Additive hazards regression with random effects for clustered failure times

Additive hazards model with random effects is proposed for modelling the correlated failure time data when focus is on comparing the failure times within clusters and on estimating the correlation between failure times from the same cluster, as well as the marginal regression parameters. Our model features that, when marginalized over the random effect variable, it still enjoys the structure of the additive hazards model. We develop the estimating equations for inferring the regression parameters. The proposed estimators are shown to be consistent and asymptotically normal under appropriate regularity conditions. Furthermore, the estimator of the baseline hazards function is proposed and its asymptotic properties are also established. We propose a class of diagnostic methods to assess the overall fitting adequacy of the additive hazards model with random effects. We conduct simulation studies to evaluate the finite sample behaviors of the proposed estimators in various scenarios. Analysis of the Diabetic Retinopathy Study is provided as an illustration for the proposed method.     

Homoclinic bifurcation for a general state-dependent Kolmogorov type predator–prey model with harvesting

In this paper, a general Kolmogorov type predator–prey model is considered. Together with a constant-yield predator harvesting, the state dependent feedback control strategies which take into account the impulsive harvesting on predators as well as the impulsive stocking on the prey are incorporated in the process of population interactions. We firstly study the existence of an order-1 homoclinic cycle for the system. It is shown that an order-1 positive periodic solution bifurcates from the order-1 homoclinic cycle through a homoclinic bifurcation as the impulsive predator harvesting rate crosses some critical value. The uniqueness and stability of the order-1 positive periodic solution are derived by applying the geometry theory of differential equations and the method of successor function. Finally, some numerical examples are provided to illustrate the main results. These results indicate that careful management of resources and harvesting policies is required in the applied conservation and renewable resource contexts.     

Parametric inference for multiple repairable systems under dependent competing risks

The focus of this article is on the analysis of repairable systems that are subject to multiple sources of recurrence. The event of interest at the system level is assumed to be caused by the earliest occurrence of a source, thereby conforming to a series system competing risks framework. Parametric inference is carried out under the power law process model that has found significant attention in industrial applications. Dependence among the cause‐specific recurrent processes is induced via a shared frailty structure. The theoretical inference results are implemented to a warranty database for a fleet of automobiles, for which the warranty repair is triggered by the failure of one of many components. Extensive finite‐sample simulation is carried out to supplement the asymptotic findings. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Adaptive lambda square dynamics simulation: An efficient conformational sampling method for biomolecules

A novel, efficient sampling method for biomolecules is proposed. The partial multicanonical molecular dynamics (McMD) was recently developed as a method that improved generalized ensemble (GE) methods to focus sampling only on a part of a system (GEPS); however, it was not tested well. We found that partial McMD did not work well for polylysine decapeptide and gave significantly worse sampling efficiency than a conventional GE. Herein, we elucidate the fundamental reason for this and propose a novel GEPS, adaptive lambda square dynamics (ALSD), which can resolve the problem faced when using partial McMD. We demonstrate that ALSD greatly increases the sampling efficiency over a conventional GE. We believe that ALSD is an effective method and is applicable to the conformational sampling of larger and more complicated biomolecule systems. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

The cyclic cluster model at hartree–fock level

We present the implementation of the cyclic cluster model (CCM) formalism at the Hartree–Fock (HF) level. In contrast to other periodic models, the CCM is a Γ‐point approach. Integration is carried out in real space within a finite interaction area determined by the size and the shape of the cluster that corresponds to a supercell of the solid, surface, or polymer. Particular care has to be taken for the proper treatment of three‐ and four‐center integrals that involve basis functions located at the boundaries of the Wigner–Seitz supercell, which defines the interaction region. The similarity between the CCM formalism and molecular approaches allows in principle the application of sophisticated post HF methods to solid‐state problems with only moderate modification of the molecular code. We show for selected model systems, that with our approach, the electronic structure and energetics obtained by the conventional supercell model is fully reproduced. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

高中化学优质教学案例中教材分析的现状研究及分析模型建构*

以核心期刊《化学教育》2018-2021年高中化学教学设计及实施类文献为研究对象,在较完备的教材分析视角指引下,采用内容分析法研究优质教学案例中教材分析的现状及特点,在此基础上构建教材分析模型,探索优质教学案例的设计路径。     

基于认识模型建构与应用的化学教学设计*——“水溶液中的离子反应与离子平衡”一轮复习课

分析了“水溶液中的离子反应与离子平衡”主题内容,通过学生前测发现学生对这一部分内容的认识存在着认识水平较低、认识不够深入等问题。针对这一问题,在实际教学中通过构建水溶液中的离子反应与离子平衡认识模型的方式,创设真实的问题情境,引导学生明确任务类型、丰富认识角度、形成认识思路,从而使学生对主题内容的认识走向深入和系统。通过后测,分析了教学效果,进行了教学反思,为在教学实践中开展认识模型建构教学提供参考。     

基于思维模型建构的高三化学复习教学*—— 以“平衡原理的应用”为例

以高三复习课“平衡原理的应用”为例,通过真实情境的剖析让学生感知模型,引导学生分析归纳提炼模型,并进行针对练习运用模型,变式训练体会模型,让学生在实践中以模型思维为突破,深入领悟建构模型的实质,有序解决复杂化学问题,提升科学思维能力,发展化学学科核心素养。