A perturbed hard-sphere-chain equation of state for mixtures: Prediction from critical point constants

A modified perturbed hard-sphere-chain equation of state by Eslami [H. Eslami, Fluid Phase Equilibr. 216 (2004) 21-26], is extended to mixtures. The resulting equation of state for mixtures consists of two temperature-dependent parameters as well as an additional parameter, reflecting the segment size for pure components. The temperature-dependent parameters of the equation of state are correlated as universal functions of the reduced temperature. It is shown that knowing just the critical constants of pure components is sufficient to calculate the temperature-dependent parameters. The equation of state for mixtures is checked against the experimental pressure-volume-temperature data for a large number of mixtures, having varieties of molecular sizes and shapes. It is shown that no interaction parameter is needed to describe the behavior of fluid mixtures. Among about 3500 data points for mixtures, the average absolute deviation, compared to the experimental data, is about 0.93%.     

Existence of viscous compressible barotropic flow in a moving domain with free upper surface,via Galerkin method

The previous results on a global in time existence or stability have based on the local time existence in anisotropic Sobolev-Slobodetski spacesW ₂ ^{2+r, 1+r/2}, which are obtained by energy method for weak norm estimates, and by linear theory for higher norm estimates. On the other hand, in the paper of B.J. Jin and M. Padula [2], the global in time existence and stability have been obtained by purely Energy method, where the regularity class is different from anisotropic Sobolev-Slobodetski spacesW ₂ ^{2+r, 1+r/2}. We construct solution local in time of viscous compressible Navier-Stokes equations in a moving domain with free surface, via Galerkin method for the solution of linearized problem and, via iterative procedure for the solution of the nonlinear problem. With this method we obtain local in time solution whose regularity class is the same as the one in [2].

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Sunto I risultati noti sull'esistenza globale o la stabilità sono basati su esistenza locale nel tempo in spazi anisotropici di Sobolev-SlobodetskiW ₂ ^{2+r, 1+r/2}, essi sono ottenuti con il metodo dell'energia per il calcolo di stime di norme deboli, e con la teoria lineare per stime in norme più regolari. D'altra parte, nel lavoro di B.J. Jin e M. Padula [2], esistenza globale int e stabilità sono state ottenute unicamente col metodo dell'energia, in classi di regolarità diverse da quelle degli spazi di Sobolev-Slobodevski. In questa nota costruiamo soluzioni locali int per le equazioni di fluidi di Navier-Stokes viscosi comprimibili in domini con frontiera libera, con il metodo di Galerkin per le soluzioni del problema linearizzato e con una procedura iterativa per le soluzioni del problema nonlineare. Con questo metodo otteniamo soluzioni locali nel tempo avente la stessa classe di regolarità richiesta in [2].

     

Approximation by an iterative method for regular solutions for incompressible fluids with mass diffusion

We study the approximation by means of an iterative method towards strong (and more regular) solutions for incompressible Navier-Stokes equations with mass diffusion. In addition, some convergence rates for the error between the approximation and the exact solution will be given, for weak, strong and more regular norms.     

分光光度法测定水基切削液及机械加工废水中亚硝酸盐含量

建立了邻甲氧基苯酚重氮偶联分光光度法测定水基切削液及机械加工废水中亚硝酸盐的方法。对其最佳显色时间、显色体系酸碱加入量、温度、检测波长及主要的基体干扰因素进行了考察。该方法的最佳检测波长为452nm,显色时间为1min—24h。0.1%的Cu2+、0.01%的Fe3+、0.2%的十二烷基苯磺酸钠(DBS)、2%的聚乙二醇(PEG)400对测定无影响。与国标法、高效液相色谱法相比较,方法具有快速、准确、操作简单等优点,适合于基质复杂的水基切削液及机械加工废水的质量监控与检测。对4种实际样品中的亚硝酸盐含量进行了测定,发现样品中均不同程度含有亚硝酸盐,浓度范围为1.50—1.62×104mg/L。     

A finite element procedure for viscoelastic flows

A finite element method for the simulation of viscoelastic flows has been developed. It uses a weak formulation of the method of characteristics to treat the viscoelastic constitutive law. Numerical results in a 4:1 contraction are presented and are discussed with respect to previous computations. New phenomena are put in evidence and new questions are opened in this already controversial problem.     

Boundary layer flow and heat transfer over an unsteady stretching vertical surface

The solution to the unsteady mixed convection boundary layer flow and heat transfer problem due to a stretching vertical surface is presented in this paper. The unsteadiness in the flow and temperature fields is caused by the time-dependent of the stretching velocity and the surface temperature. The governing partial differential equations with three independent variables are first transformed into ordinary differential equations, before they are solved numerically by a finite-difference scheme. The effects of the unsteadiness parameter, buoyancy parameter and Prandtl number on the flow and heat transfer characteristics are thoroughly examined. Both assisting and opposing buoyant flows are considered. It is observed that for assisting flow, the solutions exist for all values of buoyancy parameter, whereas for opposing flow, they exist only if the magnitude of the buoyancy parameter is small. Comparison with known results for steady-state flow is excellent.     

Euler's fluid equations: Optimal control vs optimization

An optimization method used in image-processing (metamorphosis) is found to imply Euler's equations for incompressible flow of an inviscid fluid, without requiring that the Lagrangian particle labels exactly follow the flow lines of the Eulerian velocity vector field. Thus, an optimal control problem and an optimization problem for incompressible ideal fluid flow both yield the same Euler fluid equations, although their Lagrangian parcel dynamics are different. This is a result of the gauge freedom in the definition of the fluid pressure for an incompressible flow, in combination with the symmetry of fluid dynamics under relabeling of their Lagrangian coordinates. Similar ideas are also illustrated for SO(N) rigid body motion.     

A comparison of mixed methods for solving the flow of a Maxwell fluid

The proficiency of available mixed methods for solving the flow of a Maxwell fluid is evaluated through their application to the same problem. The reasons for the usual degeneracy of the numerical results beyond some level of elasticity are investigated. The best-performing technique is applied to the flow through an abrupt 4/1 contraction.