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The hydrolysis rate increased with increasing temperature, catalyst concentration, initial water concentration and initial ethyl silicate concentration, whereas it decreased with increasing number of Si atoms in the ethyl silicate molecules. At pH 0–7 the hydrolysis was acid catalysed, but at pH above 7.0 it was base catalysed. Simultaneously with the hydrolysis, condensation occurred at a rate which increased with increasing temperature, catalyst concentration, ETS40 concentration and, above all, with increasing initial water concentration. The condensation rate depended on the pH. The condensation was at its slowest for pH around 2.0. For pH below 2.0, the condensation increased with increasing hydrogen ion concentration; for pH above 2.0 the condensation increased with decreasing hydrogen ion concentration. Phosphoric acid and hydrofluoric acid increased the rate of condensation considerably. The reaction of ETS40 with water at pH around 2.0 gave rise during the hydrolysis to solutions of ethoxyhydroxysiloxanes with an average of 14–20 Si atoms in a molecule, which displayed long-term stability. 相似文献
相似文献
67.
For any -complexes and , we show that . We use this fact to compute generalized evaluation subgroups of generalized tori relative to a sphere.
68.
Carleson measure characterization of Bloch functions 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Lou Zengjian 《数学学报(英文版)》1996,12(2):175-184
We give several equivalences of Bloch functions and little Bloch functions. Using these results we obtain the generalized Carleson measure characterization of Bloch functions and the generalized vanishing Carleson measure characterization of little Bloch functions, that is,f B if and only if |D
f(z)|
p
(1-|z|2)p-1
dm(z) is a generalized Carleson measure;f B
0 if and only if |D
f(z)|
p
(1-|z|2)p-1
dm(z) is a generalized vanishing Carleson measure, whereD
f( > 0) is the fractional derivative of analytic functionf of order, m denotes the normalised Lebesgue measure.Supported partly by the Young Teacher Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province. 相似文献
69.
The diffusion-limited reaction A+AA+B is studied in general dimension. The asymptotic decay of the system is found to depend nontrivially upon the initial concentration of A particles for certain ranges of the diffusion constant, backward reaction rate, and total concentration of particles. This nonequilibrium behavior is due to the formation of clusters centered about the initial A particles. A perturbative analysis ind=1 shows that the transition to the nonequilibrium dynamics is sharp and is quite similar to another previously studied reaction A+AA. Ford>1, a scaling argument is presented which describes the dependence of the asymptotic decay on the initial concentration of A particles and the equilibrium concentration for large backward reaction rates. Monte Carlo data are shown which confirm the analytic work ind=1, 2, and 3. 相似文献
70.
L. Matjka P. Chabanne L. Tighzert J. P. Pascault 《Journal of polymer science. Part A, Polymer chemistry》1994,32(8):1447-1458
The cationic nonlinear polymerization of diglycidyl ether of Bisphenol A (DGEBA) in the presence of a diluent γ-butyrolactone (BL) was initiated by the BF3-4-methoxyaniline (MA) complex. The reaction was studied by size exclusion chromatography, DSC, and dynamic mechanical analysis. Reaction mechanism involves a fast formation of adducts of DGEBA with MA released from the initiator. Formation of spiro orthoesters (S) by reaction of BL with DGEBA and homopolymerization of DGEBA as well as copolymerization with S follow. Gelation occurs at 60°C within a few minutes at conversion of epoxy groups (ξE)c = 0.20–0.45. The networks cured under optimum conditions show high glass transition temperature, Tα = 178°C. The mechanism-structure-property relations are discussed. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 相似文献
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