液主光纤吸光度增幅倍率和减幅效应机理

本文应用光纤理论研究了液心光纤吸光度增幅倍率与减幅效应机理,并与实验结果进行比较,证实了它们的产生机理均源于光在液心光纤中的散射与传播方式,主要由样品与溶剂的散射特性所决定。     

超声空化对丙酮激光喇曼光谱的影响

本研究设计了一种可吸入超声的喇曼光谱样品池,对丙酮的激光喇光曼谱的检测表明,超声空化降低了喇曼光谱的强度,我们认为,超声空化减少了激光光路上参与散射的丙酮分子数是光谱强度降低的主要原因。     

利用多元散射校正提高油菜籽脂肪酸近红外分析精度

近红外光谱技术可对完整油菜籽进行快速无损检测分析,但因受样品装填密度、颗粒大小及分布不均匀等物理因素的影响,光谱测量散射误差较大.本文利用MSC技术、相关分析和微分预处理光谱数据,结合PLS回归建模和交叉验证方法,建立了油菜籽脂肪酸近红外光谱分析模型.研究表明,MSC校正和其它光谱预处理方法相结合显著地提高了模型的分析精度,减少了模型的PLS主因子数.     

高能闪光照相中钨球散射规律研究

 用解析法和Monte Carlo法研究了钨球闪光X光照相的散射照射量空间分布随钨球半径、系统中元件构成以及保护器件与记录平面间距的变化规律。指出散射照射量的空间分布是不均匀的，它随球半径增加而变大；保护器件是散射照射量的主要来源，增加从保护器件到记录平面的距离，可以降低散射分布不均匀性，以及有效地减少散射。     

pH值对KDP晶体中散射颗粒的影响

 探讨了不同pH值对KDP晶体散射颗粒的影响。结果表明，不同pH值生长条件下生长的KDP晶体中散射颗粒的尺寸、密度呈现明显差异，pH值为5.5条件下KDP晶体中散射颗粒尺寸明显变大，分布稀疏；pH值为2.0时，散射颗粒密度高，尺寸小。其原因在于形成散射的杂质颗粒的存在形式不同。     

A scatter search algorithm for project scheduling under partially renewable resources

In this paper we develop a heuristic algorithm, based on Scatter Search, for project scheduling problems under partially renewable resources. This new type of resource can be viewed as a generalization of renewable and non-renewable resources, and is very helpful in modelling conditions that do no fit into classical models, but which appear in real timetabling and labor scheduling problems. The Scatter Search algorithm is tested on existing test instances and obtains the best results known so far.     

Projection based scatter depth functions and associated scatter estimators

In this article, we study a class of projection based scatter depth functions proposed by Zuo [Y. Zuo, Robust location and scatter estimators in multivariate analysis, The Frontiers in Statistics, Imperial College Press, 2005. Invited book chapter to honor Peter Bickel on his 65th Birthday]. In order to use the depth function effectively, some favorable properties are suggested for the common scatter depth functions. We show that the proposed scatter depth totally satisfies these desirable properties and its sample version possess strong and uniform consistency. Under some regularity conditions, the limiting distribution of the empirical process of the scatter depth function is derived. We also found that the aforementioned depth functions assess the bounded influence functions.A maximum depth based affine equivariant scatter estimator is induced. The limiting distributions as well as the strong and consistency of the sample scatter estimators are established. The finite sample performance of the related scatter estimator shows that it has a very high breakdown point and good efficiency.     

Diversified local search strategy under scatter search framework for the probabilistic traveling salesman problem

This paper focuses on introducing a concept of diversified local search strategy under the scatter search framework for the probabilistic traveling salesman problem (PTSP). Different combinations of three commonly used local search methods in the PTSP, i.e., 1-shift, 2-opt, and 3-opt, were used to investigate its effects. A set of numerical experiments were conducted to test the validity of the proposed strategy based on randomly generated test instances. The numerical results and the permutation test showed that the diversified local search strategy, especially by combining 1-shift and 2-opt algorithms, can most effectively solve the homogeneous and heterogeneous PTSP in most of the tested instances in comparison with the single local search strategy under scatter search framework.     

Scatter search for the fleet size and mix vehicle routing problem with time windows

This work proposes a scatter search (SS) approach to solve the fleet size and mix vehicle routing problem with time windows (FSMVRPTW). In the FSMVRPTW the customers need to be serviced in their time windows at minimal costs by a heterogeneous fleet. Computational results on 168 benchmark problems are reported. Computational testing revealed that our algorithm presented better results compared to other methods published in the literature.     

通过向量角转换校正拉曼光谱中乘性干扰

拉曼光谱强度与物质量存在的线性关系会受到许多复杂因素破坏,包括激发光源、聚焦、散射、折射等,导致定量效果不佳。各种因素的干扰效应,总体上分成加性和乘性效应,而消除乘性效应的难度会更大一些。光谱序列信号可视为向量,信号强度对应向量的模量,而体现向量本质的方向属性不会受模量变化的影响。根据这一原理,利用向量的方向确定性,将信号的强度度量转换成空间角度度量,建立了一种消除乘性效应的方法。首先,选择一个与待定量组分相近而与背景空间近似正交的基准向量,并定义移动窗口; 然后,计算移动窗口内的光谱向量与基准向量的夹角,所得值存储为矩阵,完成角度描述转换。角度矩阵消除了乘性效应的干扰,而定量关系仍然近似线性,只要将该矩阵的秩满足多元统计建模要求,就可以用于多元校正,并得到良好结果。研究采用甲醇-乙醇-异丙醇混合体系,验证了消除乘性效应后改进的定量效果,对于积分时间波动的预测值与实际值,直接PLS方法的相关系数r为0.911 9,预测标准偏差（RMSEP）为0.110 2; 采用MSC预处理的r为0.906 0,RMSEP为0.100 8; 而本文提出的VAPLS的r为0.998 7,RMSEP为0.015 2。结果表明向量角转换度量处理后,光谱的乘性干扰得到了有效校正,拉曼定量分析准确性得到了提高。