原位自生TiC对低合金马氏体钢磨料磨损性能的影响

以新型含TiC马氏体钢Ti60和商用不含碳化物马氏体钢JFE400为研究对象,通过三体磨料磨损试验机研究在纯煤粉和纯煤粉掺杂40%(质量分数)石英砂为磨料下,TiC硬质相对低合金马氏体钢磨料磨损性能的影响及其作用机理. 结果表明:在纯煤粉环境下,Ti60钢的磨损体积大于JFE400钢;但在纯煤粉掺杂40%(质量分数)石英砂环境下,Ti60钢的磨损体积却小于JFE400钢. 根据磨痕表面的形貌,上述结果是由以下几方面综合作用造成的. 首先,两种环境下材料的磨损机制均主要是犁削磨损;其次,煤粉颗粒的层状结构及低硬度的特性,使得TiC硬质相对其犁削行为起不到阻碍作用,而块状结构且具有高硬度的石英砂颗粒的犁削行为则受到TiC硬质相的阻碍. 所以在纯煤环境下,基体硬度较大的JFE400钢,相对于基体硬度较小的Ti60钢,呈现出较优的抗磨料磨损的性能. 而在纯煤粉掺杂40%(质量分数)石英砂环境下,Ti60钢的抗磨粒磨损性能却优于JFE400钢.      

接触应力对FCB车轮钢组织演变与性能的影响

利用双盘滚动摩擦磨损试验机进行了贝氏体车轮钢的滚动磨损试验,采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、电子背散射衍射(EBSD)分析不同接触应力条件下贝氏体车轮钢次表层微观组织演变. 结果表明:在滚动磨损条件下,磨损机制由黏着磨损转变为疲劳磨损,增大接触应力对黏着磨损阶段的磨损量影响不大,但会显著增加疲劳磨损阶段的磨损量;贝氏体车轮钢在塑性变形的过程中,贝氏体铁素板条中位错逐渐增值、先累积形成小角度晶界,而后形成大角度晶界,使贝氏体铁素体发生细化;接触应力的大小影响表层组织的演变,当接触应力增至1 150 MPa时,晶粒细化为超细等轴晶,继续增加接触应力,组织变化并不明显. 接触应力大小会影响贝氏体车轮钢的表面硬度. 接触应力增加使贝氏体车轮钢的表面硬度增高,硬化层深度增大.      

基于椭球面断裂模型的高强钢刻痕杆低温断裂分析

对20个高强钢刻痕杆进行了低温(-45℃～-40℃)断裂试验,考察了高应力三维度下的高强钢低温断裂模式.试验显示:刻痕杆宏观断裂于刻痕根部,为解理断裂;刻弧半径r较小和刻弧较深(d/D较小)的试件,断裂延性较差,但断裂强度略高.基于椭球面屈服模型的数值模拟应力场显示,裂纹起裂于应力三维度较高的刻痕心部,当刻痕根部应力场达到建议的椭球面断裂模型临界值时,刻痕杆断裂.     

球形弹丸作用下钢/铝爆炸复合靶的抗侵彻性能

采用14.5 mm滑膛枪发射直径6 mm的钢质球形弹丸对双层钢/铝、3层钢/铝/钢爆炸复合靶进行侵彻实验,借助LS-DYNA3D非线性有限元程序进行数值模拟,应用固连-失效模型反映层间结合,分析了不同组合形式对靶板抗侵彻性能的影响,并对毁伤机理进行初步分析.结果表明:靶板总厚度一定时,3层靶的抗侵彻性能优于双层靶;双层...     

轴压FRP-混凝土-钢混合双管短柱数值模拟研究

为探讨FRP-混凝土-钢混合双管短柱的受压性能和约束机理,采用非线性有限元分析程序ANSYS,选取不同单元类型模拟不同制作方式的FRP管。假定混凝土达到抗压强度后强度不变,对轴压下FRP-混凝土-钢混合双管短柱受力过程进行了数值模拟。分析表明,数值计算结果与试验结果吻合良好,数值分析得出FRP-混凝土-钢混合双管短柱有...     

吕飞：理想与价值观

各位同仁：新年好! 在前不久举办的“百场CFO孵化工程公益巡讲进高校”活动上,我给在校的莘莘学子演讲的题目是“胸怀远大理想,不断完善自我”。可能有些人说,在这个信仰缺失、传统颠覆、人心浮躁的现实社会中,奢谈远大理想是否有些矫情？在这个物欲横流、金钱至上、人情淡漠的周遭环境中,畅谈自我完善是否有点儿阿Q精神？     

Spatial and temporal distribution of Q-switched laser pulses in multimode regimes

The spatial and temporal distribution of Q-switched diode-pumped solid-state laser （DPSSL） pulses is investigated in multimode regimes. A theory model of spatial and temporal distribution of multimode Q- switched DPSSL pulses is established. The influences of position, initial inversion population density, and mode ratio on pulse width are studied. The results show that the pulse expands in the position wherein two or more mode intensities are equivalent, and the pulse building time difference of the modes are less than one mode pulse width. These results can be applied in pulse compression and mode composition.     

Study of aluminum coating prepared by PVD used as anti-corrosion in liquid lead-bismuth

Liquid metals-such as lead （Pb） or lead-bismuth （PbBi） are used as reactor core coolants for accelerator driven systems （ADS） proposed for high-level radioactive waste transmutation. Compatibility of steels with liquid PbBi is a key problem because steels are attacked by dissolution of the components in PbBi, so it has to form a stable coating on steel surface. There are many methods to prepare anti-corrosion coatings on steel, such as hot dipping, pack cementation, plasma spaying, and physical vapor deposition （PVD）. Compared with other methods, the PVD method is easy to control the thickness of the coating and the obtained coatings are dense which is crucial to the anti-corrosion ability of the coatings. In this letter, PVD aluminum coatings are developed on the surface of T91 steel and different heat-treatment atmosphere is used to adjust the microstructure, aluminum content, and the phase of the coatings. It is found that the coatings have good adherence ability with steel. The aluminum content and the phase of the coating can be adjusted by the heat-treatment atmosphere. Corrosion tests are performed in oxygen-saturated liquid PbBi at 550 ℃ for 1 000 h, the phase and composition of the coating do not change drastically. All the results indicate that the PVD is a useful method to prepare coatings on the surface of steel used in liquid PbBi.     

空间异型双曲面钢屋盖缺陷稳定性分析及试验研究

南通体育会展中心钢屋盖为空间异型双曲面,结构高跨比和矢跨比均较小,稳定性分析是其设计中的一个关键问题。本文在体育馆缩尺模型试验基础上,对其钢屋盖结构进行了几何非线性和双非线性稳定分析,分别采用实测缺陷法、一致缺陷模态法、改进随机缺陷法考虑结点位置偏差缺陷的影响。结果表明：实测缺陷法双非线性分析结果是评估体育馆屋盖结构实际安全性的重要依据;一致模态法的临界荷载概率可靠度较低。通过改进随机缺陷法,对该屋盖结构的稳定性能有了比较全面的认识,并定量分析了设计临界荷载和一致模态法分析的临界荷载的可靠性。