Flow-field dynamics of the non-reacting and reacting jet in a vitiated cross-flow

The dynamics of a premixed ethylene-air jet injected transverse to a vitiated cross-flow were investigated using high-repetition rate particle image velocimetry (PIV). Both non-reacting and reacting jets were found to be characterized by a dominant frequency associated with the jet wake vortex system. For the isothermal jet, increasing the momentum flux ratio (J) has only a slight effect on the frequency of the oscillation but significantly increases its magnitude. The reacting jet was found to exhibit different behavior, with a monotonic increase in the dominant frequency with J. The jet equivalence ratio (?_j) was found to have little effect on the rate of wake vortex shedding but affects the overall magnitude of the oscillation. Comparison with data reported in the literature suggests the relationship between the wake Strouhal number (St_w) and J is fuel dependent. Application of a vortex detection algorithm shows a stark difference in the location of the wake vortices under non-reacting and reacting conditions. Under isothermal conditions, the vortices are found close to the jet centerline and dissipate relatively quickly. Reaction confines the vortices to a narrow shear layer until a farther distance downstream and the vortices convect through the entire area of interest. Additionally, the vortex circulation strength was found to increase with J. Proper orthogonal decomposition (POD) analysis of the non-reacting and reacting jets demonstrates the dominance of the wake vortex structures in the oscillating flow fields. In both cases, the temporal information extracted from the most energetic modes is identical to the dominant frequencies measured in the flow fields. The primary effect of heat release is to reduce the overall amount of coherence and to delay the appearance of elevated coherence levels until a larger streamwise distance from the jet exit.     

过渡流下近壁插入圆柱对壁面强化传热的影响

本文利用基于复合网格系统的计算方法,对Re=50～1200的近壁插入圆柱流场进行数值模拟,研究过渡流状态下在壁面附近插入圆柱对下游壁面传热强化的影响。并基于低速循环水槽流动实验台,采用粒子成像测试法(PIV)对Re=100～500的近壁插入圆柱流场进行可视化实验研究,验证了数值模拟方法的可靠性。研究结果表明:近壁插入圆柱流场在Re=100时进入过渡流状态;Re直接影响圆柱尾流中周期性涡脱和壁面涡岛的发生位置及其洗刷效应的大小,随着Re的增大,洗刷效应明显增强,因而,过渡流范围内Re越大,圆柱下游壁面传热强化越大。     

气固两相槽道湍流拟序结构变动的PIV测量

运用粒子成像测速仪(PIV)对壁面雷诺数为Re_τ=430、质量载荷为0.25×10~(-3)～5×10~(-3)的110μm聚乙烯颗粒加入前后的水平槽道湍流变动进行了研究。实验结果表明低载荷下气相湍流变动源于颗粒对湍流拟序结构的作用。颗粒的存在抑制了湍流拟序结构的发展,使得湍流准流向结构长度减小、猝发频率降低、猝发强度减弱;另外,颗粒尾涡脱落还导致了壁面附近的气相剪切雷诺应力增强。     

水泵吸水池后台阶内部流场试验研究

本文利用 PIV 技术测量了卧式开放式水泵吸水池内部台阶附近的流场,得到了定常不同工况下的流场速度分布图等水力参数结果,通过对试验结果的分析发现,台阶高度、进口来流速度和淹没深度的变化对吸水池内部流场都产生重要的影响.     

翼型近尾迹流动的PIV研究

利用在线式互相关PIV系统,在低速风洞中对NACA0012翼型的近尾迹流动进行了实验研究。实验结果表明,翼型近尾迹存在有序的涡街结构,涡街在尾缘处形成后,在向下游的迁移中,会经历一个发展壮大,失稳破碎,最终演化为湍流的过程、本文分析了近尾迹流动结构、流动机制,探讨了近尾迹流动中旋涡和涡街的稳定性．本文指出在翼型尾缘处采用恰当的流动控制措施,可以改变尾流与其下游物体相互作用的形式和机制,以达到兴利除弊的目的。     

二维喷动床颗粒流动的脉动特性实验研究

二维喷动床横截面为152 mm×15 mm,锥角为60°,喷口宽度为9 mm,实验物料为平均粒径2.0 mm的玻璃珠.床体的颗粒流动表现出整体的喷动周期性,属于不连贯喷动流型.本文基于PIV处理颗粒流动图像获得了颗粒流动的瞬时速度;基于功率谱密度分布对瞬时速度的分析结果表明,喷射区轴线的中下部颗粒存在较强的速度脉动,环隙区颗粒速度脉动较弱;研究发现喷动周期与床体压力脉动周期基本一致.     

具有强迫过流旋转圆盘系统流动实验研究

应用PIV技术,实验研究了具有大的径向过流的动静圆盘系统间隙内流动.实验在流量系数Cw=26705和间隙比G=0.0845下,实验获得了在不同雷诺数和过流方向时的涡量、湍流强度、雷诺应力和速度分布.实验表明过流方向是流场结构变化的主要因素.同时,实验发现了一个重要的物理现象,即具有强迫过流的动静圆盘系统的流场分布,是由无过流时的动静圆盘系统流场和具有强迫过流双静止圆盘系统流场的叠加而形成.     

Observation of gelation process and particle distribution during sol–gel synthesis by particle image velocimetry

The gelation of alcogels mixed with microparticles of the nonlinear optical material BaTiO₃ was studied with Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV). It is shown that the distribution of the microparticles in the gel is homogeneous and that the gelation occurs continuously throughout the gel body. We demonstrate that PIV is a useful method to study the gelation kinetics: The transition from a colloidal solution to a gel can be measured without any assumption on the rheology of the colloidal solution. The detected linear decrease of the flow velocity with time is described as the linear part of the critical behavior.     

水洞流场PIV显示与分析系统离轴测试校正

粒子图像测速技术(PIV)通过测量被测流场截面上每一位置点的速度,获得整个被测流场的信息.在PIV一般应用中所使用的照明激光片光与成像CCD装置的拍摄方向是垂直的,在某些应用场合受测试条件的限制,需要采用离轴方式进行测量,此时CCD成像方向与照明的激光片光不垂直,而是有一定夹角.离轴测试方式将对PIV系统的光学成像系统、示踪粒子选择和粒子图像处理带来影响.实验采用Scheimpflug离轴聚焦的方法对表面镀银高反射率的示踪粒子进行成像,通过调整成像透镜与CCD像面的夹角可获得清晰的粒子成像,并利用网格校正板和软件计算处理等方法有效校正了由于离轴测试带来的影响.