陶瓷材料在压剪联合冲击加载下动态响应的实验研究

 应用57 mm压剪炮和双磁场IMPS粒子测试系统对95%的Al₂O₃陶瓷材料在压剪联合加载条件下的力学行为进行了实验研究,测量得到了材料内部压缩波（P波）、剪切波（S波）的加载、卸载和传播规律。对剪切波的衰减随载荷的变化进行了研究,初步得到95% Al₂O₃陶瓷材料在压剪联合载荷冲击下发生损伤的纵向应力阀值是4.86 GPa。     

QUANTIFICATION OF SHEAR DAMAGE EVOLUTION IN ALUMINIUM ALLOY 2024T3

Shear damage may occur in the process of metal machining such as blanking and cutting, where localized shear deformation is developed. Experimental findings indicate that microscopic shear damage evolution in aluminium alloy 2024T3 (A1 2024T3) is a multi-stage mechanism, including particle cracking, micro-shear banding, matrix microcracking and coalescence of microcracks. This study is an attempt to use a set of equations to describe the multi-stage shear damage evolution in Al 2024T3. The shear damage variables in terms of multi-couple parameters of a power-law hardening material have been defined. An evolution curve of shearing damage has been calculated from experimental data. The values of the shear damage variable at different stages of damage have also been calculated. By making use of the findings, the relation between the microscopic shear damage evolution and the macroscopic shear response of the material has been discussed.     

基于修正压力场理论的再生混凝土梁抗剪承载力计算方法研究

基于修正压力场理论分析有腹筋再生混凝土梁的剪切破坏机理,建立了更接近有腹筋再生混凝土梁实际受力的抗剪模型,并通过考虑再生骨料有效粒径和受箍筋作用下的裂缝宽度与构件裂缝处应力的联系,分析了再生骨料咬合力对梁斜截面抗剪性能的影响,提出了再生混凝土梁极限抗剪承载力的计算方法.此外,本文将理论结果与课题组自制的6根再生混凝土梁...     

Wall shear stress modified by bubbles in a horizontal channel flow of silicone oil in the transition region

We performed laboratory experiments on bubbly channel flows using silicone oil, which has a low surface tension and clean interface to bubbles, as a test fluid to evaluate the wall shear stress modification for different regimes of bubble migration status. The channel Reynolds numbers of the flow ranged from 1000 to 5000, covering laminar, transition and turbulent flow regimes. The bubble deformation and swarms were classified as packing, film, foam, dispersed, and stretched states based on visualization of bubbles as a bulk void fraction changed. In the dispersed and film states, the wall shear stress reduced by 9% from that in the single-phase condition; by contrast, the wall shear stress increased in the stretched, packing, and foam states. We carried out statistical analysis of the time-series of the wall shear stress in the transition and turbulent-flow regimes. Variations of the PDF of the shear stress and the higher order moments in the statistic indicated that the injection of bubbles generated pseudo-turbulence in the transition regime and suppressed drag-inducing events in the turbulent regime. Bubble images and measurements of shear stress revealed a correlated wave with a time lag, for which we discuss associated to the bubble dynamics and effective viscosity of the bubble mixture in wall proximity.     

纵横载荷作用下功能梯度梁的弯曲和过屈曲

基于一阶非线性梁理论和物理中面概念,导出了纵横向载荷作用下功能梯度材料(FGM)梁非线性弯曲和过屈曲问题的控制方程,并获得了该问题的精确解;据此解研究了梯度材料性质、外载荷、横向剪切变形以及边界条件等因素对功能梯度材料梁非线性力学行为的影响,分析中假设功能梯度材料性质只沿梁厚度方向,并按成分含量的幂指数函数形式变化。结果表明:纵横载荷共同作用下,功能梯度梁的弯曲构形将有无限多个;随着梯度指数的增大,梁的变形减小,临界载荷升高;随着长高比的增大,横向剪切变形的影响减小。     

基于八面体理论的岩石循环加-卸载本构模型及修正

探究岩石的受力特点及破坏特性是研究岩石地下工程安全性的关键,诸多学者都期望能在岩石本构模型的研究上取得突破性进展。在此背景下,提出了一种能够描述循环加-卸载条件下岩石的本构模型。首先,假设岩石的微元强度服从八面体剪应力理论并且微元破坏服从Weibull概率公式,将岩石本构中的损伤变量以及岩石微元强度表达式里包含的损伤因子进行本构变换,得到关于应力、应变等其他表现加-卸载下岩石损伤本构模型的参数,表示出岩石微元强度和损伤变量,再将得到的岩石微元强度和损伤变量代入所提出的岩石本构模型中,并进行等式变换得到一个函数表达式。通过将其与实验数据进行拟合对比分析,得出修正后的拟合参数,将其代入函数式中,得到损伤本构模型的修正式。最后将拟合参数进行必要的敏感性分析,得出各拟合参数的实际物理意义。     

共面闭合断续节理岩体直剪强度特性研究

介绍了节理面和岩桥各自的抗剪强度机制,引入法向变形协调条件,基于Mohr-Coulomb理论,推导了共面闭合断续节理岩体的直剪强度公式。模型试验发现,剪切破坏面以拉剪复合破坏为主,同时岩块中伴随大量的拉张微裂隙。试样的强度和变形具有明显的阶段性,全应力应变曲线主要经历了线弹性增长、节理面错动、次生裂纹起裂稳态扩展、节理面贯通破坏和残余强度5个阶段。对比发现,理论计算结果与试验值吻合较好。     

光通量法在SHPSB剪切应变测量中的应用

利用光通量方法对分离式霍普金森压剪杆实验技术中的剪切应变测量进行了实验研究。实验装 置主要包括:准直激光器、光电接收器、光学挡板。由装置性能验证实验结果以及不确定度分析结果表明:利 用基于光通量法的剪切应变测量技术能够可靠地测量SHPSB(splitHopkinsonpressurebar)试样的剪切应 变。并对比了基于光通量法测量的剪切应变值与理论近似结果,结果显示前者小于后者,分析并讨论了原因。     

内爆炸下钢管混凝土结构变形与破坏的试验分析及数值模拟

钢管混凝土结构由于具有良好的力学性能和低经济成本而受到广泛应用,因此对它的研究很多,但对它在爆炸作用下尤其是内爆炸作用下的研究很少,故分析钢管混凝土结构在内爆炸下的变形与破坏具有重要意义.本文通过试验与数值模拟方法,分析了内爆炸下钢管混凝土结构在具有二条预制狭缝时的变形与破坏情形.结果表明,钢管变形主要发生在靠近狭缝处,变形大小随药量的增加而增大,最终导致钢管在狭缝两端出现约45°方向的裂纹,引起钢管混凝土剪切破坏.     

基于紧凑拉伸剪切结构的复合型疲劳裂纹扩展研究

针对含I-II型复合裂纹的紧凑拉伸剪切(CTS)试样,研究了不同加载角度下的裂纹扩展路径及裂纹扩展寿命,通过实验数据给出了适宜于CTS试样的等效应力强度因子关系式,并基于此提出了一种新的I-II型复合裂纹扩展模型。研究表明,CTS试样的裂纹沿与加载方向近垂直的方向扩展,基于Tanaka公式的等效应力强度因子更适合于本文CTS试件的裂纹扩展寿命评估。当加载角度处于0°~45°之间时,提出的复合型裂纹扩展模型预测误差控制在5.49%之内,验证了分析模型的可行性和准确性。