火焰原子吸收光谱法连续测定番木瓜中铜锌铁锰

探讨了用微波消化罐消化样品、用火焰原子吸收光谱法在同一体系中测定番木瓜中微量元素铜、锌、铁、锰的方法。在微波消化罐内用硝酸和过氧化氢消化样品 ,具有试剂用量少免受污染、消化时间短等优点。考察了硝酸、过氧化氢用量以及消化时间的影响 ,以及在同一体系中铜、锌、铁、锰的干扰情况。在选定条件下 ,铜检出限为 0 .0 0 4 μg·ml- 1,锌检出限为 0 .0 0 4 8μg·ml- 1,铁检出限为 0 .0 0 3μg·ml- 1,锰检出限为 0 .0 0 6 μg·ml- 1,相对标准偏差为 1.7%～ 4 .9% ,回收率为 96 .8%～ 10 6 .6 %。方法具有简便、省时、准确、可靠的优点     

ENERGY AUDIT PROGRAMS VERSUS MARKET INCENTIVES AS INDUCEMENTS TO UNDERTAKE ENERGY CONSERVATION RETROFITS

Sometimes policymakers seek to influence economic activity merely by providing information, rather than by manipulating relative prices through taxation or subsidization. Household energy audits are an example. Furthermore, these programs are sometimes intended to increase the probability of a particular discrete outcome, such as whether or not the household is motivated to install energy-conservation retrofits. We use a utility-theoretic model for households' discrete decisions to install attic insulation with and without participation in an energy audit program. We find that (i) self-selection bias in naive models seems to give the audit program roughly twice the credit it deserves, and (ii) policy measures designed to influence retrofit costs or energy prices may have more discernible direct effects on attic insulation retrofit activity than do audit programs.     

托卡马克氘氚聚变堆中氚的二倍频ICRF加热物理分析

本文从准线性理论出发，导出了ＩＣＲＦ二倍频加热时对磁面平均的吸收功率密度的近似解析表达式，并指出了这一近似的适用范围。采用冷等离子体近似计算波的色散关系，利用ＥＰＰＡＣ程序求解二维时间相关Ｆｏｋｋｅｒ－Ｐｌａｎｃｋ方程，分析了氚的二倍频加热。对于典型的氘氚聚变反应堆参数，计算了等离子体各组分温度随时间的变化及氚的分布函数随时间的演化，并分析了氚的非麦氏分布及相关的氘氚聚变反应率。结果表明，对于反应堆规模的等离子体来说，ＩＣＲＦ加热只在温度不太高时才导致明显的非麦氏分布及氘氚聚变反应率提高；在等离子体温度提高到约１０ｋｅＶ后，反应率不再有明显的提高     

用于热核聚变加热的FEM

世界各国的实验室正在开展研究的频率为１００－３００ＧＨｚ的高功率自由电子脉塞（ＦＥＭ），主要用于托卡马克变等离子体的电子回旋共振加热，采用三维ＷＡＧＦＥＬ数值模拟程序，结合ＨＬ－２Ａ装置的要求，提出了一个平均输出功率为１ＭＷ，频率为８０ＧＨｚ的ＦＥＭ理论方案，此方案对今后ＨＬ－２Ａ装置ＦＥＭ的设计论证是有参考价值的。     

Flow in heated straight rotating pipe

Fully developed laminar flow in a straight heated rotating pipe which includes the influence of both, coriolis force and buoyancy force, has been considered analytically. The solution has been obtained in terms of series expansions; the solution is therefore restricted to small values of the parameters involved.     

Rapid Heating in High-Temperature Thermomicroscopic Analysis

A new technique of rapid heating in high-temperature thermomicroscopic analysis is suggested. The apparatus is described, the metrological features of the method and its advantages and limitations are discussed. Application of the technique to studying the behaviour of refractory Nd₃S₄, GaP and MoS₂ compounds in the temperature range from 25 to 2500°C shown. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Ferroelectric Properties of Modified Lead Titanate Thin Films Obtained by a Sol-Gel Method

Calcium substituted lead titanate thin films have been prepared by a sol-gel method, deposited by spin-coating, and thermally treated so as to obtain a perovskite structure. Two types of thermal treatments were given, differing in the heating rate, which in conventional treatments was of some 10°C/min, and in rapid treatments >500°C/min. With rapid heating, materials are obtained in which greater polarizations are commuted and bias fields are smaller. This, together with the fact that additional (undesired) phases are not observed by X-ray diffractometry when rapid treatments are used, shows that these are to be preferred over conventional treatments.     

HT—6M托卡马克欧姆加热下氧杂质的输运模拟

本文利用HT-6M托卡马克上现有的实验数据,对氧杂质进行了输运模拟,给出了HT-6M托卡马克在欧姆加热下氧杂质的输运特性,空间分布和辐射能量。     

高超音速进气道的冷却研究

作为我国航天飞机研究的一个开端，本文以美国ＮＡＳＡ高超音速研究发动机ＨＲＥ的进气道几何为模型，进行了飞行马赫数为６时的进气道各部分的气动和气动热计算，并在此基础上提出了以氢燃料作冷却剂的主动冷却结构，进行了冷却计算，证明提出的冷却结构所需要的氢用量是合理的。     

高温电离气体中微细颗粒的加热

本文分析表明，自由分子流区高温电离气体中颗粒的团相加热、熔化、液相加热与强烈蒸发等加热阶段所需的时间，均正比于颗粒半径，其中蒸发阶段需时最长．颗粒表面温度高于约４０００Ｋ时，热电子发射开始显著影响颗粒的加热速率，辐射则在低得多的温度下（如２０００Ｋ）开始影响颗粒的加热．