横向磁场激励下铁磁梁式板的混沌运动分析

在磁体力分布的磁弹性理论模型和磁场准静态假定模式基础上，对于处在周期时变磁场 中的不可移简支铁磁梁式板非线性磁弹性动力特性进行定性与定量分析．首先利用磁场的摄 动技术和结构变形的模态法，导出了关于模态坐标的非线性动力方程；然后利用Ｍｅｌｎｉｋｏｖ方 法，从理论上给出这一磁弹性动力系统可能出现混沌运动的必要条件及参数范围；最后采用变 步长Ｒｕｎｇｅ－Ｋｕｔｔａ数值积分方法对其磁弹性相互作用的混沌现象进行了定量搜索与模拟，并 利用其轨迹的Ｐｏｉｎｃａｒｅ截面图与Ｌｉａｐｕｎｏｖ指数加以判断．结果表明磁弹性简支梁式板在横 向周期时变磁场中存在混沌吸引子，且在机械阻尼很小时其混沌吸引子表现出稠的特性．     

三维相移电子散斑干涉法在柴油机机身中的应用

本文通过一新的三维电子散斑干涉方法，结合四步相移技术和图象处理技术，从三幅全场散斑位相条纹图分离出独立的u、υ、w场位移。测量系统的特点是用三个激光器作为光源，一个PZT相移器推动三个反射镜产生参考光并实现相移以及CCD摄像机前放置大错位剪切镜。将该测量系统应用到柴油机机身部件测量上，得到了机身主轴承孔周的三维位移场，并将此结果作为有限元计算的边界条件，得到了精确的柴油机机身计算结果，证明这一新技术可为柴油机零部件的强度和刚度分析评价提供一种十分有效的方法。     

有限变形下线弹性裂尖场的渐近分析

对有限变形下线弹性Ⅰ型裂纹场建立了无需分区的统一控制方程并进行了渐近分析, 利用“打靶法”得到位移场在物质描述与空间描述下的渐近阶次分别为3／4和1,Green应变、第二类P－K应力及Cauchy应力在物质描述与空间描述下的渐近阶次分数为－1／2和－2／3;对不同泊松比,裂尖有限变形线弹性场的位移均以UⅡ或u2为主导,裂纹张开角为π,现时构形中的大变形区为一垂直初始构形中裂纹表面的狭长带状区,应力则处于由σ22主导的单向拉伸状态,角分布函数U^-Ⅱ（0）及σ22^-(0)具有奇异性,但UL^-‘(Θ）／UⅡ^－‘(0)及σij^-(θ）/σ22^-(0)均趋于有限值。     

变温下橡胶材料力学性能的实验分析

利用Zwick020材料试验机研究了天然橡胶材料在不同温度条件下单向拉伸的大变形力学行为。得到了不同温度和不同加载速率条件下材料的应力-应变关系曲线和材料的破坏条件,由此分析了高温和低温的温度变化条件及加载速率对材料力学性能的影响,得出天然橡胶材料在大变形条件下的温度和加载速率敏感特性。同时利用实验结果拟合出材料的应变能函数,并应用热超弹性模型对材料进行了理论分析。结果表明,理论分析结果与实验结果仅在一定温度范围内吻合得较好,因为材料软化或硬化,在很高或很低的温度情况下二者有一定差别。     

高边坡结构可靠度的二次处理有限元分析

本文依据强度折减理论,利用MIDAS/GTS有限元软件,分析计算了高边坡结构的安全系数K,找到边坡滑裂带的位置。在此基础上,对有限元输入数据和输出结果进行二次处理,建立基本随机变量c,f与滑裂带中单元的最大(和最小)主应力σ1(和σ3)的拟合关系f1(和f3),将其代入高边坡结构的功能函数Z中,使Z由隐式形式变为显式。基于该显式表示的Z,利用Monte Carlo法计算滑裂带中所有失效单元的可靠指标β1,并将其单元面积A1作为权重系数,经过加权平均得到边坡结构的整体可靠指标β。上述方法使得结合有限元软件计算边坡结构的整体可靠度得以简化。经实例分析可知,本文提出的方法是合理可行的,可使边坡结构整体可靠性分析得以简化,也可为高边坡结构整体可靠性分析提供理论参考。     

蒙特卡罗模拟法在边坡可靠性分析中的运用

江永红．蒙特卡罗模拟法在边坡可靠性分析中的运用．数理统计与管理，１９９８，１７（１），１３～１６．可靠性分析是边坡工程及滑坡治理中的重要研究课题。鉴于决定边坡可靠性的诸变量多为随机变量，本文论述了用蒙特卡罗模拟法计算边坡可靠度的基本原理，对模拟次数确定、计算误差估计等问题提出了解决办法，并结合具体运用说明该方法的实施步骤     

Local Field Induced Mass Transfer: New Insight into Nano-electrocatalysis

Unravelling the complex kinetics of electrocatalysis is essential for the design of electrocatalysts with high performance. Mass transfer and electron transfer are two primary factors that need to be optimized in order to enhance electrocatalytic reactions. The use of nanocatalysts proves to be a promising way of promoting the performance of electrocatalytic reactions, this improvement is usually attributed to their ability to enhance electron transfer. However, when catalysts are taken down to the nanoscale, their size is comparable to the thickness of an electrical double layer, so any curvature can lead to an inhomogeneous local electric field on the electrode, which then changes the mass transfer essentially. In this article, we introduce the new concept of local-field-induced mass transfer in nano-electrocatalytic systems, and provide a brief review of recent progress, revealing its effect on nano-electrocatalysis, which may bring new insight into the future design of nano-electrocatalysts.     

Resonances of a hydrogen atom in strong parallel electric and magnetic fields using B-spline basis sets

The B-spline basis set plus complex scaling method is applied to the numerical calculation of the exact resonance parameters Er and Г/2 of a hydrogen atom in parallel electric and magnetic fields. The method can calculate the ground and higher excited resonances accurately and efficiently. The resonance parameters with accuracies of 10^-9 - 10^-12 for hydrogen atom in parallel fields with different field strengths and symmetries are presented and compared with previous ones. Extension to the calculation of Rydberg atom in crossed electric and magnetic fields and of atomic double excited states in external electric fields is discussed.     

Inverse scattering method and soliton solutionfamily for the Einstein--Maxwell theory with multiple Abelian gauge fields

A Hauser-Ernst-type extended hyperbolic complex linear system given in our previous paper [Gao Y J 2004 Chin. Phys. 13 602] is slightly modified and used to develop a new inverse scattering method for the stationary axisymmetric Einstein-Maxwell theory with multiple Abelian gauge fields. The reduction procedures in this inverse scattering method are found to be fairly simple, which makes the inverse scattering method be fine and effective in practical application. As an example, a concrete family of soliton solutions for the considered theory is obtained.