A comparative XPS and UPS study of VOx layers on mineral TiO2(001)‐anatase supports

Four vanadium oxide layers on mineral TiO₂(001)‐anatase supports with different thickness (3–33 Å) were prepared with reactive d.c. magnetron sputtering and were extensively studied with photoelectron spectroscopy. Al Kα radiation and 150 eV synchrotron radiation were used as excitation sources. The evolution of the 2p, 3s and 3p core level line shapes of V and Ti as a function of the vanadium oxide thickness was studied, as well as the O1s and O2s core lines and the valence band. All the V2p spectra of the deposited vanadium oxide layers consist of at least 60% V⁵⁺, the rest being V⁴⁺. The V3p region is complicated by multiplet splitting, which prevents the determination of the vanadium oxidation state. The V3p multiplet splitting is different for the two excitation energies. No reduction of the titania support surface due to the vanadium oxide deposition was observed. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Fluorinated,crosslinkable terpolymers based on vinylidene fluoride and bearing sulfonic acid side groups for fuel‐cell membranes

The radical terpolymerization of 8‐bromo‐1H,1H,2H‐perfluorooct‐1‐ene with vinylidene fluoride (VDF) and perfluoro(4‐methyl‐3,6‐dioxaoct‐7‐ene) sulfonyl fluoride is presented. Changing the feed compositions of these three fluorinated comonomers enabled us to obtain different random‐type poly[vinylidene fluoride‐ter‐perfluoro(4‐methyl‐3,6‐dioxaoct‐7‐ene) sulfonyl fluoride‐ter‐8‐bromo‐1H,1H,2H‐perfluorooct‐1‐ene] terpolymers containing various sulfonyl fluoride and brominated side groups. Yields higher than 70% were reached in all cases. The hydrolysis of the sulfonyl fluoride group into the ? SO₃Li function in the presence of lithium carbonate was quantitatively achieved without the content of VDF being affected, and so dehydrofluorination of the VDF base unit was avoided. These original terpolymers were then crosslinked via dangling bromine atoms in the presence of a peroxide/triallyl isocyanurate system, which produced films insoluble in organic solvents such as acetone and dimethylformamide (which totally dissolved uncured terpolymers). The acidification of ? SO₃Li into the ? SO₃H function enabled protonic membranes to be obtained. The thermal stabilities of the crosslinked materials were higher than those of the uncured terpolymers, and their electrochemical performances were investigated. According to the contents of the sulfonic acid side functions, the ion‐exchange capacities ranged from 0.6 to 1.5 mequiv of H⁺/g, whereas the water uptake and conductivities ranged from 5–26% (±11%) and from 0.5 to 6.0 mS/cm, respectively. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 44: 4566–4578, 2006     

光盘阵列系统的一种性能优化方法

提出了一种用低性能驱动器组建高性能光盘阵列系统性能的优化方法。针对传统的低性能光盘驱动器(驱动器内部数据传输率及接口速率均较低),提出了一种新型的数据传输模式。采用此优化方法可以使光盘阵列系统的整体性能得到较大地提高。同时还可以提高系统整体的性价比。     

Colossal magnetoresistance manganites: A new approach

Manganites of the LA_1−x Ca _x MnO₃ family show a variety of new and poorly understood electronic, magnetic and structural effects. Here we outline a new approach recently proposed by us, where we argue that due to strong Jahn-Teller (JT) coupling with phonons the twofold degeneratee _g states at the Mn sites dynamically reorganize themselves into localised, JT polaronsl with exponentially small inter-site hopping, and band-like, nonpolaronic statesb, leading to anew 2-band model for manganites which includes strong Coulomb and Hund’s couplings. We also discuss some results from a dynamical mean-field theory treatment of the model which explains quantitatively a wide variety of experimental results, including insulator-metal transitions and CMR, in terms of the influence of physical conditions on the relative energies and occupation of thel andb states. We argue that this microscopic coexistence of the two types of electronic states, and their relative occupation and spatial correlation is the key to manganite physics. Dedicated to Professor C N R Rao on his 70th birthday     

傅里叶变换红外光谱固体制样技术

通过对溴化钾与纳米固体超强酸样品的比例进行了探讨 ,得出制样时溴化钾与样品比例范围为1∶ 0 .0 0 1— 1∶ 0 .0 2 9,其最佳比例范围为 1∶ 0 .0 0 98— 1∶ 0 .0 1 5 ,并且应用于其他固体样品的测定 ,结果基本一致。同时得出 ,固体样品的最少检测量为 2 .0× 1 0 -5g     

Thermoanalytical methods in pharmaceutical technology

A short survey is given of some aspects of the application of thermoanalytical methods, especially differential thermal analysis (DTA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetry (TG), in solid-dosage technology. The usefulness of these methods in the prediction of drug-excipient compatibility, studies of solid-dispersion systems, the analysis of enantiomers and racemates, measurement of the time of tablet disintegration, the analysis of drug formulations and studies of the processes of grinding and drying of drugs is discussed.

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Zusammenfassung Es wird ein kurzer Überblick über einige Aspekte der Anwendung von thermoanalytischen Methoden, insbesondere von DTA, DSC und TG in der Feststoffdosierung gegeben. Weiterhin wird die Nützlichkeit dieser Methoden bei der Voraussage der Bindemittelverträglichkeit, bei der Untersuchung disperser Feststoffsysteme, bei der Analyse von Enantiomeren und Racematen, bei der Messung der Tablettenzerfallszeit, bei der Analyse der Arzneimittelformierung und bei der Untersuchung von Mahl- und Trocknungsprozessen bei Arzneimitteln diskutiert.

     

原子吸收法在有机分析中的应用（Ⅵ）香烟中氢氰酸的分析

原子吸收法在有机分析中的应用（Ⅵ）香烟中氢氰酸的分析谢志海，郎惠云，高云（西北大学化学系，西安，７１００６９）关键词：氢氰酸，测定，原子吸收光谱香烟中的尼古丁，烟焦油等含氮有机物燃烧后将产生氢氰酸，吸入人体后极为有害。国外在这方面的研究始于七十年代，...     

A necessary and sufficient condition of existence of positive solutions for nonlinear singular differential systems

In this paper, by means of monotone iterative technique, a necessary and sufficient condition of the existence of positive solution for a class of nonlinear singular differential system is established, the results of the existence and uniqueness of the positive solution and the iterative sequence of solution are given. In the end, two classes extending boundary value differential systems are discussed and some further results are obtained.     

Time saving fluid dynamic predictions in a wetting-drying process: A hypothesis for vertisols

This paper is aimed at investigating the effect of the initial water content in a vertisol sample on the whole wetting-drying process leading the system to a change in volume. In order to do this, an experimental setup was realized and employed with very thin soil layers wetted from below (“per ascensum”). The results show that the effect of the initial water content on the swelling-shrinkage process is to shift the corresponding curve e-ϑ towards bigger-smaller values of the humidity but does not seem to affect the dynamics of the process. The text was submitted by the authors in English.     

Cooling,identification and spectroscopy of super-heavy element ions

We briefly discuss some possibilities for cooling, identification and spectroscopy of super-heavy element (SHE) ions based on recent results obtained from studies of atomic and molecular ions in linear rf traps. Since these investigations only relied on the charge and the mass of the ion of interest, we believe it should be straight forward to adopt most of the techniques for SHE ion research.