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11.
A Variable Neighborhood Search for the Multi Depot Vehicle Routing Problem with Time Windows 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
Michael Polacek Richard F. Hartl Karl Doerner Marc Reimann 《Journal of Heuristics》2004,10(6):613-627
The aim of this paper is to propose an algorithm based on the philosophy of the Variable Neighborhood Search (VNS) to solve Multi Depot Vehicle Routing Problems with Time Windows. The paper has two main contributions. First, from a technical point of view, it presents the first application of a VNS for this problem and several design issues of VNS algorithms are discussed. Second, from a problem oriented point of view the computational results show that the approach is competitive with an existing Tabu Search algorithm with respect to both solution quality and computation times. 相似文献
12.
Yi Zhan 《应用数学学报(英文版)》1997,13(3):235-242
In [1] we construct a unique bounded Hölder continuous viscosity solution for the nonlinear PDEs with the evolutionp-Laplacian equation and its anisotropic version as typical examples. In this part, we investigate the Lipschitz continuity of the free boundary of viscosity solution and its asymptotic spherical symmetricity, however, this result does not include the anisotropic case.This research is supported by the National Natural Sciences Foundation of China. 相似文献
13.
In order to replace silicones in some of their biomedical applications, e.g. syringe lubrication, implants ets., a series of digermoxanes (R1R2R3Ge)2O (R = n–alkyl, aryl) were synthesized. These compounds are thermally stable oils; their viscosities, depending on the nature of substituents, lie in the range 1–72 cPo (mPa s) at 20°C. 相似文献
14.
G. A. Kohring 《Journal of statistical physics》1992,66(3-4):1177-1184
A hydrodynamic cellular automata (HDCA) for simulating two-dimensional fluids with large viscosities is proposed. The model is characterized by a mean free path which is of the same size as in the FHP-II model, but with a viscosity more than 10 times larger. This new model should make simulations of flows at low Reynolds number more efficient. 相似文献
15.
P. Terech 《Il Nuovo Cimento D》1994,16(7):757-764
Summary Viscoelastic solutions of a binuclear copper(II) tetracarboxylate (Cu2S8) in tert-butylcyclohexane (TBC) have been investigated by rheology and small-angle neutron scattering techniques. The data
are analysed in the theoretical framework of the so-called ?living polymers?. The Cu2S8 aggregates are semi-rigid thin heterogeneous molecular threads undergoing scission/recombination reactions. Structural and
dynamical correlations have been made with the thermotropic columnar phase and some lyotropic swollen mesophases of the system.
The simplicity of the composition and structural constitution enables to avoid the usual salt and composition problems of
the aqueous analogues and also to deduce some most probable behaviours related to the scission mechanisms, chain flexibility
and dynamics of stress relaxation.
Paper presented at the I International Conference on Scaling Concepts and Complex Fluids, Copanello, Italy, July 4–8, 1994.
Member of CNRS. 相似文献
16.
X. Y. You 《Heat and Mass Transfer》2003,40(1-2):75-81
Active feedback control for the onset of Rayleigh-Bénard Convection in temperature-dependent-viscosity liquids is investigated.
In this paper, three major problems are addressed: (1) The results of Tang-Bau control are improved by considering the effects
of temperature-dependent viscosity; (2) A more efficient two-plate control strategy is presented. A phenomenon of coalescence
of the unstable modes is observed as the controller gain is large enough; (3) A simple way to estimate the critical Rayleigh
number under the effects of temperature-dependent viscosity is described. Numerical results show that the effects of temperature-dependent
viscosity on the critical Rayleigh number should be taken into account in some cases and the onset of Rayleigh-Bénard convection
can be effectively delayed or advanced by the active feedback control strategies studied here. 相似文献
17.
THE LARGE TIME BEHAVIOR OF SPECTRAL APPROXIMATION FOR A CLASS OF PSEUDOPARABOLIC VISCOUS DIFFUSION EQUATION 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
尚亚东 《数学物理学报(B辑英文版)》2007,27(1):153-168
The asymptotic behavior of the solutions to a class of pseudoparabolic viscous diffusion equation with periodic initial condition is studied by using the spectral method. The semidiscrete Fourier approximate solution of the problem is constructed and the error estiation between spectral approximate solution and exact solution on large time is also obtained. The existence of the approximate attractor AN and the upper semicontinuity d(AN,A)→0 are proved. 相似文献
18.
19.
Sk. Asrof Ali Yunusa Umar B. F. Abu‐Sharkh Hasan A. Al‐Muallem 《Journal of polymer science. Part A, Polymer chemistry》2006,44(19):5480-5494
The cycloterpolymerizations of single‐, twin‐, and triple‐tailed hydrophobes with hydrophilic monomer N,N‐diallyl‐N‐carboethoxymethylammonium chloride and sulfur dioxide afforded a series of cationic polyelectrolytes (CPEs) in excellent yields. These CPEs, upon the acidic hydrolysis of the pendent ester groups, gave the corresponding pH‐responsive cationic acid salts, which, upon a treatment with sodium hydroxide, were converted to polybetaines (PBs), anionic polyelectrolytes (APEs), and PB/APE polymers containing various proportions of zwitterionic (PB) and anionic fractions (APE) in the polymer chain. At a shear rate of 0.36 s−1 at 30 °C, salt‐free water solutions of the CPEs (2 g/dL) containing 8, 4, and 2.67 mol % of the single‐, twin‐, and triple‐tailed hydrophobes (all having 8 mol % octyloxy tails) had apparent viscosity values of 70, 2800, and 396,000 cps, respectively. The PB/APE polymer with a ratio of 33:67 for the zwitterionic and anionic fractions in the polymer chain gave the highest viscosity value. The superior viscosity behavior of the polymers containing the triple‐tailed hydrophobe was attributed to the blocky nature of the comonomer. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 44: 5480–5494, 2006 相似文献
20.