机载海洋激光测深系统参量设计与最大探测深度能力分析

详细讨论了机载海洋激光测深系统最大测量深度与相关因子之间的关系，并利用最小可探测信噪比为判据，对机载海洋激光测深系统在白天和晚上工作进行了数值模拟，通过比较最大测量深度与激光脉冲峰值功率、接收视场角、接收口径和光谱接收带宽等关系，确定了系统的主要参量。以确定的参量建立的系统具有白天49m和晚上65m的最大测深能力，可完全满足在沿岸带以及岛礁的测量要求。     

用毛细管测量纯水表面张力系数的误差讨论

通过用毛细管测量纯水表面张力系数实验，得到管内径d与接触角θ的相对误差之间的关系曲线，由此说明实验测得的表面张力系数α和理论公式相比呈现一定的偏差，并简单地讨论了实验的理想状态与实际情况的差别．     

Wide‐angle X‐ray diffraction and differential scanning calorimetry study of the crystallization of poly(ethylene naphthalate), poly(butylene naphthalate), and their copolymers

The crystallization behavior of a series of poly(ethylene‐co‐butylene naphthalate) (PEBN) random copolymers was studied. Wide‐angle X‐ray diffraction (WAXD) patterns showed that the crystallization of these copolymers could occur over the entire range of compositions. This resulted in the formation of poly(ethylene naphthalate) or poly(butylene naphthalate) crystals, depending on the composition of the copolymers. Sharp diffraction peaks were observed, except for 50/50 PEBN. Eutectic behavior was also observed. This showed isodimorphic cocrystallization of the PEBN copolymers. The variation of the enthalpy of fusion of the copolymers with the composition was estimated. The isothermal and nonisothermal crystallization kinetics were studied. The crystallization rates were found to decrease as the comonomer unit content increased. The tensile properties were also measured and were found to decrease as the butylene naphthalate content of the copolymers increased. For initially amorphous specimens, orientation was proved by WAXD patterns after drawing, but no crystalline reflections were observed. However, the fast crystallization of drawn specimens occurred when they were heated above the glass‐transition temperature. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 42: 843–860, 2004     

The exponential power law: partial wetting kinetics and dynamic contact angles

An equation for the kinetics of partial drop spreading is proposed. This equation was empirically derived from experimental data for the spreading kinetics of partially wetting liquids in terms of the wet area versus time. The equation has the form of an exponential power law (EPL), and transforms into the well-known power law for complete wetting, when the equilibrium contact angle approaches zero. The EPL fits very well available experimental data. To lend additional support to the validity of this generalized equation, it will be demonstrated that when it is transformed to present the dynamic contact angle (DCA), it fits very well DCA experimental data for other wetting processes, such as capillary flow and tape coating.     

Plasticity field adjacent to faces of asperities on a rotating roll after initial indentation into a half-space

The plastic deformation field near the horizontal surface of a half space of perfectly plastic material associated with an indenting rotating rigid tooth is studied using slip line theory. The tooth is one of many on a roll surface and indents first into the half-space material and then rotates about the roll center. A slip line field is proposed for the deforming plastic region and a solution scheme is outlined. The emphasis is on determining the shape of the deforming region, especially that of the free surface. The study has a potential application in roughness transfer in metal forming processing.     

Fabrication of patterned gold electrodes with spin-coated-and-fired Au(1 1 1) film by the soft lithography

We prepared high quality Au(1 1 1) film on Si wafer through the spin coating and thermal decomposition of a gold ink, spin-coated-and-fired (SCAF) Au film. The X-ray measurements, XRD and pole-figure analysis, showed that the SCAF Au film has a (1 1 1) out-of-plane orientation with a random in-plane orientation. In order to confirm the chemical activity of the SCAF Au film, we demonstrate the formation of patterned structures with the film by using soft lithography technique. The chemical activities of this physically stable SCAF Au film to the alkanethiols were at least equivalent those of physically deposited the Au films. The possibility of the mass production of micro patterned structure with the SCAF Au film was also demonstrated over the wide region on Si wafer by the microcontact lithography. These suggest that the Au film will help the easy fabrication of various nanosized devices on Si wafer and other substrates.     

Novel methods and universal software for HRXRD, XRR and GISAXS data interpretation

Several novel methods for evaluation and interpretation of X-ray data from modern nanostructures are presented along with their applications. The background of methods and their relations to fundamental problems of X-ray analysis is shortly described. The key features of LEPTOS software, which is designed for the analysis of X-ray data measured with various geometries and setups and implements all discussed techniques, are discussed.     

Contact angle hysteresis of liquid drops as means to measure adhesive energy of zein on solid substrates

Adhesion of zein to solid substrates has been studied using surface energy profiles as indices and by adhesion mapping using atomic force microscopy (AFM). Different plasticizers like glycerol and sorbitol have been used to form mixed films with zein and properties of these films are studied using surface energy profiles. Comparison of the results from the different mixed samples with those from the pure zein films showed that force mapping could identify areas rich in protein. The adhesion maps produced were deconvoluted from sample topography and contrasted with the data obtained from contact angle measurements. A comparison of the two methods shows that the extent of contact angle hysteresis is indicative of both hydrophobicity of the surface as well as the force of adhesion. Mechanical properties and microstructure of zein films prepared by casting from solutions and using Langmuir-Blodgett film technique have been investigated. Pure zein seemed brittle and exhibited an essentially linear relationship between stress and strain. Films with plasticizer were tougher than these films. In general, mixed films showed better mechanical properties than pure films and had higher ultimate tensile strength and increased per cent elongation. Further, the mixed films of zein showed a higher force of adhesion compared to the pure films.     

薄膜偏振分光镜的研究

概述薄膜偏振分光镜的研究现状及其主要特点，重点分析薄膜偏振分光镜的设计原理,并利用等效折射率的方法计算中心波长的反射率．     

Molecular Orbital Calculations on 2, 4, 6-Trinitrotoluene

Three ab initio calculations (HF/6-3IG, HF/6-3IG*, and HF/6-3IG**) on 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene were made, The results compare well with xray data, except dihedral angles of NO₂ relative to the plane of the benzene ring. The deviations are attributed to packing forces and steric effects in the crystal. The most stable structure was a torsional angle 10° of the methyl top with the benzene ring, unlike toluene. The rotational barriers of the methyl top and the 4-nitro group are small. Hydrogen bonding, dipole moments and total atomic charges arc calculated.