交叉共轭型烯酮化合物分子内的电荷转移

近年来有关分子内电行转移化合物的设计、合成及其光谱、光物理并为的研究引起＾们极大的兴趣[1－4]．这类化合物在激发态时常表现出一些特殊的性能，如出现扭曲的分子内电行转移（TICT）现象，并在荧光光谱中出现奇特的K重发光和在荧光强度与温度的依赖关系上出现反常等[5]．TICT态的形成强烈的依赖于化合物分子本身的结构，屯依赖于化合物分子所处环境的极性、温度和粘度等因素同．带有强给电子基（CH3卜N烁酮类化合物是一类有效的光敏剂．它广泛的应用于如光引发聚合、全息成像[7-8]等不同领域．同时其光谱及光物理行为的研究也已兑…     

Electrophoresis and Sedimentation of Charged Fibers

The electrophoretic translational and rotational velocities of a fiber are determined in the limitsL/d≥≥ 1 and λ/d≥≥ 1, where λ is the double layer thickness andLanddare the fiber length and diameter, respectively. The fiber translates due to the imposed electric field at a rate that increases with increasing double layer thickness. A nonuniformly charged fiber with a net charge dipole rotates until it becomes aligned with the electric field. The results for the translational and rotational velocities are obtained in a semianalytic form. The effect of the deformation of the ion cloud surrounding a charged sedimenting fiber on the fiber's translational and rotational velocities is also determined. The ion cloud retards the sedimentation velocity relative to that of an uncharged fiber with the same orientation. If the fiber possesses both a net charge and a charge dipole, it will rotate into a vertical alignment in which the end with the larger absolute charge is on top.     

Theory of Supercoiled Elastic Rings with Self-Contact and Its Application to DNA Plasmids

Methods are presented for obtaining exact analytical representations of supercoiled equilibrium configurations of impenetrable elastic rods of circular cross-section that have been pretwisted and closed to form rings, and a discussion is given of applications in the theory of the elastic rod model for DNA. When, as here, self-contact is taken into account, and the rod is assumed to be inextensible, intrinsically straight, transversely isotropic, and homogeneous, the important parameters in the theory are the excess link Δℒ (a measure of the amount the rod was twisted before its ends were joined), the ratio ω of the coefficients of torsional and flexural rigidity, and the ratio d of cross-sectional diameter to the length of the axial curve C. Solutions of the equations of equilibrium are given for cases in which self-contact occurs at isolated points and along intervals. Bifurcation diagrams are presented as graphs of Δℒ versus the writhe of C and are employed for analysis of the stability of equilibrium configurations. It is shown that, in addition to primary, secondary, and tertiary branches that arise by successive bifurcations from the trivial branch made up of configurations for which the axial curve is a circle, there are families of equilibrium configurations that are isolas in the sense that they are not connected to bifurcation branches by paths of equilibrium configurations compatible with the assumed impenetrability of the rod. Each of the isolas found to date is connected to a bifurcation branch by a path which, although made up of solutions of the governing equations, contains regions on which the condition of impenetrability does not hold. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Bending Boundary Layers in a Moving Strip

The high-speed transport of thin-sheet materials occurs in avariety of industrial processes. In this paper the method of matchedasymptotic expansions is used to solve the low tension, large-deflectionshape of a convected strip hanging under gravity. To leading order theequations for the deflection in the boundary layer and in the centre ofthe span are nonlinear. Previous treatments of this problem have notaccurately solved the leading-order equation within the boundary layer.The composite analytic solution of the full nonlinear equation isobtained and compares well with numerical solutions.     

空间弹性细杆在扭矩作用下的屈曲

用有限元方法研究了三维弹性细杆在扭矩作用下的屈曲.利用自然坐标形式的细长空间曲杆的能量方程和2节点12个自由度的自然坐标形式的三维曲梁单元,采用特征值分析方法,研究分析了同时受有轴力和扭矩作用时的空间弹性细杆的屈曲问题.数值结果与存在的理论解极为吻合.具有一定曲率和挠率的空间细长曲杆,其临界扭矩值与扭矩的指向有着极其明显的关系.     

基于扭曲长周期光纤光栅的高灵敏度压力传感器

研究了高频CO2激光脉冲写入的长周期光纤光栅在扭曲状态下的横向负载特性.发现扭曲降低了光纤光栅谐振波长横向负载灵敏度的方向相关性,使得这种光栅在各圆周方向上谐振波长对横向负载都不敏感,而谐振峰幅度随横向负载的增加线性减小,且谐振峰幅度的负载灵敏度随扭曲率的增加而提高.在扭曲率为1.8°mm－1时负载灵敏度可达0.47 dB/(g·mm－1),是自由状态长周期光纤光栅横向负载灵敏度的7倍,最后给出了利用这种扭曲长周期光纤光栅通过强度解调实现压力传感的实验研究结果.     

超高效液相色谱-电喷雾串联质谱法同时测定猪肝中非甾体类抗炎药残留

采用超高效液相色谱-四极杆串联质谱仪(UPLC-MS/MS)同时测定了猪肝中18种非甾体类抗炎药(NSAIDs)的残留量.对NSAIDs多残留同时提取、净化技术进行了研究,对UPLC-MS/MS检测参数进行了优化.均质后的猪肝样品采用酸化乙腈提取,正己烷液-液分配(LLP)脱脂,经硅胶固相萃取(SPE)柱净化后,采用UPLC-MS/MS电喷雾电离(ESI),多反应监测(MRM)模式检测,以保留时间和子离子比定性,外标法定量.方法检出限(LOD)为0.2～10 μg/kg;定量限(LOQ)为1.0～50 μg/kg.在添加浓度在1.0～200 μg/kg范围内,NSAIDs的回收率在53.8%～92.7%之间,相对标准偏差(RSD)小于10.3%.方法操作简便,对动物肌肉、内脏、鸡蛋及牛奶中NSAIDs残留的检测具有普遍适用性.     

反相高效液相色谱／质谱法同时测定鸡肉中5种喹诺酮药物残留

采用反相高效液相色谱／四级杆串联质谱（RP-HPLC／MS／MS）同时测定鸡肉中的5种喹诺酮药物（quinolones，QNs）。均质后的鸡肉样品采用磷酸盐缓冲溶液和乙腈的混和溶液提取。提取液经正己烷液-液分配（LLP）去除脂肪后，用C18固相萃取（SPE）柱净化，氨化甲醇洗脱，洗脱液用氮气吹干，流动相定容后，分析物采用LC／MS／MS电喷雾电离（ESI），正离子，多反应监测（MRM）模式检测，外标法定量。在添加浓度2．5～10μg/kg范围内，5种QNs的回收率在79．8％～95．1％之间；相对标准偏差（RSD）均小于11．7％。环丙沙星、丹诺沙星、恩诺沙星检出限（LOD）为0．5μg／kg，沙托沙星为1．0μg／kg，氟甲喹为0．1μg／kg。     

Designing of layered rod structures from viscoelastic materials at a given service life

The problem on the rational design of a layered rod structure subjected to force and temperature actions under the conditions of creep is considered. The linear hereditary theory is used for the viscoelastic materials of layers. The rods are packages of several homogeneous layers with a rectangular cross section. The variable geometrical parameters of the rods are determined from the energy equal-strength condition at a given in stant of time. __________ Translated from Mekhanika Kompozitnykh Materialov, Vol. 43, No. 5, pp. 581–594, September–October, 2007.     

The Dynamics of Stretchable Rods in the Inertial Case

Nonlinear amplitude equations for the near-threshold behavior of twisted extensible elastic rods under tension with inertial and dissipative dynamics are derived. In the inertial case localized solutions to the amplitude equations are derived and a linear stability criterion for the pulse solutions is obtained using the Hamiltonian formulation of the problem.