基于飞秒激光平衡光学互相关的任意长绝对距离测量

大尺度、高精度的绝对距离测量在卫星编队飞行、自由空间通信、大尺寸工件检测等前沿应用中具有举足轻重的作用．本文利用飞秒激光脉冲的飞行时间方法对一段52m的大气传输路径进行了绝对距离测量．通过平衡光学互相关技术探测目标反射脉冲与参考脉冲之间的时间误差,并利用得到的平衡互相关电压信号反馈控制谐振腔长,将脉冲间隔的整数倍精确锁定至往返距离,最后由飞秒激光的重复频率确定目标反射脉冲的飞行时间．这一测量方案有效地避免了直接光电探测造成的飞行时间分辨率的损失．实验中,采用工作在1．04μm波段的高重复频率掺Yb锁模光纤激光器作为飞秒激光源,在1S的平均时间下获得了12nm的测量精度．     

Structural optimization of an acoustic horn

The objective of the present article is to find an optimal design of an acoustic horn in the case that the magnitude of the reflection wave integrated over the inflow boundary is to be minimized meanwhile the Helmholtz equation models the wave propagation. In contrast to the current approaches such as gradient-based optimization algorithms, we employ here a non-iterative method based on measure theory which dose not require any information of gradients and the differentiability of objective function in the optimization problem is not as a rule. Implementation of our fast convergence approach shows that the resulting horns, not only for single frequency optimization but also for a band of frequencies, are very efficient.     

A Euclidean distance-based measure of efficiency in data envelopment analysis

Data envelopment analysis (DEA) has been proven as an excellent data-oriented performance evaluation method when multiple inputs and outputs are present in a set of peer decision-making units (DMUs). Several efficiency measures have been proposed in the DEA literature, see, for instances, radial efficiency measure of Charnes et al. (CCR)(A. Charnes. W.W. Cooper, and E. Rhodes, 1978. Measuring the efficiency of decision making units. Eur. J. Oper. Res. 2, 429–444), Russell graph measure (J.T. Russell, and R. Sirvant. 1999. An enhanced DEA Russell graph efficiency measure. Eur. J. Oper. Res. 115, pp. 596–607) and slack-based measure of Tone (K. Tone, 2001. A slack-based measure of efficiency in DEA. Eur. J. Oper. Res. 130, p. 498–509). In this article, we will propose an Euclidean distance-based measure of efficiency. Then, in order to discriminate the performance of efficient DMUs, an alternative super-efficiency DEA model is proposed. The applicability of the models developed is illustrated in the context of the analysis of gas companies performance.     

Subdifferentials of perturbed distance function in Riemannian manifolds

ABSTRACT

The notions of perturbed optimization problem and perturbed distance function are introduced in Riemannian manifolds. Some characterizations of Fréchet and proximal subdifferentials of perturbed distance function in the context of Riemannian manifolds are given.     

图的补距离矩阵谱半径的最大值

在具有给定阶和匹配数且直径不超过2的所有连通简单图中, 确定了具有最大补距离矩阵谱半径的图.     

重力影响下板间液桥断裂距离研究

运用实验测量和数值模拟两种方法对两平板间特征尺度为毫米量级的液桥断裂距离进行了研究,定量地给出了在有重力和无重力两种条件下,液桥断裂距离随着液桥体积和固体表面润湿性质变化的规律。结果显示,重力对液桥断裂距离的影响随着液桥特征尺寸的增大而增大,当特征尺寸达到毛细长度时,重力对亲水表面间液桥断裂距离的影响可达11%以上,对于疏水表面间的断裂距离影响更增加到20%以上。通过Surface Evolver软件可以很好地模拟准静态液桥拉伸-断裂过程,得到准确的液桥断裂距离。结果表明,即使在液桥特征尺寸小于毛细长度的条件下,液桥断裂距离也不能完全忽略重力的影响。     

矩形槽通道内周期性充分发展换热的研究

本文应用数值模拟的方法研究了矩形槽通道内周期性充分发展换热情况及几何参数对流动和换热的影响.结果表明:当周期长度一定时,上下矩形突出部分的水平间距由小变大时,Nu和阻力系数f都是有所减小;周期长度一定且上下矩形突出部分水平间距相等时,增加矩形突出部分的宽度,Nu和阻力系数f会增加;当矩形突出部分的宽度一定, 并且水平交错均匀排列时,增加矩形突出部分的水平间距即增加周期长度时Nu减小,而f先是减小而后又有所增加.     

超高压淹没射流破岩规律实验研究

 超高压水射流在石油工业中的应用主要是超高压射流联合机械破岩。对超高压淹没射流破岩规律的研究,其目的在于为超高压PDC钻头的研制提供依据。研究发现：影响超高压射流破岩的主要因素有压力、喷距、喷嘴移动速度和喷射角度等,射流压力越高破岩效果越好,最优喷距随着压力的升高而升高,200 MPa时最优喷距达到32.5倍喷嘴直径,150 MPa时破岩效率最高,喷射角度在12.5°时破岩效果最好。     

新型生物芯片扫描仪光学系统设计

传统生物芯片检测扫描仪光学系统的特点是分辨率高、孔径大,但工作距离较短,一般只有1mm左右,有的甚至更短。由于组织芯片、细胞芯片等需要进行实时添加药物与试剂,工作距离越大操作越方便,因此扫描仪光学系统需要具有很长的工作距离。介绍了一种用于组织芯片、细胞芯片扫描仪的新型光学系统。该光学系统的工作距离为15mm,数值孔径为0 67,物方分辨率<350nm。这种新型光学系统首先是要确定物镜的光学结构,然后再通过计算机辅助设计方法设计出成像质量优良的物镜。     

向量到子空间的距离及其应用

给出了向量到有限维子空间距离的定义及求法 ,并推广到向量到可数无限维子空间距离 .采用两种方法求距离并比较了它们的运算量 .揭示了 Cholesky分解法与 Schmidt正交化方法的内在联系 .最后利用向量到子空间距离给出了矛盾方程组最小二乘解的求法