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地下厂房位置及轴线方向的选择是一项重要的地质工作,本文在分析琅山抽水蓄能电站厂房区工程地质条件的基础上,就厂房位置及其轴线方向的优化选择,进行了分析和研究。 相似文献
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We present some physics possibilities with an iron calorimeter detector (ICAL) and a status report on the feasibility study
to construct such a detector at a future possible India-based Neutrino Observatory (INO). This talk was given at the workshop
on high energy physics phenomenology, WHEPP-8, in Jan. 2004, at IIT Bombay. 相似文献
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高地应力下大型地下洞室拱形优化研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
高地应力区的大型洞室开挖会引起洞室拱周附近围岩应力集中和塑性区加大以及塑性应变的增加,但过高的应力集中会增加岩爆发生的几率,塑性区的加深会促使围岩失稳;洞室拱形形状会影响围岩应力集中和塑性区大小的分布,因此,以某高地应力下的大型发电洞岩体地质资料为依托,用弹塑性有限元分析高地应力地下大型发电洞室常采用的3种洞室拱形(即单心圆拱、三心圆拱和椭圆拱)对拱部围岩应力的影响,计算结果表明这种影响是非常明显的,有的应力集中系数达到3.33,无论采用哪种拱形,均避不开拱座附近应力集中现象。根据开挖后拱部围岩的塑性耗散能可以判断,无论初始地应力侧压系数是多少,椭圆拱是最优的,其次是三心圆拱。 相似文献
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Sound attenuation of air due to climatic conditions is often assumed to be constant and/or negligible in the electro acoustic design of voice alarm (VA) systems. However, air attenuation variations can be significant in large underground spaces and particularly as the frequency increases to the mid to high frequencies which are the most relevant to speech intelligibility. This investigation evaluates and quantifies the impact of the variability of the most influential climatic parameters, air temperature and relative humidity, on the performance of VA systems in underground stations. Computer simulations were employed to predict the effect of varying these climatic parameters on key performance metrics. Results demonstrated a significant increase in the values of reverberation time parameters with both temperature and humidity, at frequencies critical for speech intelligibility. Consequently the values of speech intelligibility related metrics decreased with rising temperatures and humidity. Hence, the study shows how ignoring temperature and humidity effects can lead to calculation errors in the design of VA systems. These errors could cause over-specification of the absorption required of surface materials, and the inaccurate prediction of acoustic and speech intelligibility related parameters. 相似文献
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Flooding into underground spaces has become a common threat and caused significant damages and casualties in the past decades. To improve the understanding of people walking through the flooding staircase, a 1:2-scale physical model of a staircase with rest platform was assembled. An instrument was developed to measure the hydrodynamic forces acting on individual vertical circular cylinders, as well as cylinder groups arranged side-by-side, in tandem and staggered cylinder arrays on the flooding staircase. The results show that the horizontal hydrodynamic force on a cylinder increases rapidly with the increasing of the inundated depth on the entrance of the staircase. With a side-by-side tight cylinder array, the force on the central cylinder is always larger than an isolated one. The force on the downstream cylinder in tandem cylinder array is always smaller. However, the drag coefficients of both cases are much larger than the corresponding ones in a horizontal bed channel. For the case of staggered cylinder array, the force on the downstream cylinder varies with the change of the transverse spacing and the longitudinal distance between cylinders. 相似文献
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通过大量的数值模拟试验,以洞室岩体和混凝土衬砌结构的损伤为指标,研究了水电站地下厂房这类大型岩体洞室在强地表爆破荷载作用下,洞室埋深、围岩岩体强度和地应力对洞室抗爆性能的影响。数值计算中,洞室岩体和混凝土衬砌均采用弹塑性损伤本构模型,同时考虑了几何非线性效应。研究结果表明:对于水电站地下厂房这类高边墙洞室,浅埋深洞室的抗爆性能较差,深埋深洞室的抗爆性能较强;岩体强度越高,洞室的抗爆性能越强;当地应力侧压因数λ1时,随地应力侧压因数的增大,洞室的抗爆性能显著下降。 更多还原 相似文献
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Underground fluids are important natural sources of drinking water, geothermal energy, and oil-based fuels. To facilitate the surveying of such underground fluids, a novel microchannel extraction device was investigated for in-line continuous analysis and flow injection analysis of sulfide levels in water and in oil. Of the four designs investigated, the honeycomb-patterned microchannel extraction (HMCE) device was found to offer the most effective liquid–liquid extraction. In the HMCE device, a thin silicone membrane was sandwiched between two polydimethylsiloxane plates in which honeycomb-patterned microchannels had been fabricated. The identical patterns on the two plates were accurately aligned. The extracted sulfide was detected by quenching monitoring of fluorescein mercuric acetate (FMA). The sulfide extraction efficiencies from water and oil samples of the HMCE device and of three other designs (two annular and one rectangular channel) were examined theoretically and experimentally. The best performance was obtained with the HMCE device because of its thin sample layer (small diffusion distance) and large interface area. Quantitative extraction from both water and oil could be obtained using the HMCE device. The estimated limit of detection for continuous monitoring was 0.05 μM, and sulfide concentrations in the range of 0.15–10 μM could be determined when the acceptor was 5 μM FMA alkaline solution. The method was applied to natural water analysis using flow injection mode, and the data agreed with those obtained using headspace gas chromatography-flame photometric detection. The analysis of hydrogen sulfide levels in prepared oil samples was also performed. The proposed device is expected to be used for real time survey of oil wells and groundwater wells. 相似文献