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81.
将等离子焊接(PAW)电弧和钨极氩弧焊(TIG)电弧串接,相对作用于工件的正反面形成双面电弧焊接(DSAW)系统,可以引导焊接电流沿工件厚度方向流过小孔,补偿等离子电弧穿透工件时消耗的能量,以有效地提高等离子弧的穿透能力.综合考虑影响双面电弧焊接正反面熔池几何形状的力学因素,建立了熔池表面变形的控制方程,以此为基础并采用帖体曲线坐标系建立了DSAW焊接传热的数学模型,分析了DSAW,PAW焊接传热的差异,从传热的角度解释了DSAW焊接熔深增加的原因.焊接工艺实验表明,计算结果与实测结果吻合良好.
关键词:
双面电弧焊接(DSAW)
传热模型
熔池表面变形模型 相似文献
82.
Myung-Soon Lee 《Applied Surface Science》2006,252(14):5019-5025
We prepared high quality Au(1 1 1) film on Si wafer through the spin coating and thermal decomposition of a gold ink, spin-coated-and-fired (SCAF) Au film. The X-ray measurements, XRD and pole-figure analysis, showed that the SCAF Au film has a (1 1 1) out-of-plane orientation with a random in-plane orientation. In order to confirm the chemical activity of the SCAF Au film, we demonstrate the formation of patterned structures with the film by using soft lithography technique. The chemical activities of this physically stable SCAF Au film to the alkanethiols were at least equivalent those of physically deposited the Au films. The possibility of the mass production of micro patterned structure with the SCAF Au film was also demonstrated over the wide region on Si wafer by the microcontact lithography. These suggest that the Au film will help the easy fabrication of various nanosized devices on Si wafer and other substrates. 相似文献
83.
84.
A. Ulyanenkov 《Applied Surface Science》2006,253(1):106-111
Several novel methods for evaluation and interpretation of X-ray data from modern nanostructures are presented along with their applications. The background of methods and their relations to fundamental problems of X-ray analysis is shortly described. The key features of LEPTOS software, which is designed for the analysis of X-ray data measured with various geometries and setups and implements all discussed techniques, are discussed. 相似文献
85.
Adhesion of zein to solid substrates has been studied using surface energy profiles as indices and by adhesion mapping using
atomic force microscopy (AFM). Different plasticizers like glycerol and sorbitol have been used to form mixed films with zein
and properties of these films are studied using surface energy profiles. Comparison of the results from the different mixed
samples with those from the pure zein films showed that force mapping could identify areas rich in protein. The adhesion maps
produced were deconvoluted from sample topography and contrasted with the data obtained from contact angle measurements. A
comparison of the two methods shows that the extent of contact angle hysteresis is indicative of both hydrophobicity of the
surface as well as the force of adhesion. Mechanical properties and microstructure of zein films prepared by casting from
solutions and using Langmuir-Blodgett film technique have been investigated. Pure zein seemed brittle and exhibited an essentially
linear relationship between stress and strain. Films with plasticizer were tougher than these films. In general, mixed films
showed better mechanical properties than pure films and had higher ultimate tensile strength and increased per cent elongation.
Further, the mixed films of zein showed a higher force of adhesion compared to the pure films. 相似文献
86.
W. Gao M. Li R. Klie E.I. Altman 《Journal of Electron Spectroscopy and Related Phenomena》2006,150(2-3):136-149
Oxide catalysts are frequently used to convert toxic species to environmentally benign molecules, and to prevent the formation of toxic species in the first place. In this paper, growth and characterization of model oxide systems employed in both approaches is discussed. An example of the former approach is the selective catalytic reduction (SCR) of NO emitted from power plants by NH3, which employs tungsten and vanadium oxides supported on the anatase polymorph of TiO2. To model SCR catalysts, epitaxial titanium, vanadium and tungsten oxide films were grown using molecular beam epitaxy and magnetron sputtering. Two different anatase orientations were grown on LaAlO3 substrates and their interactions with vanadia were characterized. On LaAlO3 (0 0 1), anatase exposed a (4 × 1) reconstructed (0 0 1) surface. Vanadia lifted the reconstruction and at 1 ML a (1 × 1) surface with mostly V5+ was observed. Continued V2O5 growth led to loss of order, but at high temperatures epitaxial VO2 could be grown; vanadia behaved similarly on anatase films on LaAlO3 (1 1 0). Results suggested that the monolayer is pseudomorphic with O adsorption oxidizing the surface V to 5+, since the anatase structure cannot accommodate more bulk oxygen, only a monolayer can be pseudomorphic and have only V5+. Thus the vanadia monolayer has unique structural and chemical properties that can help explain why vanadia monolayers on TiO2 are much more active than bulk V2O5. For WO3, a series of added row reconstructions were observed as the epitaxial films were reduced. The effect of these structures on surface chemistry was characterized by studying 1-propanol adsorption. The results indicated that the structure of the WO3 surface did not alter its catalytic function but had a strong effect on reaction kinetics. As an example of a system where catalysts prevent the formation of toxic species, the reactivity of oxidized Pd surfaces used in CH4 catalytic combustion were studied. An ordered PdO-like monolayer was found to be less reactive towards CO than adsorbed O on Pd. On the other hand, the PdO layer favored a lower activation energy C3H6 oxidation pathway. The results indicated that Pd oxidation reduces the sticking coefficient of reactive species but once molecules adsorb, the oxide surface can reduce the activation energy for subsequent reaction. 相似文献
87.
Optical trapping forces of polystyrene microspheres are analyzed both theoretically and experimentally, and comparisons are
made between the two. Discrepancies are mainly caused by straight-ray approximation for axial trapping, and by trapping-position
vertical displacement due to gravity for transverse trapping. 相似文献
88.
分析由若干段等截面或者变截面构件组成的压杆平面内稳定问题.从由三段等截面构件组成的压杆平面内稳定问题出发,对两端为变截面、中间为等截面构件组成的压杆的平面内稳定问题进行了分析,得出和两端为等截面构件情况类似的屈曲荷载计算公式.并对两端固接的情况进行了研究分析. 相似文献
89.
Electron beam processing of poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) films is found to promote significant changes in the melting heat, intrinsic viscosity and polymer film-liquid (water, isooctane and toluene) boundary surface tension. These properties are featured with several maximums depending on the absorbed dose and correlating with the modification of PET surface functionality. Studies using adsorption of acid-base indicators and IR-spectroscopy revealed that the increase of PET surface hydrophilicity is determined by the oxidation of methylene and methyne groups. Electron beam treatment of PET films on the surface of N-vinylpyrrolidone aqueous solution provided graft copolymerization with this comonomer at optimum process parameters (energy 700 keV, current 1 mA, absorbed dose 50 kGy). 相似文献
90.