流动注射催化光度法测定痕量亚硝酸根的研究

基于亚硝酸根在酸性条件下,对溴酸钾氧化尼罗蓝褪色反应有催化作用这一原理,建立了高灵敏测定痕量亚硝酸根的流动注射结合分光光度新方法。方法的线性范围为0.008—0.3μg/mL,检出限为0.02μg/mL。利用该方法对几种河水水样进行测定,结果满意。     

流动注射光散射法测定微量镍

用丁二酮肟流动注射光散射法测定微量镍,将经典的丁二酮肟-镍沉淀法改为光散射法并采用流动注射技术克服这类沉淀光散射法的稳定性问题。建立测定微量镍（Ⅱ）的丁二酮肟（DMG）-流动注射光散射法。将DMG-NaOH溶液与含镍（Ⅱ）水样流混合,在430nm处对反应形成的Ni（DMG）2沉淀微粒进行光散射检测,线性范围为5—20μg/mL,检出限为0.171μg/mL,测定频率为34次/h。本法的测定灵敏度较高、选择性较好、分析速度快,应用本法测定废水中镍含量,结果满意。     

Determining the Optimal Contour of a Three-Dimensional Supersonic Jet Engine Outlet System

The problem of determining the optimal contour of a two-dimensional jet engine outlet system was solved in [1] using the direct method of the calculus of variations. In this study the method is developed for designing the optimal contour of a three-dimensional outlet system providing maximum thrust in a given direction.     

Properties and applications of cold supersonic gas jet

By analyzing the formation mechanism of a supersonic gas jet, a set of equations which describe the atomic beam properties were established. The influence of initial temperature, initial pressure, background gas pressure and pumping speed was discussed in detail. A simulation program was developed based on the equations, and the results under different initial conditions were obtained. The results are in good agreement with the experimental data, and suggest that, in order to get much smaller transverse momentum in collision experiments, it is necessary to lower the initial temperature and the initial pressure of the supersonic gas jet, together with increasing the pumping speed. These results are very instructive for construction of a new generation of cold supersonic gas jets.     

Physical processes of current gain in InAs bipolar junction transistors

InAs bipolar junction transistors (BJTs), grown by molecular beam epitaxy, are reported with common emitter current gains (β's) as large as 400. The factors affecting the common emitter current gain have been studied by estimating the magnitudes of the base transport factor (α_T) and emitter injection efficiency (γ). This has been accomplished by studying a sequence of InAs BJTs with varying emitter doping densities, N_E. Minority carrier diffusion length in the base (L_B), α_T, and γ have been extracted from measured electrical characteristics. The results of the study of these InAs BJTs are as follows: L_B≈0.4 μm, α_T≈98% and γ ranges from 92% to nearly 100% depending on N_E. This knowledge of the magnitudes of the injection efficiencies suggests when it would be useful to move from the simple BJT structure to the more advanced heterojunction bipolar transistor (HBT) structure. Lower γ BJTs would be improved, however high-γ BJTs would benefit little, by the use of the widegap emitters of HBTs. The method developed here to estimate γ, α_T and L_B is not specific to InAs BJTs, but should be useful for study of BJTs and HBTs in any material system.     

A Prussian blue-based flow-through renewable surface optosensor for analysis of ascorbic acid

Ascorbic acid is determined by a simple Bead Injection Spectroscopy–Flow Injection Analysis (BIS–FIA) system with spectrophotometric detection. The sensor is based on the decrease of absorbance obtained (720 nm) when Prussian blue (PB) is reduced by ascorbic acid. Commercial available flow-cell (Hellma 138-OS) is used and an appropriate volume of homogeneous bead suspension of Sephadex QAE A-25 was injected to fill this flow-cell for each measurement. The chromogenic reagent (PB) is injected into the carrier and immobilized on beads. When sample is injected, reaching the bead surface where PB is sorbed, ascorbic acid converts it to Prussian white form, which is transparent, producing the discoloration of the detection zone. At the end of the analysis, beads are discarded by reversing the flow and instantaneously transported out of the system.The calibration graph was linear over the range 5.1×10⁻⁶–6.8×10⁻⁵ M. The detection limit and RSD (%) were 4.5×10⁻⁷ M and 5.0%, respectively, using 800 μl of sample volume. This method is highly selective in the presence of other species that are normally encountered with the analyte. The sensor was applied satisfactorily to the determination ascorbic acid in fruit juices, pharmaceuticals, sweets and conservative liquids.     

分光光度法测定多巴胺

根据多巴胺与亚硝酸钠在pH 5 .90时的反应产物在 30 0nm处有最大吸收 ,建立了测定多巴胺注射液中多巴胺浓度的分光光度法。多巴胺质量浓度在0～ 1 0 μg mL范围内与吸光度之间遵从朗伯比尔定律 ,表观摩尔吸光系数为 1 .85× 1 0 4 L·mol-1·cm-1,检测限为 0 .1 μg mL。试验了pH、放置时间、加热时间、干扰离子等对测定的影响。本法可用于注射液中多巴胺含量的测定 ,与药典规定方法对照 ,结果吻合。     

Flow injection fluorescence determination of dopamine using a photo induced electron transfer (PET) boronic acid derivative

An automated flow injection analysis system was developed for the fluorometric determination of dopamine in pharmaceutical injections. The method is based on the quenching effect of dopamine on m-dansylaminophenyl boronic acid (DAPB) fluorescence due to the reverse photo induced electron transfer (PET) mechanism. Effects of pH and interfering species on the determination of dopamine were examined. Calibration for dopamine, based on quenching data, was linear in the concentration range of 1.0 × 10⁻⁵ to 1.0 × 10⁻⁴ M. Detection limit (3 s) of the method was found to be 3.7 × 10⁻⁶ M. Relative standard deviation of 1.2% (n = 10) was obtained with 1.0 × 10⁻⁵ M dopamine standard solution. The proposed method was applied successfully for the determination of dopamine in pharmaceutical injection sample. The sampling rate was determined as 24 samples per hour.     

Surface ionization detector with a supersonic free jet for gas chromatography some applications

A new design for a gas chromatographic surface ionization detector based upon hyperthermal positive surface ionization has been developed: There were two requirements: supersonic free jet nozzle and the high work function surface of Re-oxide. This detector, which is highly sensitive in response to all organic compounds, can be operated as an universal detector with an additional selectivity towards some species that have low ionization energy, but with selectivity to a much lesser degree than a conventional surface ionization detector. The minimum detectable amount of toluene is ca. 10⁻¹² g/s with a linearity greater than 10⁴. Some applications are demonstrated using three examples for the analysis of different formulations: (1), terpene mixture, (2), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon mixture and (3), alkyl alcohol mixture.