三维荧光光谱结合交替惩罚三线性分解同时对水中三种酚类测定

酚类化合物对动植物机理有着严重危害,利用三维荧光光谱结合交替惩罚三线性分解（APTLD）算法,完成了不含干扰物和干扰物共存时激发-发射荧光光谱重叠严重的麝香草酚、对苯二酚和苯酚的直接快速准确定性、定量分析。研究了温度对三种酚类化合物荧光强度的影响。对扫描所得激发-发射矩阵信号（EEM）进行二次去散射和光谱校正预处理,最大程度保留了原光谱信息,避免光谱严重失真。将APTLD算法与平行因子（PARAFAC）和交替三线性分解（ATLD）算法进行对比,突显该算法的优势。实验得出,APTLD算法能够较好的解析荧光光谱数据的重叠峰,分别得到三种目标分析物的荧光光谱,实现快速定性分析;定量分析时平均回收率为（97.4±4.5）%~（103.1±3.0）%;预测均方根误差（RMSEP）低于1.664×10-2 μg·mL-1,且检测限低于国家标准;处理过程简洁快速,为水环境中酚类化合物实现现场检测和在线实时监测提供了有力依据。     

Nonlinear obstacle problems with double phase in the borderline case

In this paper we study a double phase problem with an irregular obstacle. The energy functional under consideration is characterized by the fact that both ellipticity and growth switch between a type of polynomial and a type of logarithm, which can be regarded as a borderline case of the double phase functional with $(p,q)$-growth. We obtain an optimal global Calderón–Zygmund type estimate for the obstacle problem with double phase in the borderline case.     

Three-dimensional radiative transfer in an isotropically scattering, plane-parallel medium: generalized X- and Y-functions

The topic of this work is the generalized X- and Y-functions of multidimensional radiative transfer. The physical problem considered is spatially varying, collimated radiation incident on the upper boundary of an isotropically scattering, plane-parallel medium. An integral transform is used to reduce the three-dimensional transport equation to a one-dimensional form, and a modified Ambarzumian's method is used to derive coupled, integro-differential equations for the source functions at the boundaries of the medium. The resulting equations are said to be in double-integral form because the integration is over both angular variables. Numerical results are presented to illustrate the computational characteristics of the formulation.     

基于三维荧光光谱法和PARAFAC对多环芳烃定性定量分析

三维荧光光谱法在研究多环芳烃(PAHs)类物质的荧光信息时起到了重要作用。多环芳烃类物质具有致癌性,难降解性,多由尾气排放,垃圾焚烧产生,危害着人类健康及环境,因此人们不断探索对多环芳烃检测的方法。实验选取多环芳烃中的苊和萘作为检测物质,利用FLS920荧光光谱仪,为避免荧光光谱仪本身产生的瑞利散射影响,设置起始的发射波长滞后激发波长40 nm,设置扫描的激发波长(λex)范围为:200~370 nm,发射波长(λem)范围为:240~390 nm,对多环芳烃进行荧光扫描获取荧光数据,采用三维荧光光谱技术结合平行因子算法对混合溶液中的苊和萘进行定性定量分析。实验选用的苊和萘均购于阿拉丁试剂官网,配制浓度为10 mg·L-1的一级储备液,再将一级储备液稀释,得到苊和萘浓度为0.5,1,1.5,2,2.5,3,3.5,4和4.5 mg·L-1的二级储备液,并将苊和萘进行混合。在进行光谱分析前需要对苊和萘的光谱进行预处理,采用空白扣除法扣除拉曼散射的影响,并采用集合经验模态分解(EEMD)消除干扰噪声。实验测得苊存在两个波峰,位于λex=298 nm,λem=324/338 nm处,萘存在一个波峰,位于λex=280 nm,λem=322 nm处。选用的PARAFAC算法对组分数的的选择很敏感,因此采用核一致诊断法预估组分数,估计值2和3的核一致值都在60%以上,分别对混合样品进行了2因子和3因子的PARAFAC分解,将分解后得到的激发发射光谱数据和各组分浓度数据进行归一化处理,并绘制光谱图,与归一化处理后的真实的激发发射光谱图和各组分浓度图进行对比。同时将PARAFAC得到的混合样本的预测浓度,通过计算回收率(R)和均方根误差(RMSEP)来判定定量分析的准确度。选择2因子时,各混合样品中苊和萘拟合度为95.7%和96.7%,平均回收率分别为101.8%和98.9%,均方根误差分别为0.0187和0.0316;选择3因子时,各混合样品中苊和萘拟合度为95.3%和95.8%,平均回收率分别为97%和102.5%,均方根误差分别为0.033和0.116,由三项指标可得选用2因子进行定性定量分析的效果明显好于选用3因子。分析实验结果表明,基于三维荧光光谱法和PARAFAC算法对混合样品进行定性定量分析,能够有效的判定混合样品的类别,同时能够成功的预测出混合样品的浓度。     

Vertical copper oxide nanowire arrays attached three-dimensional macroporous framework as a self-supported sensor for sensitive hydrogen peroxide detection

A hierarchical nanostructure consisting of uniform copper oxide nanowires vertically grown on three-dimensional copper framework (CuO NWs/3D-Cu foam) was prepared by a two-step synthetic process. The uniform CuO NWs anchored onto the 3D foam exhibited outstanding electrocatalytic activity towards hydrogen peroxide reduction due to the unique one‐dimensional direction with its excellent catalytic activity and large surface area of 3D substrate, which enhanced electroactive sites and charge conductivity. As a result, a wide linear detection range of 1 µM–1 mM, good sensitivity of 8.87 µA/(mM ⋅ cm²), low detection limit of 0.98 µM, and rapid response time of 5 s to hydrogen peroxide were achieved under a working potential of −0.4 V in phosphate buffer solution (pH of 7.4). In addition, the CuO NWs/3D-Cu foam material showed excellent selectivity to hydrogen peroxide and good resistance against poisonous interferents, including ascorbic acid, dopamine, urea, uric acid, and potassium chloride. Furthermore, the CuO NWs/3D-Cu foam presented good reproducibility, stability, and accurate detection for hydrogen peroxide in real sample; therefore, it may be considered to be a potential free-standing hydrogen peroxide sensor in practical analysis applications.     

污泥内层和外层胞外聚合物的三维荧光光谱特性研究

运用三维荧光光谱技术对污泥LB-EPS和TB-EPS的荧光特性进行了研究.实验结果表明,在污泥LB-EPS和TB-EPS中都有三个明显的荧光峰,分别为Peak B(λex/λem=270～280 nm/345～360 nm),Peak C(λex/λem=330～340 nm/410～430 am)和Peak D(λex/λem=390 nm/450～470 nm).其中Peak B为类蛋白荧光(Protein-like)、Peak C为可见区类富里酸荧光(Visible fulvic-like)、Peak D为类腐殖酸荧光(Humic-like).从各荧光峰的荧光强度来分析,LB-EPS和TB-EPS中的主要成分都为类蛋白,然后依次为富里酸和腐殖酸.浓度和pH值对污泥LB-EPS和TB-EPS的三维荧光特性都有很大的影响,但影响程度略有区别,表明作为外层的胞外聚合物,LB-EPS表现出与TB-EPS不全相同的化学结构.     

导数同步荧光光谱对不同产区熟地黄的鉴别

实验测定了不同产区熟地黄的三维同步荧光光谱,提取其特征参数,发现不同产区熟地黄的有效荧光成分相似,并建立了谱-效关系,为临床用药剂量提供参考。进一步,对不同产区熟地黄的同步荧光发射光谱分别求一阶导数和二阶导数,放大了同步荧光发射谱的肩带,可区分光谱的细微变化,建立了鉴别不同产区熟地黄的导数同步荧光光谱方法。     

Parametric Quintic-Spline Approach to the Solution of a System of Fourth-Order Boundary-Value Problems

In this paper, we use parametric quintic splines to derive some consistency relations which are then used to develop a numerical method for computing the solution of a system of fourth-order boundary-value problems associated with obstacle, unilateral, and contact problems. It is known that a class of variational inequalities related to contact problems in elastostatics can be characterized by a sequence of variational inequations, which are solved using some numerical method. Numerical evidence is presented to show the applicability and superiority of the new method over other collocation, finite difference, and spline methods.     

Research on the propagation properties of hollow laser beams with three-dimensional trap optical distribution

A new kind of hollow beams - hollow laser beams with three-dimension trap optical distribution - was put forward. With the help of the Collins formula in paraxial optical system, the analytical equation of propagation and transformation of the hollow laser beams was deduced. According to the analytical equation, the propagation properties of the kind of hollow beams that transform in free space were simulated. In the experiment, we obtained the hollow laser beams by means of the combinational optical system of reflecting positive-axis and negative-axis pyramids. The intensity of the vertical loop in different distances was tested, which shows that the analytical equation of propagation and transformation is in agreement with the result.     

香蕉贮藏气体3D荧光表征特征选择及早期腐败预警初探

为利用3D荧光技术实现基于贮藏室气体荧光信息的香蕉腐败早期预警,选取两批不同贮藏日期的香蕉贮藏室气体进行三维荧光数据采集.首先对荧光数据进行了预处理:为消除三维荧光仪整体漂移现象,对得到的三维荧光数据进行去除漂移处理;利用matlab中eemscat工具包对瑞利与拉曼散射进行去除处理,有效消除了瑞利散射和拉曼散射的不利...