Inside Cover: Uniform Growth of Nanocrystalline ZIF-8 on Cellulose Nanocrystals: Useful Template for Microporous Organic Polymers (Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 24/2023)

Zeolitic imidazolate framework (ZIF-8) nanocrystals were uniformly grown on the surface of cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) to give a hybrid material, ZIF@CNCs. By varying the stoichiometry of the components, it was possible to control the size of the ZIF-8 crystals grown on the CNC surface. Optimized ZIF@CNC ( ZIF@CNC-2 ) was used as a template to synthesize a microporous organic polymer (MOP), ZIF@MOP@CNC . After etching the ZIF-8 with 6 M HCl solution, a MOP material with encapsulated CNCs ( MOP@CNC ) was formed. Zinc coordination into the porphyrin unit of the MOP yielded the ship-in-a-bottle structure, Zn MOP@CNC , comprised of CNCs encapsulated within the Zn-MOP. In comparison to ZIF@CNC-2 , Zn MOP@CNC showed better catalytic activity and chemical stability for CO₂ fixation, converting epichlorohydrin to chloroethylene carbonate. This work demonstrates a novel approach to create porous materials through CNC templating.     

Turning on Asymmetric Catalysis of Achiral Metal-Organic Frameworks by Imparting Chiral Microenvironment

The development of heterogeneous asymmetric catalysts has attracted increasing interest in synthetic chemistry but mostly relies on the immobilization of homogeneous chiral catalysts. Herein, a series of chiral metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) have been fabricated by anchoring similar chiral hydroxylated molecules (catalytically inactive) with different lengths onto Zr-oxo clusters in achiral PCN-222(Cu). The resulting chiral MOFs exhibit regulated enantioselectivity up to 83 % ee in the asymmetric ring-opening of cyclohexene oxide. The chiral molecules furnished onto the catalytic Lewis sites in the MOF create multilevel microenvironment, including the hydrogen interaction between the substrate and the chiral −OH group, the steric hindrance endowed by the benzene ring on the chiral molecules, and the proximity between the catalytic sites and chiral molecules confined in the MOF pores, which play crucial roles and synergistically promote chiral catalysis. This work nicely achieves heterogeneous enantioselective catalysis by chiral microenvironment modulation around Lewis acid sites.     

A Microporous Hydrogen Bonded Organic Framework for Highly Selective Separation of Carbon Dioxide over Acetylene

The separation of acetylene (C₂H₂) from carbon dioxide (CO₂) is a very important but challenging task due to their similar molecular dimensions and physical properties. In terms of porous adsorbents for this separation, the CO₂-selective porous materials are superior to the C₂H₂-selective ones because of the cost- and energy-efficiency but have been rarely achieved. Herein we report our unexpected discovery of the first hydrogen bonded organic framework (HOF) constructed from a simple organic linker 2,4,6-tri(1H-pyrazol-4-yl)pyridine (PYTPZ) (termed as HOF-FJU-88) as the highly CO₂-selective porous material. HOF-FJU-88 is a two-dimensional HOFs with a pore pocket of about 7.6 Å. The activated HOF-FJU-88 takes up a high amount of CO₂ (59.6 cm³ g⁻¹) at ambient conditions with the record IAST selectivity of 1894. Its high performance for the CO₂/C₂H₂ separation has been further confirmed through breakthrough experiments, in situ diffuse reflectance infrared spectroscopy and molecular simulations.     

疏水缔合聚合物分子量分布曲线的测定

在体积百分浓度为50%1,3-丙二醇、0.2 mol/L Na Cl和水溶剂条件下,消除疏水缔合聚合物(HAWSP)溶液中疏水缔合作用,屏蔽溶液中的聚电解质效应,使HAWSP分子在稀溶液中处于单分子分散状态.然后利用膜孔径分离原理,选择不同孔径的微孔滤膜,用微孔滤膜流动实验装置对疏水缔合聚合物进行分级,将不同分子量的聚合物分离开来.用二次方程拟合滤出液质量-过滤时间关系曲线得到各级分聚合物溶液的质量,以分光光度法测定各级分聚合物溶液的浓度,根据质量和浓度计算得到各级分的累积百分含量.结合静态光散射和毛细管法标定了疏水缔合聚合物Mark-Houwink方程[η]=0.182M~(0.586),用于准确测定疏水缔合聚合物各个级分的分子量.选择四参数方程曲线,根据各级分的分子量M和累积百分含量W,得到分子量的分布曲线.与动态光散射分析进行比较的结果表明,两种方法测试结果一致.     

Fabrication of microporous organic network@silica composite for high-performance liquid chromatographic separation of drugs and proteins

Microporous organic networks (MONs) that exhibit good stability and hydrophobicity are promising candidates for performing HPLC separation of small organic compounds. However, their applications in separating large analytes as well as biomolecules are still limited by the microporous nature of MONs. Herein, we demonstrated the fabrication of a MON-functionalized silica (MON@SiO₂), exhibiting micro and mesopores for the HPLC separations of small drugs as well as large analytes, such as flavones, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs), and proteins. MON was successfully modified on SiO₂ microspheres to yield the uniform and mono-dispersed MON@SiO₂. The separation mechanisms and performance of the MON@SiO₂ packed column were evaluated for a wide range of analytes, including neutral, acidic, basic compounds, drugs, and proteins. Compared with commercial C18 and SiO₂–NH₂ packed columns, the proposed MON@SiO₂ column afforded superior performance in the separations of flavones, NSAIDs, EDCs, and proteins. Moreover, the MON@SiO₂ column also offered good repeatability with intraday RSDs (n = 7) of <0.1%, <2.0%, <2.3%, and <0.7% for the retention time, peak height, peak area, and half peak width, respectively, for separating EDCs. This work proved the potential of using MONs in the HPLC separations of drugs and proteins.     

Selective Carbon Dioxide Capture in Antifouling Indole-based Microporous Organic Polymers

Intermolecular synergistic adsorption of indole and carbonyl groups induced by intermolecular hydrogen bonding makes microporous organic polymer(PTICBL)exhibit high CO2 uptake capacity(5.3 mmol·g^-1at 273 K)and selectivities(CO2/CH4=53,CO2/N2=107 at 273 K).In addition,we find that indole units in the PTICBL networks inhibit the attachment of bacteria(E.coil and S.aureus)on the surface of PTICBL and extend its service life in CO2 capture.     

A new 3-D microporous Ln(III)–Cu(I) framework constructed by pyridine-3,5-dicarboxylate

A new 3-D lanthanide-transition metal coordination polymer [LaCu(PDC)₂H₂O] _n (1) was hydrothermally synthesized from pyridine-3,5-dicarboxylic acid (H₂PDC) and characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, IR spectroscopy, and thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA). The microporous framework of 1 can be viewed as constructed by planar binuclear Cu₂(PDC)₄ building blocks and La(III) chains, a new structural motif in 3d-4f heterometallic coordination polymers. The sample exhibits strong blue emission in the solid state and retains its framework integrity up to ca 380°C.     

Microporous silica with nanolayer structure coated with renewable organic solvent film as a novel extracting phase: A combination of solid- and liquid-phase microextraction

A new method based on combination of solid- and liquid-phase microextraction was developed. For the first time, porous flower-like silica microstructures with nanometric layers were created on the surface of the stainless steel wire by a new facile hydrothermal process. The fiber, coated with a suitable organic solvent, was applied for microextraction of some organophosphorus pesticides from aqueous samples followed by gas chromatography-nitrogen phosphorous detection. Method detection limits were between 0.6 and 3 ng L⁻¹. Relative standard deviations for intra- and inter-day precision were 4.4–7.3% and 5.1–7.8%, respectively. Fiber-to-fiber reproducibility for five prepared fibers was 6.3–8.4%. Tap, river and waste water samples were analyzed for evaluation of the method in real sample analysis. Relative recoveries for spiked tap, river and waste water samples were in the range of 94–101%, 89–97% and 82–103%, respectively. In addition, the method was compared with two commercial solid-phase microextraction (SPME) fibers, single drop microextraction (SDME) and liquid-phase microextraction (LPME). The present method showed higher extraction efficiency as compared with SDME, LPME and commercial SPME fibers.     

高分子量级分含量对熔体挤出拉伸法制备聚丙烯微孔膜的影响

通过熔体挤出拉伸法以两种聚丙烯为原料制备微孔膜.通过考察原料分子量数据发现高分子量聚丙烯(PPH)在高分子量级分(重均分子量>106)含量上大于低分子量聚丙烯(F401).PPH的弛豫时间在相同条件下也远大于F401.红外二向光法结果表明,PPH在相同熔体牵伸比下片晶取向度较F401高.相同加工条件下PPH微孔膜片较F401成孔分布更均匀,孔径尺寸也更均匀.2种微孔膜孔隙率都随熔体牵伸比的增加而提高,微孔分布随着熔体牵伸比的提高和片晶取向度的增加而趋于均匀,孔尺寸也随之区域均匀.研究表明,聚合物树脂中高分子量级分含量是影响预制膜中片晶取向度、冷热拉伸成孔分布和尺寸均匀度的重要影响因素.     

无有机模板剂水热合成Co同晶取代的丝光沸石分子筛

在硅酸钠、硫酸铝、硝酸钴和氢氧化钠的全无机体系条件下, 采用无有机模板剂水热法合成了Co同晶取代的丝光沸石分子筛. 通过粉末X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、电感耦合等离子体(ICP)光谱、氮气吸附、紫外-可见(UV-Vis)光谱、热重(TG)分析等手段对所得固体产物的织构性质以及钴在分子筛中的存在状态进行了表征. 结果表明, 该方法成功地将Co离子引入到丝光沸石分子筛的骨架结构中, 未发现骨架外Co物种. 典型的合成条件为n(Co)/n(SiO₂) =0.01-0.04, n(SiO₂)/n(Al₂O₃) =20-50, n(H₂O)/n(SiO₂) =40, n(Na₂O)/n(SiO₂)=0.4, 晶化温度170 °C, 晶化时间3-7 d. 讨论了Na+离子在无有机模板剂合成中的结构导向作用. 全无机体系合成得到的产物无需进行传统的高温煅烧处理, 即可获得开放的微孔孔道, 实现了低成本、低能耗、环境友好的Co-丝光沸石的合成.