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101.
A New Capillary Electrophoresis Apparatus with Piezoelectric Ceramics High Voltage Source and Amperometric Detector 总被引:13,自引:0,他引:13
Zuan Guang CHENI Jin Yuan MO Xiao Yun YANG Li Shi WANG Xue Ting MEIZ Min Sheng ZHANGI 《中国化学快报》1999,(3)
IntroductionHighperformancecapiliar}'electrophoresis(HPCE)isanewanalyticaltechnology'rapidly'developedinrecentyears.Withtheadvantagesofsmallsample.highsensitivity,highresolution.rapidanalysisandverycheaprunning,ithasbeenappliedinchemistry'.lifescienc... 相似文献
102.
103.
The effect of electric field assisted annealing on the microstructure, composition and ionic conductivity properties in CeO2/YSZ oxide heterostructures have been investigated using molecular dynamics simulations. Amorphization–recrystallization steps were performed with and without external electric field of strength 10?MV/cm along three different orientations: in-plane (YZ), normal (X) and 45° resultant (XY) with respect to the oxide heterointerfaces. The microstructural and compositional differences at the interfaces and in the interior of the oxide heterolayers were evaluated and were found to show a clear correlation with the orientations of the applied field. In particular, the XY configuration displayed a compressive lattice strain of ~9% along with a reduced oxygen vacancy concentration when compared to the others. Ionic density profiles suggest pronounced segregation (~60% higher compared to the average value in the interior) of yttrium ions closer to the YSZ/CeO2 interface for the XY configuration. Other configurations exhibit minimal to no such variations. These microstructural differences are found to affect the number of mobile charge carriers and the activation barriers associated with ionic migration through the oxide lattice and consequently, influence the ionic conductivity. 相似文献
104.
105.
Sara TunstallDulasiri Amarasiriwardena 《Microchemical Journal》2002,73(3):335-347
Ingestion of relatively small amounts of lead is now recognized to cause significant neurological and cognitive effects in humans. Large quantities may be fatal, yet lead poisoning, especially of children, is still a major public health concern in many parts of the world. In rural Mexican communities lead oxide (PbO) is added to ceramic glaze as a fluxing agent, lowering starting firing temperatures to 500 °C. The purpose of this study is to characterize the lead chemical forms in ceramic glazes from the Solis Valley, Mexico, to investigate lead leaching properties of these ceramics, and to demonstrate the applicability of lead isotope signatures as a means of tracing lead source origins. Ceramics were collected from the rural village of Santa Maria de Canchesda, State of Mexico, Mexico. Dried liquid glazes, post-fired glaze material, and pure PbO were analyzed by diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy (DRIFT). Results from DRIFT analysis indicate that PbO (1429 cm−1 band) is the active form of lead found in liquid glazes and ceramics. Some shifting of 1429 cm−1 PbO peak to lower wavenumbers occurs in post-fired ceramics, and this may be due to the formation of lead bisilicate during firing. Ceramics samples were leached in 0.02 M citric acid solution for 1 min, and leached lead concentrations were measured using inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Lead concentrations in these leachates varied from 0.4-80.4 μg ml−1, while the control pottery from the US leached only 0.1 μg ml−1 lead. Elemental distributions on glaze surfaces were identified by laser ablation (LA)-ICP-MS. Nitric acid extracts of soils, teeth, and ceramic glazes were analyzed for lead isotope ratios (207Pb/206Pb vs. 208Pb/206Pb) using ICP-MS. Similarities of tooth and ceramic lead isotope ratios indicate that ceramics may be a substantial source of body lead burden in the Solis Valley. This study demonstrates the applicability of lead isotope ratios for lead source identification, and it identifies potential health risks from ceramic use induced lead toxicity within the Solis Valley. 相似文献
106.
107.
Jean-Francois Bisson Hideki Yagi Takakimi Yanagitani Alexander Kaminskii Yuri N. Barabanenkov Ken-Ichi Ueda 《Optical Review》2007,14(1):1-13
Grain boundaries play a key role in determining several key properties of polycrystalline laser ceramics. Heat transfer measurements
at low temperature constitute a good tool to probe grain boundaries. We review the results of heat transfer measurements in
polycrystalline Y3Al5O12 garnets as well as Y2O3 and Lu2O3 sesquioxide materials obtained by self-energy-driven sintering of nano-particles. The average phonon mean free path in Y3Al5O12 was found to be significantly larger than the average grain size and to scale with temperature as T
−2 at low temperature. Existing models describing the interaction between phonons and grain boundaries are reviewed. Correct
temperature dependence of the mean free path and order of magnitude of scattering rates were found by assuming the existence
of a grain boundary layer having acoustic properties different from those of the bulk. A different temperature dependence
of phonon mean free path was found for the sesquioxides and was ascribed to the stronger elastic anisotropy of these materials.
The thermal resistance associated to the grain boundaries of laser ceramics was found to be lower than in other dense polycrystalline
ceramic materials reported in the literature. 相似文献
108.
Heinrich Kipphardt Rainer P. H. Garten Eberhard Jacob José A. C. Broekaert Günther Tölg 《Mikrochimica acta》1997,125(1-4):101-105
The features of a combustion with elementary fluorine for the case of compact SiC ceramics and model substances for boron containing ceramics (H3BO3 and Na2B4O7) were investigated with the aim of their decomposition and analysis. On-line detection of the gaseous decomposition products by quadrupole mass spectrometry using electron impact ionisation was studied. Limitations by blanks and transport interferences were investigated. Standard addition as well as the isotope dilution technique were used for calibration in the case of B, C and W at the trace and major component level.Dedicated to Professor Dr. rer. nat. Dr. h.c. Hubertus Nickel on the occasion of his 65th birthdayDeceased May 1995. 相似文献
109.
(Ca,Mg)—Sialon陶瓷在空气及水润滑条件下的磨损机理研究 总被引:7,自引:7,他引:7
利用SRV球-盘磨损试验机考察了一种(Ca,Mg)-Sialon陶瓷在空气及水中的摩擦学性能,并采用EPMA,SEM,EDAX以及XPS等分析手段对其磨损机理做了进一步研究。结果表明:(Ca,Mg)-Sialon陶瓷在水中比在空气中具有更低的摩擦因数,但具有较高的磨损体积损失。 相似文献
110.
IntroductionDuetotheintrinsiccouplingcharacteristicsbetweenelectricandelasticbehaviors,thatis,appliedmechanicalloadingproduceselasticdeformation ,aswellaselectricfield ,andconverselyelectricfieldcangiverisetoelasticdeformation ,piezoelectricmaterialshave… 相似文献