温度对液晶光阀电光特性的影响

采用DMS505显示器测量系统测量并分析了环境温度对TB3639型液晶光阀的电光特性的影响，结果表明：阈值电压，饱和电压和陡度因子均是温度的函数。温度从-25℃变化到70℃，阈值电压从2．015V降到1．631V；饱和电压从2．748V降到2．323V；陡度因子从1．364增大到1．424。为设计高稳定性的液晶显示器件提供了依据。     

心血管内流场的高质量模拟实验研究（Ⅲ）：动态流体双折射法典型应用分析

用动态流体双折射法对三种有代表性的心血管模型（模拟大血管、动脉狭窄和人造心脏瓣膜）中的脉动血流间隙测试，得出速度剖面，剪应力分布，压力和流量之间的相位关系。结果说明本文所描述的双折射液和模拟血管是适用于心血管内流场的高质量模拟实验的，动态流体双折射方法及简化的光－力学关系是适用于低频脉动模拟血流的定量分析的。     

六通换向阀的性能测试系统设计及实验研究

六通换向阀是一种重要的流动换向设备，用整体设计的六通换向阀替代传统的多阀控制系统，完成在主、备用动力设备间的转换．有效提高了整个系统的安全性。针对六通换向阀的特性，设计建造了六通换向阀性能测试系统，着重介绍了该测试系统的结构组成、测试方法、及主要功能。在此基础上，选择32#汽轮机油为工作介质，对80JH-33和40JH-33两种口径的六通换向阀进行了各种工况下的阻力特性实验及稳定性和可靠性实验。实验研究表明，该测试系统设计合理、功能完善、测试准确可靠．可以模拟六通换向阀实际应用的各种工作状况。还可拓展用于其它类似设备的流动性能测试与实验研究。     

Jounce and Impact in Cam-Tappet Conjunction Induced by the Elastodynamics of Valve train System

The paper highlights the importance of a multi-physics integrated approach in the design evaluation of complex valve trains. The multi-disciplinarity of the problems requires simultaneous solution to inertial dynamics, structural compliance of system elements and tribological conditions in load bearing conjunctions, all of which are critical to thermodynamic functional assurance of the system as the primary objective, and system efficiency in terms of reduced mechanical and frictional losses. This paper is an extended version of: ‘PREDICTION OF CAM-TO-TAPPET CONTACT LOSS WITH VALVE TRAIN ELASTODYNAMIC ANALYSIS’, 2004 AIMETA International Tribology Conference, September 14–17, 2004, Rome, Italy.     

Valve Tissue Engineering with Living Absorbable Threads

Tissue engineering (TE) depends on the population of scaffolds with appropriate cells, arranged in a specific physiological direction using a variety of techniques. Here, a novel technique of creating “living threads” is described based on thin (poly(ε‐caprolactone) fibers of different diameters (23–243 μm). The fibers readily attract human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), which are firmly adhered. These versatile fibers can be used to produce dimensional shapes identical in shape to the cup‐like structure of a normal human valve, while preserving the specific orientation of both the cells and the fibers. The MSCs on leaflets and the cells cultured in flask shown similar epitopes expression when analyzed by fluorescence activated cell sorting. Together, these characteristics have important functional implications as living absorbable fibers can be a valuable resource in TE of living tissues, including heart valves.

     

Reconstructed Discontinuous Approximation to Stokes Equation in a Sequential Least Squares Formulation

We propose a new least squares finite element method to solve the Stokes problem with two sequential steps. The approximation spaces are constructed by the patch reconstruction with one unknown per element. For the first step, we reconstruct an approximation space consisting of piecewise curl-free polynomials with zero trace. By this space, we minimize a least squares functional to obtain the numerical approximations to the gradient of the velocity and the pressure. In the second step, we minimize another least squares functional to give the solution to the velocity in the reconstructed piecewise divergence-free space. We derive error estimates for all unknowns under both $L^2$ norms and energy norms. Numerical results in two dimensions and three dimensions verify the convergence rates and demonstrate the great flexibility of our method.     

线性流量阀内筒孔形状设计问题研究

对于双筒式线性流量阀,内筒孔形状设计是关系到线性流量阀的过流面积能否"线性变化"的核心问题.从工程实际应用出发,对线性流量阀的内筒孔进行了分段地形状设计.经设计的内筒设计能够使线性流量阀的线性控制区达到90%以上,"过流面积"也完全能够达到"最大范围".设计的内筒孔主体形状为矩形和简单曲线组成,易于加工制造.     

Multi-pumping flow systems: the potential of simplicity

Nowadays, the trend towards more compact, smarter and simpler devices is generally recognized as one of the most challenging aspects in the development of analytical instrumentation. Modern flow-based procedures do not escape this tendency. The level of integration and automation and the operational functionality of Multi-pumping flow systems (MPFS) would, in most of the situations, meet this requirement. The essential elements of MPFS are multiple solenoid actuated micro-pumps strategically positioned in the flow manifold, which are accountable for solutions insertion, propelling and commutation, conditioning the establishment and subsequent detection of the reaction zone. Being the only active components of the flow manifold they provide a great operational simplicity and assure a straightforward run-time control of important analytical variables. Moreover, the reduction of active components minimizes the probability of occurrence of equipment failures, malfunctions or errors. The low size and low cost of solenoid micro-pumps make them ideal tools to build up compact environmentally friendly analytical systems, which are characterized by low solutions consumptions and the minimisation of hazardous waste generation. Furthermore, the reproducible pulsed flowing stream produced by micro-pumps actuation has proven to be a valuable feature regarding sample/reagent mixing and reaction zone homogenisation.     

Numerical study on effects of check valve closure flow conditions on pressure surges in pumping station with air entrainment

This paper proposes a numerical procedure to better compute the characteristics of pressure surges when check valves close under different flow conditions in a pumping station. Studies have shown that the effects of check valve closure on the pressure transients are predominantly dependent on the magnitude and gradient of the flow velocities immediately downstream of the check valve at the instant of valve closure. Through the present study, it was noted that the transient flow velocities near the check valve of a fluid system are also dependent on the characteristics of the air entrained into the fluid system. An improved numerical computational procedure for the fluid system with air entrainment under different transient conditions downstream of the check valve is also proposed in this paper. With a fluid system operating within the critical range of air entrainment values, the present analysis showed that there is a possibility of ‘high pressure surges’ when the check valves were closed at flow rates other than the positive flow conditions. This phenomenon was confirmed through field observations. This study thus concludes that a detailed numerical transient analysis of the fluid system, with various assumed amounts of entrained air, is necessary whenever there is the possibility of air entrainment into the fluid system, and that the flow conditions at the instant of check valve closure need to be modelled. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.