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991.
Yayun Ye Xiaodong YuanXia Xiang Wei DaiMeng Chen Xinxiang MiaoHaibing Lv Haijun WangWanguo Zheng 《Optics and Lasers in Engineering》2011,49(4):536-541
A Nd:YAG laser (1064 nm) induces optical breakdown of the airborne above the gold-coated K9 glass surface and the created shockwave removes the SiO2 particles contaminated on the gold films. The laser cleaning efficiency has been characterized by optical microscopy, dark field imaging, ultraviolet-visible-near infrared spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and the Image-pro software. The relationships between removal ratio and particle position and laser gap distance have been studied in the case of single pulse laser cleaning. The results show that the 1064 nm laser induced plasma shockwave can effectively remove the SiO2 particles. The removal ratio can reach above 90%. The effects of particle position and laser gap distance on the cleaning efficiency are simulated for the single pulse laser cleaning. The simulated results are consistent with the experimental ones. 相似文献
992.
J.J. Bernstein S. FellerA. Ramm J. NorthJ. Maldonis M. MescherW. Robbins R. StonerB. Timmons 《Solid State Ionics》2011,198(1):47-49
Cesium containing glass with solid metal electrodes was used as a Cs atom source in a high vacuum system. A silver anode provides an injection source of highly mobile ions which sweep Cs to the cathode surface, from which they evaporate into the vacuum. Cathode metallization with finger patterns was used leaving bare glass for Cs evaporation. Laser absorption measurements show Cs vapor generation synchronous with an applied DC voltage. 相似文献
993.
Chung-jong BongKwon-sang Ryu Seung-hoon NahmEun Kyu Kim 《Journal of magnetism and magnetic materials》2011,323(5):379-382
We present a magnetic and nondestructive method to evaluate the remanent life of modified 9Cr-1Mo steel by measuring the reversible magnetic permeability. Specimens with ten different kinds of aging periods were prepared using an isothermal heat treatment at 690 °C. The Larson-Miller parameter (LMP) was calculated and the peak interval of reversible magnetic permeability (PIRMP) was measured using the surface type probe. PIRMP was inversely proportional to LMP. We can evaluate the remanent life of modified 9Cr-1Mo steel using the relationship between PIRMP and LMP. Also, we present the possibility that the tensile strength and yield strength measured by destructive methods could be estimated by PIRMP measured nondestructively. 相似文献
994.
D. Milivojevi?B. Babi?-Stoji? V. Jokanovi?Z. Jagli?i? D. Makovec 《Journal of magnetism and magnetic materials》2011,323(6):805-812
Samples of Mn-oxide nanoparticles dispersed in an amorphous SiO2 matrix with manganese concentration 0.7 and 3 at% have been synthesized by a sol-gel method. Transmission electron microscopy analysis has shown that the samples contain agglomerates of amorphous silica particles 10-20 nm in size. In silica matrix two types of Mn-rich particles are dispersed, smaller nanoparticles with dimensions between 3 and 10 nm, and larger crystalline areas consisting of aggregates of the smaller nanoparticles. High-temperature magnetic susceptibility study reveals that dominant magnetic phase at higher temperatures is λ-MnO2. At temperatures below TC=43 K strong ferrimagnetism originating from the minor Mn3O4 phase masks the relatively weak magnetism of λ-MnO2 with antiferromagnetic interactions. Magnetic field dependence of the maximum in the zero-field-cooled magnetization for both the samples in the vicinity of 40 K, and a frequency shift of the real component of the ac magnetic susceptibility in the sample with 3 at% Mn suggest that the magnetic moments of the smaller Mn3O4 nanoparticles with dimensions below 10 nm are exposed to thermally activated blocking process just below the Curie temperature TC. Appearance of a maximum in the zero-field-cooled magnetization for both the samples below 10 K indicates possible spin glass freezing of the magnetic moments at low temperatures which might occur in the geometrically frustrated Mn sublattice of the λ-MnO2 crystal structure. 相似文献
995.
The cross sections for (n,x) reactions with Ge isotopes were measured at (d–t) neutron energies around 14 MeV with the activation technique using metal discs of natural composition. Calculations of detector efficiency, incident neutron spectrum and correction factors were performed with the Monte Carlo technique (MCNP4C code). Cross sections data are presented for 70Ge(n,2n)69Ge, 74Ge(n,α)71mZn, 76Ge(n,2n)75(m + g)Ge, 70Ge(n,p)70Ga and 72Ge(n,2n)71gGe reactions. The cross section results for 72Ge(n,2n)71gGe reaction were reported for the first time. Some other cross sections were obtained with higher precision, including the 70Ge(n,p)70Ga reaction. Theoretical calculations of excitation functions were performed with the TALYS-1.0 code and compared with the experimental cross section values. Data were included in the EXFOR database. 相似文献
996.
997.
998.
Daniel P. Snowman 《Physica A》2011,390(9):1505-1515
Renormalization-group methods are used with a hierarchical lattice to model a Blume-Capel spin glass with annealed vacancies and competing crystal-field interactions. The strength of competing cross-link interactions is progressively increased as the effects, upon the phase diagrams, are investigated. A series of phase diagrams have been produced, sinks interpreted, and critical exponents calculated for higher order transitions. 相似文献
999.
By the application of the coinduction method as well as the Magri method to the ideal of real Hilbert–Schmidt operators we construct the hierarchies of integrable Hamiltonian systems on Banach Lie–Poisson spaces which consist of such types of operators. We also discuss their algebraic and analytic properties and solve them in dimensions, N=2,3,4. 相似文献
1000.
This paper extends the works of Kang and Ramanan (2010) and Kaspi and Ramanan (2011), removing the hypothesis of absolute continuity of the service requirement and patience time distributions. We consider a many-server queueing system in which customers enter service in the order of arrival in a non-idling manner and where reneging is considerate. Similarly to Kang and Ramanan (2010), the dynamics of the system are represented in terms of a process that describes the total number of customers in the system as well as two measure-valued processes that record the age in service of each of the customers being served and the “potential” waiting times. When the number of servers goes to infinity, fluid limit is established for this triple of processes. The convergence is in the sense of probability and the limit is characterized by an integral equation. 相似文献