近地面折射率结构常数的长期测量和统计分析

统计分析了1997～2000年合肥地区一复杂地形处近地面折射率结构常数的测量数据。给出了不同下垫面、不同季节、不同高度上的统计结果。白天强弱依次为6月、5月、4月、9月、1月。白天水面上比草地上小,夜间比草地上大。不论白天还是夜晚,近地面结构常数都随高度递减,且3～10m高的结构常数递减较慢,10～15m高的结构常数递减较快。结构常数随月份的日变化与模式计算结果基本一致。     

大气折射率结构常数垂直分布特征

通过对我国安徽合肥、河北香河、云南昆明三个站址整层(0-30km)的大气折射率结构常数的观测资料的分析,得到了的垂直分布特征和统计特征;利用现有的高度分布模式进行了计算和分析,并在此基础上给出了自己的拟合公式。     

Synthesis of Moracin C and Its Derivatives with a 2-arylbenzofuran Motif and Evaluation of Their PCSK9 Inhibitory Effects in HepG2 Cells

Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) is a key factor in several cardiovascular diseases, as it is responsible for the elevation of circulating low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels in blood plasma by direct interaction with the LDL receptor. The development of orally available drugs to inhibit this PCSK9-LDLR interaction is a highly desirable objective. Here, we report the synthesis of naturally occurring moracin compounds and their derivatives with a 2-arylbenzofuran motif to inhibit PCSK9 expression. In addition, we discuss a short approach involving the three-step synthesis of moracin C and a divergent method to obtain various analogs from one starting material. Among the tested derivatives, compound 7 (97.1%) was identified as a more potent inhibitor of PCSK9 expression in HepG2 cells than berberine (60.9%). These results provide a better understanding of the structure–activity relationships of moracin derivatives for the inhibition of PCSK9 expression in human hepatocytes.     

Spatio-Temporal Variation of the Bacterial Communities along a Salinity Gradient within a Thalassohaline Environment (Saline di Tarquinia Salterns,Italy)

The “Saline di Tarquinia” salterns have been scarcely investigated regarding their microbiological aspects. This work studied the structure and composition of their bacterial communities along the salinity gradient (from the nearby sea through different ponds). The communities showed increasing simplification of pond bacterial diversity along the gradient (particularly if compared to those of the sea). Among the 38 assigned phyla, the most represented were Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria and Bacteroidetes. Differently to other marine salterns, where at the highest salinities Bacteroidetes dominated, preponderance of Proteobacteria was observed. At the genus level the most abundant taxa were Pontimonas, Marivita, Spiribacter, Bordetella, GpVII and Lentibacter. The α-diversity analysis showed that the communities were highly uneven, and the Canonical Correspondence Analysis indicated that they were structured by various factors (sampling site, sampling year, salinity, and sampling month). Moreover, the taxa abundance variation in relation to these significant parameters were investigated by Generalized Linear Models. This work represents the first investigation of a marine saltern, carried out by a metabarcoding approach, which permitted a broad vision of the bacterial diversity, covering both a wide temporal span (two years with monthly sampling) and the entire salinity gradient (from the nearby sea up to the crystallisation ponds).     

单元素二维原子晶体材料研究进展

非碳元素构成的二维单质原子晶体材料,具有与石墨烯相似的单层结构和物理性质,对它们的研究有望发掘一些崭新的性能及相关的应用,是当前凝聚态物理及新材料等相关领域的重要研究方向之一。文章详细介绍了近几年发展起来的单一元素所形成的二维原子晶体材料,分别对其结构、物性、应用前景等方面的研究进展进行了综述介绍。     

X波段磁绝缘线振荡器的数值模拟

在对磁绝缘线振荡器（MILO）慢波结构色散特性进行理论分析的基础上,结合负载限制型和渐变型MILO的特点,对X波段MILO慢波结构、阴极和中心阳极进行了设计。利用2.5维全电磁PIC程序进行粒子模拟,研究了输出功率与结构参数之间的关系,进一步优化MILO结构。在外加电压为510 kV,束流43 kA情况下,模拟得到平均功率2.83 GW的微波输出,中心频率为8.2 GHz,功率转换效率12.9%。     

液体性质与吸收能量对激光致声特性的影响

建立了激光致声的产生和测量系统,对蒸馏水、酒精和甘油中的激光致声进行测量分析,分别计算了这3种透明液体在体积模量(0.2~7.0 GPa)、动力粘性系数(0.001~30.000 Pa·s)和所吸收激光脉冲能量(10~400 mJ)变化时对应的激光致声的相关数值。实验和数值计算结果表明：激光致声的主频、峰值声压和声能随着透明液体体积模量的增加而增加;激光致声的峰值声压和声能随着动力粘性系数的增加而减小,随着击穿区所吸收的激光脉冲能量的增加而增加;动力粘性系数和击穿区所吸收的激光脉冲能量对主频的影响不明显。