Étude de la convergence numérique d'une méthode vortex pour un écoulement a grand nombre de Reynolds dans un mélangeurNumerical convergence of vortex method for a high Reynolds number 2D bluff-body flow

In this paper the convergence of the RVM for a complex flow is studied, in function of three discretization parameters. Two of these parameters are related to the spatial discretization of the vorticity Γ (sheet or blob strength) and h (sheet length or core radius) and the third one to the time discretization Δt. Two main events are observed: first, the computation works but the convergence is not attained, secondly the computation fails. The first behaviour is attributed to a lack of accuracy and the second to a lack of numerical stability. Once the stability conditions are satisfied, decreasing the value of parameters always leads to convergence. To cite this article: I. Mortazavi et al., C. R. Mecanique 330 (2002) 409–416.     

Fermetures entropiques pour les systèmes bifluides à sept équations

In this Note, we propose a way to obtain two-fluid two-pressures multiphase models that satisfy an entropy inequality. We first notice that the continuous model associated to the discrete model of Abgrall and Saurel (2003) satisfies the entropy principles. Thanks to this, we show how to modify existing models in order to achieve the second law of thermodynamics. To cite this article: M. Papin, R. Abgrall, C. R. Mecanique 333 (2005).     

Kinematic shakedown by the Norton–Hoff–Friaa regularising method and augmented LagrangianAdaptation cinématique par la methode de régularisation de Norton–Hoff–Friaa et du Lagrangien augmenté

The shakedown analysis of elastic perfectly plastic structures is formulated as a discrete nonlinear mathematical programming problem by means of the finite element technique. The kinematical problem is regularized through the introduction of the Norton–Hoff viscoplastic material to overcome the non-differentiability of the objective function, and can be solved numerically by the augmented Lagrangian technique. To cite this article: M.A. Hamadouche, C. R. Mecanique 330 (2002) 305–311.     

On the effect of small fluctuations in the volume fraction of constituents on the effective properties of composites

This study deals with three-scale composite materials comprised of nonlinear constituents. At the meso scale the composite can be considered as locally homogeneous with a macroscopic spatial variation of the constituents volume fraction. When these variations about a mean value are small, a Taylor expansion to second-order of the effective properties of the composite with respect to the fluctuations is given. This expansion can be used to discuss the beneficial or deleterious effects of clusters of inhomogeneities. It can also be used to derive new upper and lower bounds for the effective properties of nonlinear composites from dilute results. To cite this article: P. Suquet, C. R. Mecanique 333 (2005).     

应用非线性有限元法对某止水橡皮进行仿真计算

应用有限元分析软件对某具有超弹性、不可压缩性和大变形性质的伸缩式止水橡皮进行应力应变仿真分析计算。考虑到材料非线性、几何非线性和边界非线性等问题。通过对超弹性橡皮材料的大变形性质作定性的分析。和对止水橡皮在安装过程中的变形分析。计算支臂翼头在受到刚性夹板央紧作用下的应力分布、橡皮与钢夹之间的接触应力分布。从而分析止水橡皮的止水性能。     

Advanced mobility in difficult terrain

The development and success of the Swedish Combat Vehicle CV90 has demonstrated the abilities of the author in the field of terramechanics related to tracked military vehicles. The honour of the Bekker–Reece–Radforth Award 2002 has been granted in recognition of these achievements made during the author's employment at Hägglunds Vehicle AB since 1975. Hägglunds Vehicle AB has been a producer of military vehicles since the late 1950s, although the first years concentrated on production only. From the early 1960s, Hägglunds developed a number of its own tracked vehicles, all of which were influenced by the mobility demands dictated by their intended use in severe terrain conditions, such as those found in Northern Scandinavia. This paper presents a brief history of the advancement of tracked vehicle technology at Hägglunds Vehicle AB. The concepts discussed include: ground pressure, the number of road-wheels, articulated steering, track tension, track attack angle, sinkage, belly effects, and the use of terramechanic simulation. The success of the CV90 demonstrates that the combination of practical experience, terrain knowledge, and terramechanic simulations can effect substantial improvements in vehicle mobility. Evaluation of the CV90 versus other modern combat vehicles of the same class has shown that the CV90 possesses considerably higher mobility and speed under severe terrain conditions. These two attributes provide CV90 with the ability to access terrain that similar vehicles cannot, thus giving the military user greater mobility options.     

Upper error bounds on calculated outputs of interest for linear and nonlinear structural problems

This Note introduces new strict upper error bounds on outputs of interest for linear as well as time-dependent nonlinear structural problems calculated by the finite element method. Small-displacement problems without softening, such as (visco)plasticity problems, are included through the standard thermodynamics framework involving internal state variables. To cite this article: P. Ladevèze, C. R. Mecanique 334 (2006).     

Large-eddy simulation study of upstream boundary conditions influence upon a backward-facing step flowÉtude par simulation des grandes échelles de l'influence des conditions aux limites amont sur l'écoulement derrière une marche descendante

We use Large Eddy Simulation to investigate the influence of upstream boundary conditions on the development of a backward facing step flow. The first inlet condition consists of a mean turbulent boundary layer velocity profile perturbed by a white noise. The second relies upon a precursor calculation where the development of a quasi-temporal turbulent boundary layer is simulated. In this case, the quasi-longitudinal vortices in the upstream turbulent boundary-layer trigger the destabilization of the shear layer just behind the step, resulting in a shortening of the recirculation length and an increase of the characteristic frequency associated to the Kelvin–Helmholtz vortices. The mean flow and the characteristic frequencies of pressure fluctuations are strongly dependent of the upstream flow. It demonstrates the importance of realistic boundary conditions for the simulation of complex 3D flows or for flow control simulations. To cite this article: J.-L. Aider, A. Danet, C. R. Mecanique 334 (2006).     

Quelques aspects de l'écoulement potentiel autour d'un corps en rotation

On the basis of simple conformal mappings, we present a method to describe a two-dimensional potential flow around a rotating obstacle of arbitrary section. As a result, a simplified expression of the matrix of added mass and added moment of inertia is obtained. We also underline the need to determine this perturbation potential all over the fluid domain. Indeed, this is of practical interest in order to express the hydrodynamic moment in incompressible viscous flow. To cite this article: Y.-M. Scolan, C. R. Mecanique 333 (2005).     

Derivation of a well-posed and multidimensional drift-flux model for boiling flows

In this Note, we derive a multidimensional drift-flux model for boiling flows. Within this framework, the distribution parameter is no longer a scalar but a tensor that might account for the medium anisotropy and the flow regime. A new model for the drift-velocity vector is also derived. It intrinsically takes into account the effect of the friction pressure loss on the buoyancy force. On the other hand, we show that most drift-flux models might exhibit a singularity for large void fraction. In order to avoid this singularity, a remedy based on a simplified three field approach is proposed. To cite this article: O. Grégoire, M. Martin, C. R. Mecanique 333 (2005).