全文获取类型
收费全文 | 6028篇 |
免费 | 157篇 |
国内免费 | 587篇 |
专业分类
化学 | 2528篇 |
晶体学 | 52篇 |
力学 | 412篇 |
综合类 | 6篇 |
数学 | 473篇 |
物理学 | 3301篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 5篇 |
2023年 | 62篇 |
2022年 | 59篇 |
2021年 | 59篇 |
2020年 | 108篇 |
2019年 | 97篇 |
2018年 | 105篇 |
2017年 | 135篇 |
2016年 | 165篇 |
2015年 | 180篇 |
2014年 | 274篇 |
2013年 | 620篇 |
2012年 | 262篇 |
2011年 | 502篇 |
2010年 | 361篇 |
2009年 | 426篇 |
2008年 | 410篇 |
2007年 | 412篇 |
2006年 | 349篇 |
2005年 | 251篇 |
2004年 | 250篇 |
2003年 | 203篇 |
2002年 | 190篇 |
2001年 | 166篇 |
2000年 | 170篇 |
1999年 | 135篇 |
1998年 | 128篇 |
1997年 | 88篇 |
1996年 | 75篇 |
1995年 | 93篇 |
1994年 | 71篇 |
1993年 | 60篇 |
1992年 | 60篇 |
1991年 | 43篇 |
1990年 | 24篇 |
1989年 | 36篇 |
1988年 | 29篇 |
1987年 | 21篇 |
1986年 | 12篇 |
1985年 | 10篇 |
1984年 | 10篇 |
1983年 | 8篇 |
1982年 | 10篇 |
1981年 | 6篇 |
1980年 | 9篇 |
1979年 | 4篇 |
1978年 | 3篇 |
1976年 | 3篇 |
1974年 | 2篇 |
1973年 | 6篇 |
排序方式: 共有6772条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
151.
In this work we address the optimization of mixed conductivity in fluorite compounds based on zirconia. Phase relations of the new systems YbO1.5-NbO2.5-ZrO2, and CaO-NbO2.5-ZrO2 are presented. The limit of the cubic defect fluorite phase in YbO1.5-NbO2.5-ZrO2 closely resembles that of the system YO1.5-NbO2.5-ZrO2, whilst in CaO-NbO2.5-ZrO2 is narrow extending to include composition Ca0.255Nb0.15Zr0.595O1.82 at 1500°C. The influence of dopant ion size, charge and composition on ionic conduction is assessed and parallels are drawn with the systems YO1.5-NbO2.5-ZrO2 and YO1.5-TiO2-ZrO2. Comparison of these results with published data on the Ti containing systems CaO-TiO2-ZrO2, GdO1.5-TiO2-ZrO2 shows that the highest mixed conducting compositions can only be offered in the system YO1.5-TiO2-ZrO2 out of all the systems here studied. 相似文献
152.
The results of this study reveals not only the sensitivity of the compatibility of PS with SBR to the molecular weight (MW) of PS and temperature, but also some other interesting characteristics, i. e., unusual morphology change during the process of mixing with increase in temperature of specimen preparation observed under optical microscope and double-peak UCST curves for three blends with PS of low MW from DSC data. Acording to the amount of inward shift of the component T_g's and the broadening of the transition regions, it may be said that this polymer pair is compatible only when the MW of PS is low, and even then there still exists micro-heterogeneity. 相似文献
153.
The phase transitions of a new group of mesogens, 2-(4-alkoxyphenyl)-6-substituted benzothiazoles were thermodynamically studied by DSC, and their transition temperatures and enthalpy changes were measured, from which the transition entropy changes were calculated. The results obtained were discussed. In addition, the phe-nomenon of super-cooling of the compounds were quantitatively observed. 相似文献
154.
Eric Monflier Sbastien Tilloy Georges Fremy Yves Castanet Andr Mortreux 《Tetrahedron letters》1995,36(52):9481-9484
Solvent free biphasic hydroformylalion of various water-insoluble terminal olefins can be achieved in high yields and sclcctivitics by using a water-soluble rhodium/triphenylphosphine trisulfonate catalyst and per(2,6-di-o-mclhyl)-β-cyclodcxtrin as inverse phase transfer catalyst. The catalytic activities were up to ten times higher than those observed without pcr(2,6-di-o-methyl)-β-cyclodextrin. 相似文献
155.
The enzyme catalyzed conversion of R/S-(±)-2-octanol with hexanoic acid to R/S-(±)-2-octyl hexanoate has been studied in
different microenvironments and in the presence of the competing substrate ethanol. The reactions were performed in various
gels made from aqueous gelatin solutions and liposome dispersions or isotropic liquid solutions, with or without oil and ethanol.
The lipase Candida sp. (SP 525) was dissolved in the dispersions or solutions stabilized by the naturally occurring zwitterionic surfactant
soybean lecithin. The sectioned porous gel was immersed in hexane containing 0.33 mol dm-3 of racemic 2-octanol and hexanoic acid. Since ethanol acts both as a substrate and as a part of the gel it is of fundamental
interest to know the phase behaviour of the used systems. Partial phase diagrams for the systems ethanol–water–soybean lecithin
and ethanol/water (7:3)–oil–soybean lecithin were determined at 298.2 K. The oil was either castor oil or hexadecane. The
conversion of R-2-octyl hexanoate was about 0.45 when no or small amounts of ethanol was present, but decreased considerably
with high amounts of ethanol present and ethyl hexanoate became the main product. Hydrolysis of R-2-octyl hexanoate was favoured
in the latter systems and hexanoic acid formed was immediately esterified to ethyl hexanoate. The conversion of R-2-octyl
hexanoate and ethyl hexanoate depends only on the ethanol content present in the systems and is thus independent of the environment
of the enzyme. However, the chiral esters synthesized from racemic 2-octanol and hexanoic acid showed high optical purities
regardless of the ethanol content.
Received: 1 July 1996 Accepted: 30 August 1996 相似文献
156.
Quanwei?Yu Jens?Fr?mmel Thomas?WolffEmail author Karel?Procházka 《Colloid and polymer science》2004,282(9):1039-1043
Solid stoichiometric complexes of [3,12]-ionene and dodecyl sulfate form upon reaction of the bromide of the ionene and the silver salt of dodecyl sulfate in methanol. IR, DSC, and TG investigations indicated that the solid complexes are stable between 30 and 120 °C. TG and DSC also showed that the complexes easily take up water at ambient conditions. These samples are optically isotropic. When exposed to an increased humidity they exhibit optical anisotropy, i.e., birefringence, which is caused by the formation of a hexagonal mesogenic phase. Mesogenicity is necessarily accompanied by a further uptake of water (4–5 H2O molecules per ionic unit), which is dependent on the relative humidity. The phase behavior as a function of temperature and controlled relative humidity was studied using birefringence measurements and polarizing microscopy. 相似文献
157.
研究了水溶性钌-膦配合物催化肉桂醛选择加氢反应中,相转移剂和表面活性剂对反应转化率和选择性的影响,考察了表面活性剂CTAB(十六烷基三甲溴化铵)浓度以及影响两相界面性质的因素—水相和有机相体积比、有机溶剂的改变等的影响.结果表明,相转移剂可以促进反应进行,其中以季铵盐相转移剂最好;表面活性剂能够显著地加快反应,其中以阳离子表面活性剂的效果最佳,且分子中含有长链烷基者(如CTAB)效果更好,非离子和阴离子表面活性剂的效果较差;对于CTAB,其浓度的增加导致反应速度的明显加快,但CTAB浓度达到1.65×10-2mol/L之后,反应体系乳化严重,反应完成后,两相分离变得困难.而增加水相体积和加入适当的有机溶剂,有利于转化率和选择性的提高. 相似文献
158.
159.
Marián Kucharík František Šimko Vladimír Danielik Miroslav Boča Roman Vasiljev 《Monatshefte für Chemie / Chemical Monthly》2007,138(12):1211-1215
Summary. The phase diagram of the system Na3AlF6–NaVO3 was determined by means of thermal analysis. The system is a simple binary eutectic one. The eutectic point was estimated
at x(NaVO3) = 0.975 and t
eut = 617°C. The XRD patterns of samples after thermal analysis revealed the presence of cryolite and NaVO3 only supporting the above assumption of a simple eutectic binary system. 相似文献
160.
A.?González-Pérez J.?M.?RusoEmail author G.?Prieto F.?Sarmiento 《Colloid and polymer science》2004,282(4):351-356
The interactions of sodium dodecyl sulphate with ovalbumin in aqueous solution at room temperature are described for a wide concentration range of both substances. A phase diagram covering a wide range of concentrations shows a total of five different morphologies. Dynamic light scattering of the samples from each morphology offered better understanding of the different structures (between three and four) present in the solution. The amount of ovalbumin present in the solution was confirmed with differential scanning spectroscopy, while the interactions between sodium dodecyl sulphate and ovalbumin were interpreted by zeta potential and electrical conductivity measurements. 相似文献