浅析升钟水库右总干渠石爬明渠填方段滑坡形成的原因

本文阐述了升钟水库右总干渠石爬明渠填方段滑坡的地质环境、规模及特征，分析了渗漏对填筑土、粉砂质泥岩C、φ值的影响，论述了红层丘陵区填方输水渠道滑坡形成的原因，计算了孔隙水压力、渗透压力对填方渠堤稳定性的影响，介绍了该区的防渗整治措施。     

水平层状岩体边坡动力响应中的结构面效应研究

根据应力波传播原理分析了水平层状岩体边坡中应力波传播特征,建立了应力波在该类边坡中传播的模型。利用离散元软件UDEC分析了不同频率垂向压缩应力波作用下边坡动力响应规律中的结构面效应。结果表明:边坡中的水平层面对坡顶的动力响应有明显影响。低频应力波作用下,水平层状岩体边坡坡顶的垂向峰值速度较均质坡体相同部位的峰值速度的增加值随坡高增加而增大。较高频率应力波作用时,边坡顶部靠近坡面的垂向峰值速度高于无结构面边坡相同部位的峰值速度,远离坡面时情况相反; 坡顶垂向峰值速度大小呈周期性变化,输入应力波频率越大该变化频次越高。研究结果将有助于进一步揭示各种不同岩体结构类型边坡在动力荷载作用下损伤机理及破坏模式。     

Cooperative game theory approach to allocating benefits of horizontal cooperation

Logistics costs in general, and transportation costs in particular, represent a large fraction of the operating costs of many companies. One way to try to reduce these costs is through horizontal cooperation among shippers. Thus, when the transportation needs of two or more companies are merged, their collective transportation requirements can be met at lower cost. The attainable cost savings are due to economies of scale, which translate into cheaper rates due to increased negotiation power, use of larger vehicles and bundling of shipments. In this paper, a linear model is presented and used to study the cost savings that different companies may achieve when they merge their transportation requirements. On the one hand, solving this optimization model for different collaboration scenarios allows testing and quantifying the synergies among different potential partners, thus identifying the most profitable collaboration opportunities. On the other, the problem of allocating the joint cost savings of the cooperation is tackled using cooperative game theory. The proposed approach is illustrated with an example in which different cooperative game solution concepts are compared. Extensive numerical experiments have also been carried out to gain insight into the properties of the corresponding cost savings game and the behavior of the different solution concepts.     

Effects of the gas phase molecular weight and bubble size on effervescent atomization

The effervescent atomization from an industrial Coker feed nozzle is compared for two different gas densities (air and mixed gas of 81.4 vol.% helium/18.6 vol.% nitrogen) at equivalent operating temperatures. The application is to observe the similarity of lab tests using air at 20 °C to the industrial process using steam at 300-400 °C. The effects of operating conditions, such as gas to liquid mass ratio, mixing pressure and void fraction on the flow regime, bubble size, and droplet size distribution were also examined in this study. The experiments were performed using mixtures of water with air or mixed gas, which resulted in gas to liquid mass ratios ranging from 1% to 4%.Stroboscopic back scattered imagery (SBSI) indicates that the average bubble size inside the nozzle conduit is similar when air and water are used as the process fluids, when compared to the case when mixed gas and water are used as the process fluids. Under similar conditions, the Phase Doppler Particle Anemometer (PDPA) data indicate that the droplet size in the spray is similar when using either mixed gas or air as the atomization gas.Experimental results obtained by high-speed video shadowgraphy (HSVS) indicate that the flow pattern inside the nozzle feeding conduit was slug flow with a tendency to attain annular flow with increased air to liquid mass ratios. Thus, from the experimental results it is evident that the smaller molecular weight of the mixed gas versus air (8.4 versus 29) does not significantly reduce the bubble (<±10% difference) and droplet size (<±1.5% difference), indicating a weak dependence of the gas phase density on two-phase atomization. This confirms that laboratory experiments on effervescent nozzles using air have reliable similarity to systems that use high temperature steam for the gas phase.     

平显全息组合镜的衍射特性研究

给出了平显用全息组合镜的衍射效率、水平选择角和带宽的实验测量结果,并运用耦合波理论进行了分析.测试结果表明,DCG是一种制作体积全息图的优良材料,由其制作的全息组合镜具有优良的透过率和衍射特性.     

Collapse of preformed cobalt stearate film on water surface

Preformed cobalt stearate (CoSt) molecules form a film on the water surface, which with barrier compression shows multilayers of different heights that are evidenced from the structures of the films deposited on hydrophilic silicon (0 0 1) substrates by using a horizontal deposition technique at different positions of the surface pressure (π)–specific molecular area (A) isotherm. In-plane morphology and out-of-plane structures are obtained from the atomic force microscopy (AFM) and X-ray reflectivity studies. Electron density profiles (EDPs), extracted from the reflectivity data, show that the monolayer coverage is maximum when π is far before the collapse point (π_c) but with barrier compression domains of multilayers start to form even before π_c. After π_c, two different bilayer repeat distances have been observed from the two different series of the Bragg peaks implying the formation of domains by both the tilted and untilted CoSt molecules. Far after π_c, reflectivity decreases rapidly and morphology of the deposited films changes totally. Structures before and after π_c of the CoSt film have also been obtained by changing the pH of the subphase water. From all the structural information it is clear that the preformed CoSt film collapses in a different way in comparison with the collapse of the standard cobalt stearate monolayer where cobalt stearate molecules were formed at the air–water interface. Reasons for obtaining different structures on the water surface with barrier compression have been proposed.     

一种基于Kalman滤波的环形模板匹配相关跟踪算法(英文)

为了解决在目标跟踪系统中,传统相关算法在目标发生目标局部遮挡或旋转等姿态变化较大的情况时容易跟踪丢失的问题,提出一种改进的基于卡尔曼预测器的环形模板匹配相关跟踪的算法.利用卡尔曼预测器来预测下一帧目标可能出现的区域,然后在较小的预测区域中进行环形相关匹配运算,找到最佳相关匹配点,使跟踪更具主动性。环形匹配还可以克服由于姿态变化而引起的横向匹配点丢失,从而可以跟踪各种姿态运动的机动目标.实验中,利用改进算法对出现局部遮挡情况的姿态变化大的运动目标进行跟踪,传统算法处理此类情况容易跑飞,而本文算法不受这两种跟踪局限性的干扰,始终稳定跟踪机动目标且耗时大幅减少.     

Non-linear dynamic responses of elastic two-story structures with partially filled liquid tanks

This paper deals with the non-linear vibrations of an elastic two-story structure with two liquid tanks installed under horizontal harmonic excitation. The influence of the configuration of the two rectangular tanks on the response of the structure is investigated. In the theoretical analysis, Galerkin's method is applied to derive the equations of motion for the structure and the modal equations for sloshing, while considering the non-linear liquid forces. Then, van der Pol's method is used to determine the frequency response curves. Three cases are investigated: In the first case two tanks are installed, one on the top and one on the second story of the structure, in the second case one tank is installed on top, and in the third case two tanks are installed on top. The theoretical results of the first case are compared with those of the second and third cases. In the numerical calculations, it is found that Hopf bifurcations occur near the tuning frequency and then amplitude modulated motion appears in both the first and third cases. It is thus concluded that multiple tanks yield less effectiveness in suppressing the vibrations of the structure. The experimental data confirm the validity of the theoretical results for the first and third cases.     

The Property of the Horizontal Dipole Radiating in the Presence of a Single Lossless Metamaterial Sphere

The electric field properties of the horizontal dipole radiation in the presence of a lossless metamaterial sphere are investigated. First, the solution of the electromagnetic field of the model could be obtained. Second, the near field properties are investigated according to the electromagnetic and geometrical parameters. It could be seen that in the metamaterial sphere, the focusing phenomenon is obviously observed. It is in consistent with the analysis. Throughout the article, the conventional sphere is utilized as reference. No focus is observed in the conventional material sphere as it does not have the characteristic of negative refraction.     

Influence of Horizontal Excitations on Dynamic Stability of a Slender Beam Under Vertical Excitation

Experimental studies have been conducted to clarify the influence of horizontal harmonic excitations on the dynamic stability of a slender cantilever beam under vertical harmonic excitation. Three kinds of aluminum test beams with rectangular cross section have been used. The test beam being clamped at one end and free at the other end, was vertically stood, and was harmonically excited to both vertical and horizontal directions simultaneously. The direction of the horizontal excitation was taken parallel to one of the beam side faces, i.e. two directions were considered as X and Y directions which have the largest and smallest flexural rigidity, respectively. By varying the horizontal excitation amplitude, keeping the amplitude of excitation in the vertical direction, the influence of the horizontal excitation has been investigated on the principal instability regions in which unstable vibration of the fundamental vibration mode occurs. The excitation frequency in the vertical excitation was taken around twice the fundamental natural frequency 2f _{Y 1} in smallest rigidity direction, while that in the horizontal direction was taken around both the fundamental natural frequency f _{Y 1} and twice of it 2f _{Y 1}. Obtained experimental results present useful fundamental data for aseismatic design of structures under earthquake containing both vertical and horizontal excitation components.