圆弧和球面上的广义Ball多项式

本文以Ｂéｚｉｅｒ多项式理论为基础,引进了圆弧上的广义Ｂａｌ曲线及球面三角剖分上的广义Ｂａｌ曲面及其递归算法．     

Front Propagation Dynamics with Exponentially-Distributed Hopping

We study reaction-diffusion systems where diffusion is by jumps whose sizes are distributed exponentially. We first study the Fisher-like problem of propagation of a front into an unstable state, as typified by the A+B → 2A reaction. We find that the effect of fluctuations is especially pronounced at small hopping rates. Fluctuations are treated heuristically via a density cutoff in the reaction rate. We then consider the case of propagating up a reaction rate gradient. The effect of fluctuations here is pronounced, with the front velocity increasing without limit with increasing bulk particle density. The rate of increase is faster than in the case of a reaction-gradient with nearest-neighbor hopping. We derive analytic expressions for the front velocity dependence on bulk particle density. Computer simulations are performed to confirm the analytical results.     

三次Bézier曲线的快速生成算法

本文给出了一种三次Ｂéｚｉｅｒ曲线的生成算法，在曲线的逐点生成过程中，只用到加减法，故效率极高．而且，此方法可推广到一般多项式或有理参数曲线     

二元数字期权定价与copula的关系

首先简要介绍了 copula的一些基本概念和性质 ,然后探讨了一种多元未定权益——二元数字期权的价格与 copula的关系 .结论表明 ,一个二元数字期权的价格恰好是一个 copula函数 ,由此结论进而给出了根据实际数据获得二元数字期权价格的基本思路和步骤 .     

A direct comparison between volume and surface tracking methods with a boundary-fitted coordinate transformation and third-order upwinding

A Volume Tracking (VT) and a Front Tracking (FT) algorithm are implemented and compared for locating the interface between two immiscible, incompressible, Newtonian fluids in a tube with a periodically varying, circular cross-section. Initially, the fluids are stationary and stratified in an axisymmetric arrangement so that one is around the axis of the tube (core fluid) and the other one surrounds it (annular fluid). A constant pressure gradient sets them in motion. With both VT and FT, a boundary-fitted coordinate transformation is applied and appropriate modifications are made to adopt either method in this geometry. The surface tension force is approximated using the continuous surface force method. All terms appearing in the continuity and momentum equations are approximated using centered finite differences in space and one-sided forward finite differences in time. In each time step, the incompressibility condition is enforced by a transformed Poisson equation, which is linear in pressure. This equation is solved by either direct LU decomposition or a Multigrid iterative solver. When the two fluids have the same density, the former method is about 3.5 times faster, but when they do not, the Multigrid solver is as much as 10 times faster than the LU decomposition. When the interface does not break and the Reynolds number remains small, the accuracy and rates of convergence of VT and FT are comparable. The well-known failure of centered finite differences arises as the Reynolds number increases and leads to non-physical oscillations in the interface and failure of both methods to converge with mesh refinement. These problems are resolved and computations with Reynolds as large as 500 converged by approximating the convective terms in the momentum equations by third-order upwind differences using Lagrangian Polynomials. When the volume of the core fluid or the Weber number decrease, increasing the importance of interfacial tension and leading to breakup of the interface forming a drop of core fluid, the FT method converges faster with mesh refinement than the VT method and upwinding may be required. Finally, examining the generation of spurious currents around a stationary “bubble” in the tube for Ohnesorge numbers between 0.1 and 10 it is found that the maximum velocity remains approximately the same in spite mesh refinements when VT is applied, whereas it is of the same order of magnitude for the coarsest mesh and monotonically decreases with mesh refinement when FT is applied.     

关于一类高阶Liénard型方程周期解的注记

本文研究一类具偏差变元的高阶 Liénard型方程的周期解存在性 ,给出了这类方程周期解存在性的若干充分条件 .     

Effect of Reactive Surface Areas Associated with Different Particle Shapes on Chemical-Dissolution Front Instability in Fluid-Saturated Porous Rocks

In this article, the effect of reactive surface areas associated with different particle shapes on the reactive infiltration instability in a fluid-saturated porous medium is investigated through analytically deriving the dimensionless pore-fluid pressure-gradient of a coupled system between porosity, pore-fluid flow and reactive chemical-species transport within two idealized porous media consisting of spherical and cubic grains respectively. Compared with the critical dimensionless pore-fluid pressure-gradient of the coupled system, the derived dimensionless pore-fluid pressure-gradient can be used to assess the instability of a chemical dissolution front within the fluid-saturated porous medium. The related theoretical analysis has demonstrated that (1) since the shape coefficient of spherical grains is greater than that of cubic grains, the chemical system consisting of spherical grains is more unstable than that consisting of cubic grains, and (2) the instability likelihood of a natural porous medium, which is comprised of irregular grains, is smaller than that of an idealized porous medium, which is comprised of regular spherical grains. To simulate the complicated morphological evolution of a chemical dissolution front in the case of the chemical dissolution system becoming supercritical, a numerical procedure is proposed for solving this kind of problem. The related numerical results have demonstrated that the reactive surface area associated with different particle shapes can have a significant influence on the morphological evolution of an unstable chemical-dissolution front within fluid-saturated porous rocks.     

R-M不稳定性数值模拟方法

１．引 言 受扰动的两轻重流体的交界面,当处于方向由重流体指向轻流体的有效重力场中或受到冲击波作用时扰动将发展,界面将失稳,两种物质将发生湍流混合．重力场作用下的不稳定性,人们常称为Ｒａｙｌｅｉｇｈ－Ｔａｙｌｏｒ（简称Ｒ－Ｔ）不稳定性,激波作用下的界面不稳定性,则常称为 Ｒｉｃｈｔｍｙｅｒ－Ｍｅｓｈｋｏｖ（简称 Ｒ－Ｍ）不稳定性．在惯性约束核聚变（ＩＣＦ）中,由于Ｒ－Ｔ和Ｒ－Ｍ不稳定性的作用,将影响到氘氚气体的内爆压缩、升温、点火和燃烧［７］． 界面不稳定性的研究因其应用背景和学术价值在近二十多年受…     

LIMIT CYCLES OF A GENERALIZED LINARD DIFFERENTIAL EQUATION VIA AVERAGING THEORY

We apply the averaging theory of first and second orders to a generalized Liénard differential equation to study the maximum number of limit cycles of the system.     

Multi-shock structure of roll wavesStructure multi-chocs d'ondes à rouleaux

The special class of periodic travelling waves which is known as roll waves is investigated for nonhomogeneous hyperbolic equations of gas dynamics type. In this Note these equations are applied to shallow water flows in inclined open channels, but the results obtained are more general and far-reaching. The necessary conditions for the existence of a roll wave are derived. It is shown that for a nonconvex pressure term, multi-shock configurations of roll waves of finite amplitude exist. A new type of periodic travelling wave, which corresponds to the slug flow regime in two-layer flows, is found. To cite this article: A. Boudlal, V.Yu. Liapidevskii, C. R. Mecanique 332 (2004).