大尺寸电阻加热式碳化硅晶体生长热场设计与优化

大尺寸低缺陷碳化硅(SiC)单晶体是功率器件和射频(RF)器件的重要基础材料,物理气相传输(physical vapor transport, PVT)法是目前生长大尺寸SiC单晶体的主要方法。获得大尺寸高品质晶体的核心是通过调节组分、温度、压力实现气相组分在晶体生长界面均匀定向结晶,同时尽可能减小晶体的热应力。本文对电阻加热式8英寸(1英寸=2.54 cm)碳化硅大尺寸晶体生长系统展开热场设计研究。首先建立描述碳化硅原料受热分解热质输运及其多孔结构演变、系统热输运的物理和数学模型,进而使用数值模拟方法研究加热器位置、加热器功率和辐射孔径对温度分布的影响及其规律,并优化热场结构。数值模拟结果显示,通过优化散热孔形状、保温棉的结构等设计参数,电阻加热式大尺寸晶体生长系统在晶锭厚度变化、多孔介质原料消耗的情况下均能达到较低的晶体横向温度梯度和较高的纵向温度梯度。     

新型BT-BMT-xBNT无铅高储能密度陶瓷研究

本文采用传统固相反应法,成功制备了新型无铅弛豫铁电陶瓷(1-x)[0.9BaTiO₃-0.1Bi(Mg_0.25Ta_0.5)O₃]-xBi_0.5Na_0.5TiO₃。结果表明,较高居里温度的Bi_0.5Na_0.5TiO₃的引入,使得材料体系中建立了更多的以Bi—O耦合为主的极性纳米区域,弥补了因Bi(Mg_0.25Ta_0.5)O₃的加入导致的宏观极化强度的减少,提高了材料的饱和极化强度,实现了较高储能密度的同时具有更好的温度稳定性。在245 kV/cm电场强度下,x=0.2样品的储能密度约为4.01 J/cm³,储能效率约为84.86%,同时该组分在20~170 ℃储能密度的变化率小于5%,储能效率的变化率小于6%,表现出优异的温度稳定性。     

1200 V碳化硅功率MOSFET低温特性的实验表征及分析

碳化硅功率MOSFET是宽禁带功率半导体器件的典型代表,具有优异的电气性能。基于低温环境下的应用需求,研究了1200 V碳化硅功率MOSFET在77.7 K至300 K温区的静/动态特性,定性分析了温度对碳化硅功率MOSFET性能的影响。实验结果显示,温度从300 K降低至77.7 K时,阈值电压上升177.24%,漏-源极击穿电压降低32.99%,栅极泄漏电流降低82.51%,导通电阻升高1142.28%,零栅压漏电流降低89.84%(300 K至125 K)。双脉冲测试显示,开通时间增大8.59%,关断时间降低16.86%,开关损耗增加48%。分析发现,碳化硅功率MOSFET较高的界面态密度和较差的沟道迁移率,是导致其在低温下性能劣化的主要原因。     

BaPbO_3－Nd_2O_3系陶瓷导电性研究

研究了ＢａＰｂＯ３－Ｎｄ２Ｏ３系陶瓷的导电性，研究表明，此系统陶瓷的导电载流子是氧缺位中存在的施主电子；添加适量的Ｎｄ２Ｏ３，可以改善ＢａＰｂＯ３陶瓷的导电性和ＰＴＣ特性     

ZnVSb基压敏陶瓷中尖晶石相形成机理的研究

ZnO压敏电阻陶瓷是一种典型的“晶界特性”功能陶瓷材料，材料的宏观电学特性与陶瓷的显微组织结构有密切联系。由于ZnSb尖晶石相在使ZnO基压敏电阻陶瓷显微形貌细化和均匀化方面有明显促进作用，自ZnO基压敏电阻发明以来．ZnSb尖晶石在其中的形成机理就成为该陶瓷研究领域的热点。     

Enhancement of corrosion resistance of electrocodeposited Ni–SiC composites by magnetic field

The corrosion behavior and surface morphology of Ni–SiC composite coatings produced by electrodeposition with the aid of magnetic field were studied. The results of the electrochemical analysis including polarization resistance and potentiodynamic polarization curves showed that a magnetic field of 0.1 T could significantly improve the corrosion resistance of the composite. The electrochemical impedance spectra revealed that a passive layer was formed on the surface of the Ni–SiC coating with the magnetic field. The microstructures of electrodeposited Ni–SiC composite coatings were also examined. More SiC particles were found to be incorporated into the coating with the presence of magnetic field, which was considered to be one of the reasons for the enhancement of corrosion resistance as SiC particles were reported to be corrosion inhibitors. Contribution to special issue “Magnetic field effects in Electrochemistry”     

单相Ba2Ti9O20柠檬酸凝胶法制备、表征及介电性能

采用柠檬酸凝胶法两步热处理工艺制备了单相Ba₂Ti₉O₂₀。干凝胶在750 ℃热处理得到了物相为BaTi₅O₁₁和Ba₄Ti₁₃O₃₀、尺寸为30～50 nm的前驱体粉体。纳米前驱体具有高表面活性，促使单相Ba₂Ti₉O₂₀在1 200 ℃热处理温度下形成。两步热处理所得的粉体比一步热处理所得的粉体具有更好的烧结和介电特性，两步热处理所得的粉体，在1 250 ℃烧结4 h，可获得理论密度为97%的Ba₂Ti₉O₂₀微波介质陶瓷，其介电性能：ε_r=38.5，Qf=19 320 GHz，τ_f=8.7×10^-6 ℃^-1。     

Preparation and Characterization of Polyborosiloxanesand Their Blends with Phenolic Resin as ShapeableCeramic Precursors简

Two polyborosiloxanes(PBSis) with char yield up to 74.13% at 800 °C were synthesized by the direct polycondensation of boric acid with phenyltrimethoxysilane in diglyme. The PBSis were characterized by gel permeation chromatography, IR spectroscopy as well as1H-,29Si- and11B-NMR. PBSi modified phenol-formaldehyde resins(PBSi/PFs) were prepared at different PBSi/PF mass ratios and were cured at 150 °C. The PBSi/PFs were characterized by IR spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, thermogravimetric analysis and tensile test. The results revealed that the cured PBSi/PFs had sea-island morphology and higher char yield than the common PF. PBSi/PF blend with PBSi/PF mass ratio of 0.4:1 had char yield up to 70.83% at 800 °C. The PBSi/PFs had tensile strength similar to PF. The ceramization of PBSi/PFs was also studied. The silicon boron oxycarbide(SiBOC) ceramics formed were characterized by IR spectroscopy and elemental analysis. This method provided a valuable way to prepare easily shapeable polymer blends as ceramic precursors.     

Er~(3+)-Yb~(3+)掺杂SiO_2-SrO-NaF玻璃陶瓷的制备及表征

采用熔融晶化法制备了主晶相为SrF_2的Er~(3+)-Yb~(3+)共掺透明氟氧化物玻璃陶瓷,利用DSC、XRD、SEM、UV-Vis-NIR和荧光光谱对样品的结构、形貌、发光性能进行了测试与表征。研究表明:该体系玻璃最佳热处理温度为620℃,最佳热处理时间为2h,并讨论了Yb~(3+)不同掺杂浓度对Er~(3+)-Yb~(3+)共掺玻璃陶瓷样品上转换发光性能的影响,确定Er~(3+)-Yb~(3+)最佳掺杂浓度比为1∶7,同时观察到了明亮的绿光(522,540 nm)和较弱的红光(656 nm),对Er~(3+)和Yb~(3+)之间的能量传递过程进行了讨论。     

Molecularly engineered graphene surfaces for sensing applications: A review

Graphene is scientifically and commercially important because of its unique molecular structure which is monoatomic in thickness, rigorously two-dimensional and highly conjugated. Consequently, graphene exhibits exceptional electrical, optical, thermal and mechanical properties. Herein, we critically discuss the surface modification of graphene, the specific advantages that graphene-based materials can provide over other materials in sensor research and their related chemical and electrochemical properties. Furthermore, we describe the latest developments in the use of these materials for sensing technology, including chemical sensors and biosensors and their applications in security, environmental safety and diseases detection and diagnosis.