利用电子束蒸发制备铝隧道结工艺研究

采用电子束蒸发的方法在Si片上制备超导铝(Al)薄膜。利用X射线衍射和直流四电极电阻法分别测试了厚度从100埃到5000埃的Al薄膜物向组成,超导转变温度(Tc)和临界电流密度(Jc)。当Al薄膜厚度大于500埃时,超导转变温度Tc=1.2K。电子束蒸发制备的Al薄膜性能良好,具有较高的结晶质量,为制备Al超导隧道结奠定了良好基础。对小面积的Al超导隧道结工艺进行了研究,该超导隧道结两层的超导体材料为Al薄膜,中间势垒层材料为Al2O3。其中Al薄膜利用电子束蒸发制备,势垒层通过直接氧化Al薄膜表面实现,该工艺和采用直接蒸发氧化物薄膜工艺相比不仅简单而且能有效防止势垒层不连续造成的弱连接。     

高架污染绕建筑对流扩散风洞实验与数值仿真

采用激光衍射瞬时浓度场测量系统和图像处理系统,对不同高架与周围建筑高度比下污染点源绕建筑对流扩散进行了风洞实验.Fluent双相耦合模型与实验进行了相互校核,得到了建筑的各个高度层面污染分布、不同高度比下的污染扩散及污染分布随时间变化的规律.不同高度比对污染对流扩散具有明显的影响,建筑各高度层面污染浓度分布也存在明显差别.当高度比较小时,污染将堆积在建筑物底层.污染分布随时间变化有助于了解污染对流扩散的时间效应.结果可以为高架与周围建筑规划提供参考与依据.     

Magnetization switching driven by spin-transfer-torque in high-TMR magnetic tunnel junctions

This paper presents a numerical study of magnetization switching driven by spin-polarized current in high-TMR magnetic tunnel junctions (TMR>100%). The current density distribution throughout the free-layer is computed dynamically, by modeling the ferromagnet/insulator/ferromagnet trilayer as a series of parallel resistances. The validity of the main hypothesis, which states that the current flows perpendicular to the sample plane, has been verified by numerically solving the Poisson equation. Our results show that the nonuniform current density distribution is a source of asymmetry to the switching process. Furthermore, we observe that the reversal mechanisms are characterized by well-defined localized pre-switching oscillation modes.     

探针尖带金属微粒的光子扫描隧道显微镜成像数值模拟

引入了色散介质的时域有限差分法散射场方程,并针对光子扫描隧道显微镜的带金属尖光纤扫描成像问题进行三维的数值模拟。在考虑了光纤和样品相互作用的情况下,采用等效入射波法设置入射波,探针扫描模式为等高扫描模式,从成像分辨力和灵敏度的角度,比较了不同入射角、不同的光纤一样品间距,不同金属类型,及不同金属尖大小的成像情况。数值模拟结果显示,带金属颗粒光纤探针尖的光子扫描隧道显微镜在成像分辨力和灵敏度上有显著的改进,而带不同类型金属颗粒情况下对分辨力影响不大,灵敏度是银最好。     

Electric and thermo spin transfer torques in Fe/Vacuum/Fe tunnel junction

We present first-principle calculations of electric and thermo spin transfer torques (STT) in Fe/Vacuum(Vac)/Fe magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJs). Our quantitative studies demonstrate rich bias dependence of STT and tunnel magneto resistance (TMR) behaviors with respect to the interface roughness. Thermoelectric effects in Fe/Vac/Fe MTJs is remarkable. We observe larger ZT of 6.2 in 8 ML clean Vacuum barrier, where the heavily restrained thermal conductance should be responsible for. Thermo-STT in Fe/Vac/Fe MTJs show same order as that in Fe/MgO/Fe MTJs with similar barrier thickness.     

风吹雪廓线的风洞实验研究

利用颗粒图像测速仪对新雪形成的风吹雪进行风洞实验研究, 给出了不同高度处雪粒粒径分布函数以及平均粒径廓线、雪粒数通量廓线的分布规律. 发现当摩阻风速大于0.5 m/s 时单宽输雪率与摩阻风速满足指数函数的关系, 小于0.5 m/s 时两者满足幂函数的关系, 总体而言, 单宽输雪率与摩阻风速呈线性关系.     

区间可靠性分析方法及在地下隧道结构计算中的应用

基于工程结构不确定性的区间分析方法,本文将区间分析方法与可靠性分析方法相结合,探讨了一种可以获得区问可靠指标的可靠性分析方法.依据结构失效准则确定的功能函数在一定区间内变化,进而得出了可靠指标的变化区间,在得到区间可靠指标的同时也得到了一种反映结构稳健性的稳健可靠指标.结合区间有限元的优化计算方法,对某地下隧道结构进行了区间可靠性分析,所得区间可靠性指标合乎规律.     

Multiferroic tunnel junctions

Magnetic tunnel junctions with ferroelectric barriers, often referred to as multiferroic tunnel junctions, have been proposed recently to display new functionalities and new device concepts. One of the notable predictions is that the combination of two charge polarizing states and the parallel and antiparallel magnetic states could make it a four resistance state device. We have recently studied the ferroelectric tunneling using a scanning probe technique and multiferroic tunnel junctions using ferromagnetic La_0.7Ca_0.3MnO₃ and La_0.7Sr_0.3MnO₃ as the electrodes and ferroelectric (Ba, Sr)TiO₃ as the barrier in trilayer planner junctions. We show that very thin (Ba, Sr)TiO₃ films can sustain ferroelectricity up till room temperature. The multiferroic tunnel junctions show four resistance states as predicted and can operate at room temperatures.     

爆炸作用下土体隧道衬砌结构的动力响应

为了找出爆炸动力作用下的隧道衬砌结构薄弱部位和力学规律,建立了土体隧道动力分析整体有限元模型;利用显式动力有限元程序Ansys/Ls-dyna进行了数值模拟,探讨了土体隧道衬砌结构在爆炸作用下不同部位的时间历程曲线;分析了爆炸作用下土体隧道衬砌结构的动力响应。结果显示:隧道衬砌结构肩部在x、y方向的位移都较大;隧道衬砌结构顶部在y方向的位移较大;隧道衬砌结构顶部、肩部的加速度峰值最大并且加速度曲线均出现了两次或多次峰值。这反映了爆炸冲击波有比较强烈的多次反射;各部位压力时程曲线波动较大,按照肩部、顶部、胯部、底部、腰部的顺序先后到达峰值;顶部和肩部σx峰值最大,顶部和底部σy峰值最大,顶部、肩部、底部τmax峰值最大。顶部和肩部出现最大拉应力说明爆炸对拱顶拱肩损伤较大,隧道衬砌结构将会最先在这两处发生破坏。