INVESTIGATION OF FRACTURE DESIGN FOR MEDIUM CARBON STEEL UNDER EXTRA-LOW CYCLIC FATIGUE IN AXIAL LOADING

The extra-low cyclic fracture problem of medium carbon steel under axial fatigue loading was investigated. Several problems, such as the relations of the cycle times to the depth and tip radius of the notch, loading frequency, loading range and the parameters of fracture design for medium carbon steel on condition of extra-low axial fatigue loading were discussed based on the experiments. Experimental results indicated that the tension-pressure fatigue loading mode was suitable for extra-low cyclic fatigue fracture design of medium carbon steel and it resulted in low energy consumption, fracture surface with high quality, low cycle times, and high efficiency. The appropriate parameters were as follows： loading frequency 3-5 Hz, notch tip radius r = （0.2-0.3） mm, opening angle α = 60°, and notch depth t = （0.14-0.17）D.     

疲劳短裂纹萌生及发展的细观过程和理论

本文综述了疲劳短裂纹研究的进展和现状,包括关于短裂纹的属性,短裂纹萌生和发展的细观过程以及描述短裂纹行为的若干模型。      

疲劳裂纹扩展分析的随机方法

本文介绍了近年发展起来的疲劳裂纹扩展分析的随机方法,即疲劳裂纹扩展随机模型建立方法和疲劳裂纹扩展统计分析方法。这一分析方法为金属构件疲劳裂纹扩展寿命及可靠性研究提供了有力的工具。      

CTOD试验焊缝表面开缺口试样裂纹前沿平直度研究

对于裂纹尖端张开位移(CTOD)试验,焊缝试样中预制疲劳裂纹前沿平直度直接影响了试样制备的合格率,是试验的关键难题之一．试验中常对试样进行预处理以提高裂纹前沿平直度,但由此也使试验结果与实际情况产生一定差异．本文深入研究规范BS7448: Part2中对焊缝试样取样方向的规定,对表面开缺口试样裂纹尖端焊接残余应力进行分析,运用大型有限元软件ANSYS模拟90mm厚钢板焊接过程,求解了横向残余应力沿板厚方向及焊缝方向的分布规律,研究出横向残余应力分布是影响焊缝试样预制裂纹前沿平直度的主要原因,并通过试验进行验证．试验结果表明,表面开缺口试样可不经过局部韧带压缩等预处理而得到合格的裂纹前沿平直度,试验不改变原焊缝残余应力,可测得更加接近焊缝实际情况的CTOD韧度值,给CTOD试验中合理选取焊缝试样取样方向提供了新思路．     

CTS试件中复合型疲劳裂纹扩展

针对复合型循环载荷作用下的金属构件中的裂纹扩展问题进行了实验分析和理论建模. 首先 采用紧凑拉剪试件(CTS)和 Richard研制的复合型载荷加载装置，对承受复合型循环载荷的裂纹进行了实验研究. 实验选择了两种金属材料试件，分别承受3种形式的复合型循环载荷的作用，在裂纹尖端具 有相同的初始应力场强度的条件下考察复合型循环载荷对裂纹扩展规律的影响. 实验结果表明，疲劳裂纹的扩展速率与加载角度有关. 对于同样金属材料的试件，当裂尖处 初始应力场强度相等时，载荷越接近于II型，裂纹增长速率越快. 采用等效应力强度 因子(I型和II型应力强度因子的组合)、裂纹扩展速率及复合强度等参数，以实验数据为 基础，建立了一个疲劳裂纹扩展模型，用来预测裂纹在不同模式疲劳载荷作用下的扩展速率. 为验证其有效性，该模型被应用于钢制试件的数值模拟计算中. 实验结果与模拟计算曲线保 持一致，表明该模型可以用来估算带裂纹金属构件的寿命.     

16MnR钢循环蠕变-疲劳交互作用损伤力学模型

应力控制模式下出现的循环蠕变现象,将和疲劳一起加速材料的损伤.在进行损伤评估的时候,需兼顾循环蠕变和疲劳的影响.在循环蠕变本构模型、延性耗散理论的基础上,建立循环蠕变疲劳交互作用损伤力学模型.进行16 MnR钢420 ℃下应力控制的脉动循环试验,选取一种新的损伤参量"等效模量"来描述循环蠕变和疲劳的综合作用,得到16 MnR钢420 ℃脉动循环时循环蠕变疲劳交互作用下的损伤演化估算表达式和寿命预测方法.通过试验验证,寿命预测结果与试验结果吻合较好.     

A criterion for high-cycle fatigue life and fatigue limit prediction in biaxial loading conditions

This paper presents a criterion for high-cycle fatigue life and fatigue strength estimation under periodic proportional and non-proportional cyclic loading. The criterion is based on the mean and maximum values of the second invariant of the stress deviator. Important elements of the criterion are: function of the non-proportionality of fatigue loading and the materials parameter that expresses the materials sensitivity to non-proportional loading. The methods for the materials parameters determination uses three S–N curves: tension–compression, torsion, and any non-proportional loading proposed. The criterion has been verified using experimental data, and the results are included in the paper. These results should be considered as promising. The paper also includes a proposal for multiaxial fatigue models classification due to the approach for the nonproportionality of loading.     

微动磨损对过盈配合结构微动疲劳性能的影响

在考虑微动磨损的前提下,基于SWT临界平面法和线性累计损伤模型建立了过盈配合结构微动疲劳的寿命预测模型,并详细研究了微动磨损对过盈配合结构微动疲劳性能的影响.结果表明:考虑微动磨损的作用时,微动疲劳的预测结果更加准确;微动磨损显著降低了配合边缘处的应力集中现象,提高了过盈配合结构的微动疲劳寿命;由于微动磨损的作用,配合边缘处的SWT参数逐渐降低,且其最大值出现的位置由配合最边缘逐渐向着配合内部移动,与此同时,临界平面上的法向应力平均值逐渐增大,两者的变化共同导致微动疲劳裂纹萌生位置向着配合内部移动.     

Reconstruction of probabilistic S-N curves under fatigue life following lognormal distribution with given confidence

When the historic probabilistic S-N curves are given under special survival probability and confidence levels and there is no possible to re-test, fatigue reliability analysis at other levels can not be done except for the special levels. Therefore, the wide applied curves are expected. Monte Carlo reconstruction methods of the test data and the curves are investigated under fatigue life following lognormal distribution. To overcome the non-conservative assessment of existent man-made enlarging the sample size up to thousands, a simulation policy is employed to address the true production where the sample size is controlled less than 20 for material specimens, 10 for structural component specimens and the errors matching the statistical parameters are less than 5 percent. Availability and feasibility of the present methods have been indicated by the reconstruction practice of the test data and curves for 60Si2Mn high strength spring steel of railway industry.     

离心式叶轮流体激振响应及动态疲劳的研究

研究离心式叶轮的动力特性及流体激振下的稳态响应。讨论结构动态疲劳理论,认为流体激振激起了叶轮的共振,是动态疲劳,特点是激励频率高,幅值低,能量小,激起结构多个固有模态,主要是局部模态的共振。通过一个工程实际叶轮算例,研究动态疲劳破坏的机理。采用循环对称理论,计算叶轮的模态及离心力作用下的应力分布,对流体的压力脉动进行了频谱分析。将叶片表面的静压脉动作为载荷施加于叶轮上进行频率响应分析,得到叶轮在各频率成分激振力作用下的响应,最后根据频率响应的结果计算了叶轮的疲劳寿命,为叶轮疲劳破坏提供了分析依据和计算方法。