基于硅纳米线波导的两级光子晶体缩束器

鉴于在微观领域光波的缩束对实现光电集成的重要意义,提出了基于硅纳米线波导的两级光子晶体缩束器。其中一级压缩基于W5型和W1型光子晶体波导间的高效耦合。二级压缩则由宽为0.1μm,长为3.06μm的纳米线波导和W1型光子晶体波导构成,通过二者的高效耦合实现光束压缩。当W1型光子晶体波导和纳米线波导间介质柱的半径为0.04μm时,对于1550nm波长的电磁波,缩束器的通光效率可达93.4%,压缩比为16.08,出射光束半峰全宽仅为0.148μm。     

跨音压气机转子近失速工况叶尖非定常流动分析

对跨音压气机Rotor35进行单通道全三维定常/非定常数值模拟,并与试验总性能和流场分布对比校核了数值计算精度。以此为基础开展的近失速工况点的非定常计算发现,来自相邻叶片通道未形成泄漏涡的间隙泄漏流体与来流、激波与泄漏涡干涉形成的低能破碎区相互作用形成了叶尖二次涡。叶尖二次涡向下游运动过程中,其所处的位置和产生的阻塞影响了近叶顶载荷的分布,最终使得叶尖部流场出现了循环往复的自维持的非定常波动现象。     

含分流叶片离心压气机时轮内部流场全三元数值模拟

本文使用Ｓ＿１／Ｓ＿２全三元送代计算和三元Ｎ－Ｓ方程解两种方法对含有分流叶片的Ｅｃｋａｒｄ离心叶轮内部三元流场进行了数值分析，并与激光测量值进行了比较。侧重分析了叶轮内部分离流动和射流尾迹区的形成和特点。     

Airborne radioactivity levels in dwellings of Khammam district, Andhra Pradesh, India

Radon/thoron levels are estimated in Khammam district as a part of “Radon/thoron mapping” program in Andhra Pradesh, India. About 100 dwellings were chosen at random covering most parts of Khammam district. Twin chamber cup dosimeters consisting of solid-state nuclear track detectors (SSNTDs, LR-115, Type-II) were used to evaluate the radiation levels at quarterly intervals for a period of one calendar year. The average radon and thoron concentrations were found to be 39.1±13.3 and 19.4±14.9 Bq/m³, respectively. Seasonal variations of radon/thoron levels were also studied. Variations of radon/thoron concentration levels with different types of dwellings have been studied. In the bare flooring dwellings thoron levels were found to be highest in comparison to concrete, limestone and marble floorings.     

Hybrid investigation on residual stresses induced by self-drilling screw on polycarbonate plates

The residual stresses induced by using self-drilling screws on polycarbonate plates were investigated by the hybrid method which incorporates the digital photoelastic method and finite element method (FEM). Different types of screws lead to different photoelastic fringe patterns, which provide the boundary conditions needed in the numerical simulation. By changing the two main parameters (pressure and temperature), the FEM results can be matched well with the experimental results for drilling at 0° tilt angle. For drilling at other tilt angles, the photoelastic fringe patterns provide useful information for failure analysis.     

Adaptive non‐conformal mesh refinement and extended finite element method for viscous flow inside complex moving geometries

Two different techniques to analyze non‐Newtonian viscous flow in complex geometries with internal moving parts and narrow gaps are compared. The first technique is a non‐conforming mesh refinement approach based on the fictitious domain method (FDM), and the second one is the extended finite element method (XFEM). The refinement technique uses one fixed reference mesh, and to impose continuity across non‐conforming regions, constraints using Lagrangian multipliers are used. The size of elements locally in the high shear rate regions is reduced to increase accuracy. FDM is shown to have limitations; therefore, XFEM is applied to decouple the fluid from the internal moving rigid bodies. In XFEM, the discontinuous field variables are captured by using virtual degrees of freedom that serve as enrichment and by applying special integration over the intersected elements. The accuracy of the two methods is demonstrated by direct comparison with results of a boundary‐fitted mesh applied to a two‐dimensional cross section of a twin‐screw extruder. Compared with non‐conforming FDM, XFEM shows a considerable improvement in accuracy around the rigid body, especially in the narrow gap regions. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

一种简易杨氏模量测量装置

本介绍的杨氏模量测量，结构简单，理论清晰，精确度高。     

Critical β-values of all coil planet centrifuges

I-type, J-type and non-synchronous centrifuges are all coil planet centrifuges. Analysing the motion of I-type and J-type centrifuges has advanced the understanding of how to manufacture and use these centrifuges. This paper analyses the motion of non-synchronous centrifuges producing equations of motion that can be applied to all coil planet centrifuges. This has also produced simple equations to determine the critical β-values for any coil planet centrifuge. This paper also demonstrates that I-type centrifuges also have 2 critical β-values when it was thought that β-value did not influence the understanding of the processes within I-type centrifuges. For the I-type instrument both of these critical values are at bobbin radii approaching infinity. In practice this means all I-types function within one β-value range hence the unilateral distribution and type/effectiveness of the mixing is consistent. Finally the paper shows the influence that the tangential velocity has on the Archimedean screw effect and thus the unilateral distribution of the upper and lower phases in the columns of coil planet centrifuges. This explains why the maximum stationary phase retention in an I-type centrifuge is limited to 50%.     

跨音速轴流压气机叶顶间隙泄漏流对微喷气的非定常响应机制和扩稳效果研究

本文将叶顶微喷气方法应用于 NASA Rotor37 跨音速轴流压气机转子,在近失速工况,利用数值模拟方法研究了不同喷气量时叶顶间隙泄漏流对微喷气的非定常响应机理和叶顶微喷气的扩稳效果.结果表明,喷气使得叶顶区域的叶表压力随喷嘴与叶片相对位置的变化沿弦向发生波动,抑制了叶顶泄漏流的自激非定常波动,使叶顶泄漏流轨迹沿叶片吸力面向下游移动,实现了提高压气机性能和稳定性的目的.采用喷射气流的无量纲总动量可关联亚音速和跨音速轴流压气机不同喷气方案的扩稳效果,该无量纲总动量与来流总动量和喷射气流高度成反比,而与叶高和喷射气流总动量成正比.     

Experimental study on performance optimization of air source heat pump using DOE method

ASHP system is extensively applied to maintain indoor thermal environment but contributes to high building energy consumption. Better energy efficiency is possible through cooling performance improvements. This study investigates, using full-scale experiments, the cooling performance of ASHP. In the series of experiments, we vary the major influencing factors—evaporator inlet air temperature, air velocity, and compressor frequency and measured their impacts on response variables that include cooling capacity, compressor power, and the COP. The design of experiment (DOE) approach is used to plan and analyze the experiments. The results show that cooling capacity of ASHP system significantly increases with the rising evaporator inlet air temperature, air velocity, and compressor frequency. However, because of increasing fan and compressor power with rising air velocity and compressor frequency, COP dramatically decrease. Finally, the study of develop a simple predictive model for assessing the COP of ASHP. Comparing with the predicted and experimental results shows an agreement within 10% deviation, which indicates the suitability of the prediction model. Therefore, a predictive model can help system operators to set the optimal design parameters for achieving optimal COP performance of ASHP system.