锂离子二次电池碳负极材料的改性

作为锂离子二次电池的碳负极材料，其改性方面的研究内容主要有：引入非金属元素，引入金属元素，处理表面及其它方面。纺入的非金属元素有硼，硅，氮，磷和硫。引入的金属元素有钾，铝，镓和钒，镍，钴，铜，铁等过渡金属元素。表面处理的方法包括氧化，形成表面层等。     

Particle formation mechanism and kinetic model of ultrasonically initiated emulsion polymerization

A general kinetic model of particle formation in an ultrasonically initiated emulsion polymerization system is presented. This model takes into account homogeneous, micelle entry, and monomer droplet nucleation mechanism. The effects of the ultrasound in producing free radical, degrading free radical and influencing the fashion of the nucleation are also considered. Moreover, chain transfer to monomer and termination in the aqueous phase, capture of oligomer radicals by particles, and coagulation of particles are also considered. An analytical solution is obtained for the initial particle stage consideration. This model predicts that, if the desorption of radical from particles can be neglected, the concentration of the total radical in the aqueous phase is directly proportional to the cavitation concentration. Model predictions are in good agreement with experimental data obtained from the literature.     

有机溶剂对镧和钇ICP光谱信号的增敏机理研究

本文考察了有机溶剂（乙酸丁酯）及有机试剂（PMBP）引入ICP－AES对稀土元素镧和钇光谱信号的影响。实验结果表明，有机溶剂的引入明显增大了待测物的传质效率，从而导致分析灵敏度的改善。与水相相比，有机相的引入对ICP激发温度未产生明显影响，但使线对强度比（LogI^ /I)增强，有利于待测物的电离。     

超高交联树脂对苯胺的吸附机理研究

在静态条件下，研究了水溶液中超高交联树脂AM－1和NJ－8及大孔吸附树脂Amberlite XAD－4吸附苯胺的热力学特性，测定了不同温度下的吸附等温线。结果表明，在稀溶液中3种树脂吸附苯胺都符合Langmuir和Freundlich模型，其中AM－1和NJ－8对苯胺的吸附是一个吸热过程；由于AM－1和NJ－8的微孔结构和表面存在酸性基团的吸附中心，对苯胺的吸附是物理吸附和化学吸附共同作用的结果。     

磷钼杂多化合物脱硫热力学可行性与硫磺生成机理研究

长期以来杂多化合物一直被用作特定反应的催化剂 ,尚无直接利用其氧化还原性能进行污染物治理研究的先例 [1] .由于磷和钼在我国均为丰产元素 ,相应的杂多化合物又具有稳定的化学性能 ,寻找其新的应用领域无疑具有特别重要的意义 .本文对与此相关的脱硫热力学可行性与硫磺生成机理问题进行研究 ,以期为应用开发奠定理论基础 .1　实验部分1 .1　仪器和试剂　 31 4型硫离子选择电极 (江苏电分析仪器厂 ) ;DSC- 7型微分量热仪 (美国 Perkin-Elmer公司 ) ;Finber 1 0 0 0型能谱分析仪 (配置 Pioneer KYKY2 80 0型扫描电镜 ) ;UJ33a型电位…     

防锈颜料三聚磷酸铝的拉曼光谱研究(英文)

应用拉曼光谱研究了含有防锈颜料涂装特性的钢样 ,在此基础上探讨了三聚磷酸铝防锈颜料对A3钢的保护机理 .三聚磷酸铝溶解后能到达钢样表面 ,其离子可与铁离子化合形成三聚磷酸铁 .三聚磷铁能缓慢地通过化学键牢固地附着在钢样表面 ,最终在钢表面形成一层隔绝腐蚀介质和钢样的紧蜜保护膜阻止了腐蚀的继续发生从而达到保护的目的     

Na2SeO3在Fe电极上还原和吸附机理

采用循环伏安法、恒电势电解法、恒电流阶跃法及交流阻抗法研究Na2SeO3提高锌锰合金电沉积电流效率的作用机理.证明在锌锰合金电沉积的条件下，Na2SeO3 阴极被还原为Se32－并吸附在阴极表面上，从而阻止了氢原子在阴极表面的吸附，因而减少了氢离子的阴极还原.拟定了Na2SeO3的反应和吸附机理，用交流阻抗法进一步证明了所拟机理的正确性.     

Electrochemical studies of the oxidation mechanism of polyamide on glassy carbon electrode

Polyamides containing N-methyl pyrroles and N-methyl imidazoles are a type of small molecule that can bind and recognize the bases of DNA with high affinity and specificity. Five polyamides were studied at glassy carbon electrode in acetate buffer by cyclic and differential pulse voltammetry to clarify their redox pathways. The polyamide electrochemical responses are compared by peak currents and peak potentials. The slopes of the three anodic E_p vs. pH plots of a typical polyamide are linear and show 0.059, 0.057, 0.056 V per pH in acid media, respectively, which correspond to a mechanism involving the equal number of electrons and protons. A possible mechanism for the redox pathway of various polyamides is proposed: the oxidation product of imidazole ring is acylamide and the results of in situ UV–Vis spectroscopy at Pt web electrode support the proposed mechanism. electrospray ionization mass spectroscopy (ESI-MS) indicates that one or two oxygen atoms are added into polyamide molecule after electrochemical oxidation.     

Gas-phase thermolysis of benzotriazole derivatives. Part 3: Kinetic and mechanistic evidence for biradical intermediates in pyrolysis of aroylbenzotriazoles and related compounds

Gas-phase pyrolysis (static and FVP) of 1-aroylbenzotriazoles gave the corresponding substituted benzoxazole, benzimidazole, benzamide, N-phenylbenzamide, phenanthridin-6(5H)-one derivatives and 1-cyanocyclopentadiene. The present kinetic and mechanistic findings also provide further evidence of the involvement of biradical or carbene reactive intermediates in the reaction pathway of gas-phase pyrolysis of benzotriazoles.     

基于硒元素的抗癌药物研究进展

硒是人体必需的一种微量元素,对维持人体正常生理功能起着关键作用,具有广泛的生物学活性,并通过多种机制发挥抗肿瘤作用,缺硒与冠心病、贫血症、关节炎、糖尿病等有着密切的关系。本文对硒的性质、抗肿瘤作用机制、含硒抗肿瘤药物的分类以及有机硒抗肿瘤药物等方面进行了介绍,以期提高人们对含硒抗肿瘤药物的准确认识,促进含硒抗肿瘤药物的...