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21.
0引言一直以来,钙磷生物材料如羟基磷灰石(hy-droxyapatite,HA)由于其成份与骨的无机成份相似,具有良好的生物相容性,作为骨修复材料引起了人们广泛的兴趣。磷酸钙骨水泥是一类可在生理条件下自固化的非陶瓷型类HA人工骨材料,这种由磷酸钙骨水泥(calcium phosphate cement,CPC)转变而成的HA,与天然骨磷灰石有类似的组成结构,植入人体后可参与新陈代谢,促进骨组织生长[1,2]。一些研究显示,CPC具有成骨活性和生物降解性,在体内被吸收的同时可引导新骨的生成,从而可克服自体骨、磷酸三钙陶瓷因吸收降解过快造成的局部缺陷以及陶瓷型HA长… 相似文献
22.
A series of approaches have been assayed for FTIR determination of Mancozeb in several solid commercial fungicides using different calibration strategies. The simplest procedure was based on the use of the ratio between the absorbance of a characteristic band of Mancozeb and that of a KSCN internal standard measured in the FTIR spectra obtained from KBr pellets. It was employed the quotient between peak height absorbance values at 1525 cm−1 for Mancozeb and 2070 cm−1 for KSCN. In these conditions a precision as relative standard deviation (RSD) of 0.6% and a relative accuracy error of 0.8% (w/w) were found. For complex formulations, containing other compounds with characteristic absorption bands at different wavenumbers than Mancozeb, one of them was used as internal reference being employed the standard addition approach. In this case, the Mancozeb bands at 1525 cm−1 or at 1289 cm−1 were employed, being used the ferrocyanide band at 2075 cm−1 as internal reference. RSD values between 0.7-1.4% and a relative accuracy error of 3% (w/w) were found. A third strategy was based on the use of partial least squares (PLS) calibration. A reference set was prepared mixing Mancozeb, Kaolin, Cymoxanil and KBr, being predicted the Mancozeb concentration in pesticide formulations by using the quotient between absorbance bands of Mancozeb and those of Cymoxanil. In these conditions a relative accuracy error of 0.6% (w/w) and a relative standard deviation of 1.3% were found. 相似文献
23.
Analytical procedures for quantification of peptides in pharmaceutical research by liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
John H Walden M Schäfer S Genz S Forssmann WG 《Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry》2004,378(4):883-897
Peptide quantification by liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC–MS) combines the high resolving power of reversed-phase (RP) chromatography with the excellent selectivity and sensitivity of mass spectrometric detection. On the basis of comprehensive practical experience in the analysis of small molecules, pharmaceutical research is developing technologies for analysis of a growing number of peptidic drug candidates. This article is a detailed review of procedures based on LC–MS techniques for quantitative determination of peptides. With the focus on pharmaceutical applications several technologies for sample preparation, various aspects of peptide chromatography, important characteristics of ESI–MS, selectivity of MS-detection modes, the large variability of internal standards, and modern instrumentation are discussed. The demand for reliable, robust, sensitive, and accurate methods is discussed using numerous examples from the literature, complemented by experiments and results from our laboratory. 相似文献
24.
叠加法是由内标法衍生而来的一种气相色谱定量方法。对于较复杂混合物的分析,当选择内标物困难时,用叠加法定量更为方便。本文在大量实验的基础上,提出了叠加法定量过程中应注意的一些问题。 相似文献
25.
Studies on chemical modification of demineralized bone matrix (DBM) have opened new arenas in the field of clinical orthopedics owing to its potential osteoinductivity with desired chemical functionality. To widen its usage to biomolecular delivery, graft polymerization of glycidylmethacrylate onto DBM was carried out by a free-radical initiating process using ceric ammonium nitrate as an initiator. The evidence of the grafting reaction was examined by chemical analysis using Fourier transform IR spectroscopy. The grafting condition was standardized by regulating the reaction parameters such as the concentrations of the backbone, the monomer and the initiator, the polymerization temperature and time. The optimum polymerization temperature and time to have the maximum grafting yield were 40 °C and 3 h, respectively. The percentage of grafting and the percentage of grafting efficiency were determined as a function of the reaction parameters, and both were found to increasing initially and thereafter decrease in most of the cases. The grafting results are discussed in a detailed fashion and a reaction mechanism is proposed. 相似文献
26.
F. J. Molina A. O. Vila C. Llcer M. J. Martos J. E. Figueruelo 《Journal of separation science》1991,14(9):590-592
Internal calibration in modified hydrodynamic chromatography has been realized by the approach of Prieve and Hoysan, i.e. the use of polystyrene monodisperse latexes to evaluate the equivalent capillary radius, R. The value obtained has been used to estimate the average sizes of a variety of liposome samples from egg yolk lecithin. 相似文献
27.
运动对去卵巢大鼠骨元素代谢的影响 总被引:10,自引:7,他引:10
用测定骨元素含量的方法,分析了运动对正常大鼠和切除双侧卵巢后的大鼠骨元素代谢的影响。将健康4个月龄雌性SD大鼠44只随机分成5组:(1)非去势非运动组;(2)非去势+运动组;(3)假去势非运动组;(4)去势非运动组;(5)去势+运动组。运动组用大鼠专用跑台中等运动强度训练,持续10周。结果表明,去卵巢大鼠骨Ca,Mg,S,Mn,Zn等含量显著降低,P含量显著增加。运动训练可使去卵巢大鼠降低的骨Ca,Mg,S,Mn,Zn等含量显著回升,骨P含量显著回降。提示中等强度运动训练可对抗由于去卵巢所引起的骨元素代谢紊乱。 相似文献
28.
Ahmed Abd El-Fattah Mohamad Nageeb Hassan Ahmad Rashad Mona Marei Sherif Kandil 《International Journal of Polymer Analysis and Characterization》2020,25(5):362-373
Abstract An injectable composite hydrogel composed of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and bioactive glass (BG) particles were synthesized by a physical crosslinking approach. The morphology, mechanical properties, and viscoelasticity of the PVA/BG composite hydrogel were characterized. Scanning electronic microscopy (SEM) showed uniform and homogeneous distribution of BG particles throughout the composite hydrogel. The incorporation of 2.5?wt% of BG particles in the composite hydrogel formulations, enhanced the static compressive strength and static elastic modulus by 325% and 150%, respectively. The storage molds (G′) was greater than the loss modules (G′′) at all the frequency range studied, which revealed a self-standing elastic composite hydrogel with a smooth injectability. The PVA/BG composite hydrogel was also implanted subcutaneously in the dorsal region of adult male rats. After 4?weeks of implantation, no inflammatory cells were seen within and around the implant, which indicated that the composite hydrogel was biocompatible. The properties of the synthesized injectable PVA/BG composite hydrogel demonstrate its capability toward bone regeneration. 相似文献
29.
30.
Delatour T 《Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry》2004,380(3):515-523
Liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) is a versatile coupling system which combines both selectivity and sensitivity and certainty. Hence, it is generally considered as the most reliable technique to quantify chemical compounds in complex matrices. In the present paper, we evaluate the performance of LC-MS/MS methods for the quantification of 3-nitrotyrosine in human urine in order to point out its dependence on the design of the quantification method, and emphasize the role of matrix effects in the performance. We compare external and internal calibrations, isotope dilution and isotopomer-based exact matching. The role of both sample preparation and multiple transitions monitoring is particularly addressed. 相似文献