispersions under Different Environments
Dwi Hudiyanti Muhammad Fuad Al Khafiz Khairul Anam Parsaoran Siahaan Sherllyn Meida Christa 《Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)》2022,27(12)
Biopolymers, especially polysaccharides (e.g., gum Arabic), are widely applied as drug carriers in drug delivery systems due to their advantages. Curcumin, with high antioxidant ability but limited solubility and bioavailability in the body, can be encapsulated in gum Arabic to improve its solubility and bioavailability. When curcumin is encapsulated in gum Arabic, it is essential to understand how it works in various conditions. As a result, in Simulated Intestinal Fluid and Simulated Gastric Fluid conditions, we investigated the potential of gum Arabic as the drug carrier of curcumin. This study was conducted by varying the gum Arabic concentrations, i.e., 5, 10, 15, 20, 30, and 40%, to encapsulate 0.1 mg/mL of curcumin. Under both conditions, the greater the gum Arabic concentration, the greater the encapsulation efficiency and antioxidant activity of curcumin, but the worse the gum Arabic loading capacity. To achieve excellent encapsulation efficiency, loading capacity, and antioxidant activity, the data advises that 10% is the best feasible gum Arabic concentration. Regarding the antioxidant activity of curcumin, the findings imply that a high concentration of gum Arabic was effective, and the Simulated Intestinal Fluid brought an excellent surrounding compared to the Simulated Gastric Fluid solution. Moreover, the gum Arabic releases curcumin faster in the Simulated Gastric Fluid condition. 相似文献
34.
35.
Erqiang Liu Jianguo Wu Huaying Li Haitao Liu Guanghui Zhao Lingyu Kong Jinbao Lin Gesheng Xiao You Jia 《Journal of polymer science. Part A, Polymer chemistry》2021,59(5):451-461
Instrumented indentation tests using both constant loading rate (CLR) and continuous stiffness measurement (CSM) operation modes were performed to investigate the deformation mechanism and their sensitivity to the deformation rate in semi-crystalline polymers through the quantitative analysis of load-depth loading and unloading curves. The strain rate was constant during the CSM tests, while the strain rate decreased with the increasing of loading time in CLR tests. The mechanical response mechanism of the semi-crystalline polymers to these tests was very complicated because of the combined effects of strain-hardening in the crystal phase and strain-softening in the amorphous phase. Results show that the loading index m reflects the strain-hardening or strain-softening response during indentation. When m > 2, the mechanical response was due to the strain-hardening, and when m < 2, the response was due to strain-softening. A method based on the measured contact hardness was proposed to obtain the unloading stiffness, and the other mechanical parameters could then be determined according to the unloading stiffness. 相似文献
36.
A hybrid meshless technique based on composition of meshless local Petrov–Galerkin method (for spatial variables) and Newmark finite difference method (for time domain) is developed for natural frequencies analysis of thick cylinder made of functionally graded materials (FGMs). The FG cylinder is assumed to be under suddenly thermal loading, axisymmetric and plane strain conditions. The dynamic behaviors and time history of displacements are obtained in time domain using Green–Naghdi (GN) theory of coupled thermo-elasticity (without energy dissipation). Using fast Fourier transform (FFT) technique, the displacements are transferred to frequency domain and all natural frequencies are illustrated for various grading patterns of FGMs. The variations of mechanical properties in FG thick hollow cylinder are considered to be in nonlinear volume fraction law through radial direction. The presented hybrid meshless technique furnishes a ground to analyze the effects of various grading patterns of FGMs on natural frequencies, which are obtained employing GN coupled thermo-elasticity governing equations. Also, the frequency history and natural frequencies are illustrated for various grading patterns at several points across thickness of cylinder. 相似文献
37.
In this work crack formation and development is addressed and implemented in a planar layered reinforced-concrete beam element. The crack initiation and growth is described using the strength criterion in conjunction with exact kinematics of the interlayer connection. In this way a novel embedded-discontinuity beam finite element is derived in which the tensile stresses in concrete at the crack position reaching the tensile strength will trigger a crack to open. Since the element is multi-layered, in this way the crack is allowed to propagate through the depth of the beam. The cracked layer(s) will involve discontinuity in the cross-sectional rotation equal to the crack-profile angle, as well as a discontinuity in the position vector of the layer’s reference line. A bond–slip relationship is superimposed onto this model in a kinematically consistent manner with reinforcement being treated as an additional layer of zero thickness with its own material parameters and a constitutive law implemented in the multi-layered beam element. 相似文献
38.
The analysis on the recovery performance and characteristics in shape memory effects is helpful for the optimal design and engineering applications of shape memory polymers and their composites. To investigate the relationships among recovery performance, material parameters, and loading conditions, by taking aliphatic polyether urethane as an example, the researchers simulate the shape memory behaviors numerically using a three‐dimensional viscoelastic model. The material parameters for this model are taken from stress relaxation tests, rather than dynamic mechanical analysis tests. Both the unconstrained and the constrained recovery behaviors during strain‐controlled shape memory processes are analyzed. The results reveal that the unconstrained recovery occurs at the same temperature regardless of the applied strain values. Another interesting result is that the shape recovery temperature in unconstrained recovery situations increases and the maximum recovery stress under constrained recovery conditions decreases with the increase of heating rates. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
39.
FeO/AlO氧载体用于甲烷化学链燃烧:负载量与制备方法的影响 《燃料化学学报》2013,41(11):1384-1392
以不同方法制备了系列Fe2O3/Al2O3氧载体,采用XRD、H2-TPR、CH4-TPR、O2-TPD和BET等分析技术对氧载体进行了表征。研究了不同Fe2O3负载量氧载体的甲烷化学链燃烧性能,考察了不同制备方法对Fe2O3/Al2O3氧载体结构、反应性和产物选择性的影响。结果表明,Fe2O3负载量对氧载体活性及产物中CO2选择性的影响较大,负载量较低时氧载体活性较低且引起甲烷部分氧化产物CO含量增加。制备方法亦对氧载体与甲烷的反应活性有所影响,整体上共沉淀法制备的质量分数60%Fe2O3/Al2O3氧载体具有较高的氧化活性和化学链循环稳定性。其在反应温度850℃、反应时间15 min、30次循环后甲烷转化率及产物中CO2选择性均未见明显降低。 相似文献
40.
Liang‐Hua Zou Dr. Adam Johannes Johansson Dr. Erik Zuidema Prof. Dr. Carsten Bolm 《Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2013,19(25):8144-8152
An efficient catalytic system for Sonogashira–Hagihara‐type reactions displaying ligand acceleration in the copper‐catalyzed formation of C(sp2)? C(sp) bonds is described. The structure of the ligand plays a key role for the coupling efficiency. Various copper sources show excellent catalytic activity, even in sub‐mol % quantities. A wide variety of substituents is tolerated in the substrates. Mechanistic details have been revealed by kinetic measurements and DFT calculations. 相似文献